Structural complexity and land‐surface energy exchange along a gradient from arctic tundra to boreal forest

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Thompson ◽  
J. Beringer ◽  
F.S. Chapin ◽  
A.D. McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Energy Exchange ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Arctic Tundra

scholarly journals Two years with extreme and little snowfall: effects on energy partitioning and surface energy exchange in a high-Arctic tundra ecosystem

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1395-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Stiegler ◽  
Magnus Lund ◽  
Torben Røjle Christensen ◽  
Mikhail Mastepanov ◽  
Anders Lindroth
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Energy Exchange ◽  
Surface Energy Balance ◽  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Tundra Ecosystem

Abstract. Snow cover is one of the key factors controlling Arctic ecosystem functioning and productivity. In this study we assess the impact of strong variability in snow accumulation during 2 subsequent years (2013–2014) on the land–atmosphere interactions and surface energy exchange in two high-Arctic tundra ecosystems (wet fen and dry heath) in Zackenberg, Northeast Greenland. We observed that record-low snow cover during the winter 2012/2013 resulted in a strong response of the heath ecosystem towards low evaporative capacity and substantial surface heat loss by sensible heat fluxes (H) during the subsequent snowmelt period and growing season. Above-average snow accumulation during the winter 2013/2014 promoted summertime ground heat fluxes (G) and latent heat fluxes (LE) at the cost of H. At the fen ecosystem a more muted response of LE, H and G was observed in response to the variability in snow accumulation. Overall, the differences in flux partitioning and in the length of the snowmelt periods and growing seasons during the 2 years had a strong impact on the total accumulation of the surface energy balance components. We suggest that in a changing climate with higher temperature and more precipitation the surface energy balance of this high-Arctic tundra ecosystem may experience a further increase in the variability of energy accumulation, partitioning and redistribution.

Temporal Duration of the East Asian Summer Monsoon Substantially Affects Surface Energy Exchange over the Summer Monsoon Transition Zone of China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-52
Author(s):  
Hongyu Li ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Ping Yue ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Xiaochen Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Energy Exchange ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Turbulent Heat ◽  
Turbulent Heat Fluxes ◽  
Asian Summer

AbstractInvestigating the response of land surface energy exchange to key climatic signals such as the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is essential for understanding the intensive interactions in the Earth system. This study focuses on the summer monsoon transition zone (SMTZ) in China, which has a climate rather sensitive to the EASM activity, and examined the response of land surface energy exchange over the SMTZ to summer monsoon activity. A flux evaluation of five reanalysis/modeling data sets indicates that JRA-55(the Japane 55-year Reanalysis) reasonably represents interannual variations of surface heat fluxes over the SMTZ. The EASM activity is accurately identified in the SMTZ by introducing a monsoon temporal duration index (MTDI), which presents climate variations of summer rainfall and EASM activity better than commonly used summer monsoon indexes. Based on MTDI and long-term flux data sets, it was found that the interannual fluctuation of the EASM intensively controls surface energy partitioning and turbulent heat exchange but has a weak impact on radiative processes over the SMTZ. Furthermore, surface sensible and latent heat fluxes significantly responded to the influential period of the summer monsoon, exhibiting approximately quadratic/logarithmic relationships with the MTDI. More prominent interannual variabilities of turbulent heat fluxes were observed in weak summer monsoon years, during which an active interaction between surface energy exchange and a warming and drying climate occurred. An ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) analysis confirms that EASM activity dominates the quasi-biennial and multidecadal variations of turbulent heat fluxes over the SMTZ, which may be achieved by the transport of tropical quasi-biennial and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) signals to the mid-latitudes of East Asia. The expected intensification of summer monsoon activity in the future may induce acceleration of energy and hydrological cycle and exert a substantial impact on the availability of water and the ecosystem stability over the SMTZ.

Influence of wetland reclamation on land-surface energy exchange and evapotranspiration in the Sanjiang plain, Northeast China

2021 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 108214
Author(s):  
Yuedong Guo ◽  
Changchun Song ◽  
Jiashuang Zhang ◽  
Lili Wang ◽  
Li Sun
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Energy Exchange ◽  
Sanjiang Plain ◽  
The Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Wetland Reclamation

scholarly journals Warming and drying climate over Loess plateau area in China and its effect on land surface energy exchange

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (13) ◽  
pp. 139202
Author(s):  
Zhang Qiang ◽  
Huang Jing ◽  
Zhang Liang ◽  
Zhang Li-Yang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Energy Exchange ◽  
Plateau Area

scholarly journals Effects of interannual variability in snow accumulation on energy partitioning and surface energy exchange in a high-Arctic tundra ecosystem

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Stiegler ◽  
M. Lund ◽  
T. R. Christensen ◽  
M. Mastepanov ◽  
A. Lindroth
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Energy Exchange ◽  
Surface Energy Balance ◽  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Snow Melt ◽  
Tundra Ecosystem

Abstract. Snow cover is one of the key factors controlling Arctic ecosystem functioning and productivity. In this study we assess the impact of strong interannual variability in snow accumulation during two subsequent years (2013–2014) on the land–atmosphere interactions and surface energy exchange in two high-Arctic tundra ecosystems (wet fen and dry heath) in Zackenberg, Northeast Greenland. We observed that record-low snow cover during the winter 2012/13 resulted in strong response of the heath ecosystem towards low evaporative capacity and substantial surface heat loss by sensible heat fluxes (H) during the subsequent snow melt period and growing season. Above-average snow accumulation during the winter 2013/14 promoted summertime ground heat fluxes (G) and latent heat fluxes (LE) at the cost of H. At the fen ecosystem a more muted response of LE, H and G was observed in response to the interannual variability in snow accumulation. Overall, the differences in flux partitioning and in the length of the snow melt periods and growing seasons during the two years had a strong impact on the total accumulation of the surface energy balance components. We suggest that in a changing climate with higher temperature and more precipitation the surface energy balance of this high-Arctic tundra ecosystem may experience a further increase in the interannual variability of energy accumulation, partitioning and redistribution.

Tundra Energy Fluxes under Drought and Extreme Summer Rainfall Scenarios

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raleigh Grysko ◽  
Elena Plekhanova ◽  
Jacqueline Oehri ◽  
Gabriela Schaepman-Strub
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
Extreme Drought ◽  
Climate Feedback ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ecosystem Functions

<p>The Arctic is undergoing amplified climate change and forecasts predict increased warming and precipitation in the future. How changes in temperature and precipitation affect the partitioning of the Arctic land surface energy budget is not clear, despite the importance of both the Arctic region and the surface energy budget in earth system processes at local, regional, and global scales.</p><p>We will investigate the Arctic tundra energy budget and the relative importance of biotic and abiotic drivers. Specifically, we are experimentally testing effects of changing summer precipitation on the partitioning of the surface energy budget by simulating precipitation-based climate extremes – extreme drought and extreme precipitation totals.</p><p>We will present a literature-based synthesis of the expected impact of drought and extreme rainfall on the energy budget components of the tundra land surface and a description of the experimental design and treatments. The experiment has been established at a long-term Siberian tundra test site (71°N, 147°E). Extreme drought (precipitation) is being simulated by removing (adding) a predetermined fraction of ambient precipitation from (to) the test plots. Control plots, where ambient precipitation is not modified, are used as a baseline. Plot selection, soil sampling, and installation of below-ground sensors were performed during the past two summers, while setup of shelters and water-addition installations were completed early July 2019.</p><p>With our results on energy budget behavior change under future summer precipitation scenarios, we expect to inform mechanistic and statistic modeling of species distributions, ecosystem functions, and climate feedback in the Arctic tundra.</p>

scholarly journals Changes in the Land Surface Energy Budget in Eastern China over the Past Three Decades: Contributions of Land-Cover Change and Climate Change

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (24) ◽  
pp. 9233-9252 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Yan ◽  
J. Y. Liu ◽  
B. Z. Chen ◽  
M. Feng ◽  
S. F. Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Energy Exchange ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Incident Solar Radiation ◽  
The Past

Abstract Sensible heat flux (H), latent heat flux (LE), and net radiation (NR) are important surface energy components that directly influence climate systems. In this study, the changes in the surface energy and their contributions from global climate change and/or land-cover change over eastern China during the past nearly 30 years were investigated and assessed using a process-based land surface model [the Ecosystem–Atmosphere Simulation Scheme (EASS)]. The modeled results show that climate change contributed more to the changes of land surface energy fluxes than land-cover change, with their contribution ratio reaching 4:1 or even higher. Annual average temperature increased before 2000 and reversed thereafter; annual total precipitation continually decreased, and incident solar radiation continually increased over the past nearly 30 years. These climatic changes could lead to increased NR, H, and LE, assuming land cover remained unchanged during the past nearly 30 years. Among these meteorological variables, at spatial distribution, the incident solar radiation has the greatest effect on land surface energy exchange. The impacts of land-cover change on the seasonal variations in land surface heat fluxes between the four periods were large, especially for H. The changes in the regional energy fluxes resulting from different land-cover type conversions varied greatly. The conversion from farmland to evergreen coniferous forests had the greatest influence on land surface energy exchange, leading to a decrease in H by 19.39% and an increase in LE and NR by 7.44% and 2.74%, respectively. The results of this study can provide a basis and reference for climate change adaptation.

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