Relationship between Fatty Acid Unsaturation, Sensitivity to Lipid Peroxidation, and Maximum Life Span in the Liver of Mammals

1998 ◽  
Vol 854 (1 TOWARDS PROLO) ◽  
pp. 516-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. PAMPLONA ◽  
M. PORTERO-OTIN ◽  
D. RIBA ◽  
M. LOPEZ-TORRES ◽  
G. BARJA
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Maximum Life Span ◽  
Fatty Acid Unsaturation

Correlation of fatty acid unsaturation of the major liver mitochondrial phospholipid classes in mammals to their maximum life span potential

Lipids ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 491-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Portero-Otín ◽  
Maria Josep Bellumunt ◽  
Maria Cristina Ruiz ◽  
Gustavo Barja ◽  
Reinald Pamplona
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Maximum Life Span ◽  
Fatty Acid Unsaturation ◽  
Phospholipid Classes

scholarly journals No Evidence for Trade-Offs Between Lifespan, Fecundity, and Basal Metabolic Rate Mediated by Liver Fatty Acid Composition in Birds

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampath A. Kumar ◽  
Tomáš Albrecht ◽  
Ondřej Kauzál ◽  
Oldřich Tomášek
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Liver Fatty Acid ◽  
Maximum Life Span ◽  
Fatty Acid Unsaturation ◽  
Trade Offs

The fatty acid composition of biological membranes has been hypothesised to be a key molecular adaptation associated with the evolution of metabolic rates, ageing, and life span – the basis of the membrane pacemaker hypothesis (MPH). MPH proposes that highly unsaturated membranes enhance cellular metabolic processes while being more prone to oxidative damage, thereby increasing the rates of metabolism and ageing. MPH could, therefore, provide a mechanistic explanation for trade-offs between longevity, fecundity, and metabolic rates, predicting that short-lived species with fast metabolic rates and higher fecundity would have greater levels of membrane unsaturation. However, previous comparative studies testing MPH provide mixed evidence regarding the direction of covariation between fatty acid unsaturation and life span or metabolic rate. Moreover, some empirical studies suggest that an n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio or the fatty acid chain length, rather than the overall unsaturation, could be the key traits coevolving with life span. In this study, we tested the coevolution of liver fatty acid composition with maximum life span, annual fecundity, and basal metabolic rate (BMR), using a recently published data set comprising liver fatty acid composition of 106 avian species. While statistically controlling for the confounding effects of body mass and phylogeny, we found no support for long life span evolving with low fatty acid unsaturation and only very weak support for fatty acid unsaturation acting as a pacemaker of BMR. Moreover, our analysis provided no evidence for the previously reported links between life span and n-3 PUFA/total PUFA or MUFA proportion. Our results rather suggest that long life span evolves with long-chain fatty acids irrespective of their degree of unsaturation as life span was positively associated with at least one long-chain fatty acid of each type (i.e., SFA, MUFA, n-6 PUFA, and n-3 PUFA). Importantly, maximum life span, annual fecundity, and BMR were associated with different fatty acids or fatty acid indices, indicating that longevity, fecundity, and BMR coevolve with different aspects of fatty acid composition. Therefore, in addition to posing significant challenges to MPH, our results imply that fatty acid composition does not pose an evolutionary constraint underpinning life-history trade-offs at the molecular level.

scholarly journals Role of Lipid Composition and Lipid Peroxidation in the Sensitivity of Fungal Plant Pathogens to Aluminum Chloride and Sodium Metabisulfite

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 2820-2824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler J. Avis ◽  
Mélanie Michaud ◽  
Russell J. Tweddell
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Sodium Metabisulfite ◽  
Fatty Acid Unsaturation ◽  
Fungal Plant Pathogens

ABSTRACT Aluminum chloride and sodium metabisulfite have shown high efficacy at low doses in controlling postharvest pathogens on potato tubers. Direct effects of these two salts included the loss of cell membrane integrity in exposed pathogens. In this work, four fungal potato pathogens were studied in order to elucidate the role of membrane lipids and lipid peroxidation in the relative sensitivity of microorganisms exposed to these salts. Inhibition of mycelial growth in these fungi varied considerably and revealed sensitivity groups within the tested fungi. Analysis of fatty acids in these fungi demonstrated that sensitivity was related to high intrinsic fatty acid unsaturation. When exposed to the antifungal salts, sensitive fungi demonstrated a loss of fatty acid unsaturation, which was accompanied by an elevation in malondialdehyde content (a biochemical marker of lipid peroxidation). Our data suggest that aluminum chloride and sodium metabisulfite could induce lipid peroxidation in sensitive fungi, which may promote the ensuing loss of integrity in the plasma membrane. This direct effect on fungal membranes may contribute, at least in part, to the observed antimicrobial effects of these two salts.

Heart fatty acid unsaturation and lipid peroxidation, and aging rate, are lower in the canary and the parakeet than in the mouse

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pamplona ◽  
M. Portero-Otín ◽  
D. Riba ◽  
F. Ledo ◽  
R. Gredilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Aging Rate ◽  
Fatty Acid Unsaturation

Life and Death: Metabolic Rate, Membrane Composition, and Life Span of Animals

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 1175-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Hulbert ◽  
Reinald Pamplona ◽  
Rochelle Buffenstein ◽  
W. A. Buttemer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Membrane Fatty Acid ◽  
Maximum Life Span ◽  
Membrane Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Theory Of Aging ◽  
Living Theory

Maximum life span differences among animal species exceed life span variation achieved by experimental manipulation by orders of magnitude. The differences in the characteristic maximum life span of species was initially proposed to be due to variation in mass-specific rate of metabolism. This is called the rate-of-living theory of aging and lies at the base of the oxidative-stress theory of aging, currently the most generally accepted explanation of aging. However, the rate-of-living theory of aging while helpful is not completely adequate in explaining the maximum life span. Recently, it has been discovered that the fatty acid composition of cell membranes varies systematically between species, and this underlies the variation in their metabolic rate. When combined with the fact that 1) the products of lipid peroxidation are powerful reactive molecular species, and 2) that fatty acids differ dramatically in their susceptibility to peroxidation, membrane fatty acid composition provides a mechanistic explanation of the variation in maximum life span among animal species. When the connection between metabolic rate and life span was first proposed a century ago, it was not known that membrane composition varies between species. Many of the exceptions to the rate-of-living theory appear explicable when the particular membrane fatty acid composition is considered for each case. Here we review the links between metabolic rate and maximum life span of mammals and birds as well as the linking role of membrane fatty acid composition in determining the maximum life span. The more limited information for ectothermic animals and treatments that extend life span (e.g., caloric restriction) are also reviewed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document