scholarly journals Genetic composition of contemporary swine influenza viruses in the West Central region of the United States of America

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliy A. Evseenko ◽  
Adrianus C. M. Boon ◽  
Christy Brockwell-Staats ◽  
John Franks ◽  
Adam Rubrum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Central Region ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Swine Influenza ◽  
The United States ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
The West ◽  
West Central

Origins and genetic composition of the European fire ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Newfoundland, Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 146 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry J. Hicks ◽  
Brettney L. Pilgrim ◽  
H. Dawn Marshall
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fire Ant ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase I ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Myrmica Rubra ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Wide Scale

AbstractThe European Fire Ant, Myrmica rubra (Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), is an invasive stinging ant that has only recently been recorded in Newfoundland, Canada. The goal of the present study was to investigate the origins of M. rubra ants in Newfoundland. We analysed mtDNA sequences from the cytochrome b and cytochrome c oxidase I genes of ants from six localities in Newfoundland, and neighbouring regions of eastern Canada and the United States of America, and compared them with mtDNA data from a recent wide-scale phylogeographical study of the ant throughout Europe. There is evidence for at least four distinct sources of ants on the island. The putative routes of colonisation of the ant to Newfoundland are discussed, as are the possible reasons why it went undiscovered for many decades.

scholarly journals Mining and development lessons from the United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gundars Rudzitis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
American History ◽  
The United States ◽  
The West ◽  
Mining Communities ◽  
The Us ◽  
Do So

American history, and particularly that of the West where, during the 19th and early 20th centuries, mining for gold and silver flourished, and periodically continues to do so, is based on a frontier mentality. Indeed, we in the United States of America are still not far removed from that mentality, and have our roots in exploitation based on the idea, historically, of unlimited resources. We have created a variety of myths. Myths need not be bad, but ours have not served us well. We have started to learn slowly from our mistakes and to accept, in however belated a fashion, that we should avoid repeating them. Here I try briefly to sketch some of the outcomes from our history as it relates to mining, in the hope that New Zealand will not suffer some of the same consequences as mining communities and regions have in the US.

Evaluation of hemagglutinin subtype 1 swine influenza viruses from the United States

2006 ◽  
Vol 118 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 212-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L. Vincent ◽  
Kelly M. Lager ◽  
Wenjun Ma ◽  
Porntippa Lekcharoensuk ◽  
Marie R. Gramer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Swine Influenza ◽  
The United States ◽  
Influenza Viruses

Genetic diversity of Phytophthora pluvialis , a pathogen of conifers, in New Zealand and the west coast of the United States of America

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1131-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Brar ◽  
J. F. Tabima ◽  
R. L. McDougal ◽  
P.-Y. Dupont ◽  
N. Feau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
West Coast ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
The West ◽  
Phytophthora Pluvialis

scholarly journals Multidrug-Resistant Urinary Tract Isolates ofEscherichia coli: Prevalence and Patient Demographics in the United States in 2000

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1402-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel F. Sahm ◽  
Clyde Thornsberry ◽  
David C. Mayfield ◽  
Mark E. Jones ◽  
James A. Karlowsky
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Central Region ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
The West ◽  
E Coli ◽  
South Central ◽  
Urinary Isolates

ABSTRACT Concurrent resistance to antimicrobials of different structural classes has arisen in a multitude of bacterial species and may complicate the therapeutic management of infections, including those of the urinary tract. To assess the current breadth of multidrug resistance among urinary isolates of Escherichia coli, the most prevalent pathogen contributing to these infections, all pertinent results in The Surveillance Network Database—USA from 1 January to 30 September 2000 were analyzed. Results were available for 38,835 urinary isolates of E. coli that had been tested against ampicillin, cephalothin, ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Of these isolates, 7.1% (2,763 of 38,835) were resistant to three or more agents and considered multidrug resistant. Among the multidrug-resistant isolates, 97.8% were resistant to ampicillin, 92.8% were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 86.6% were resistant to cephalothin, 38.8% were resistant to ciprofloxacin, and 7.7% were resistant to nitrofurantoin. The predominant phenotype among multidrug-resistant isolates (57.9%; 1,600 of 2,793) included resistance to ampicillin, cephalothin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. This was the most common phenotype regardless of patient age, gender, or inpatient-outpatient status and in eight of the nine U.S. Bureau of the Census regions. Rates of multidrug resistance were demonstrated to be higher among males (10.4%) than females (6.6%), among patients >65 years of age (8.7%) than patients ≤17 (6.8%) and 18 to 65 (6.1%) years of age, and among inpatients (7.6%) than outpatients (6.9%). Regionally, the rates ranged from 4.3% in the West North Central region to 9.2% in the West South Central region. Given the current prevalence of multidrug resistance among urinary tract isolates ofE. coli in the United States (7.1%), continued local, regional, and national surveillance is warranted.

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