Misperception of patients with type 2 diabetes about diet and physical activity, and its effects on readiness to change*

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between diet and physical activity on blood sugar levels of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients at Pancaran Kasih Hospital in Manado City and the results of this study can be used as input material for patients to be able to maintain their diet and regulate physical activity to control blood sugar levels remain at normal limits. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition where the body cannot or does not produce insulin optimally. The study design used was a type of observational study with a cross sectional approach to determine the relationship between risk factors and disease. In this study used 2 independent variables, namely diet and physical activity and the dependent variable Diabetes Mellitus. The method of taking samples is using purposive sampling in accordance with the proposed inclusion and exclusion criteria. The samples needed in this study were 41 people determined by the Slovin formula. From the results of this study note that eating patterns have a value of p = 0.00, p <0.05 which means there is a significant relationship with eating patterns with blood sugar levels of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. Results of physical activity p = 0.03, p < 0.05 which means there is a significant relationship between physical activity and blood sugar levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients at Pancaran Kasih Hospital in Manado City.

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COVID-19 Lockdown and Changes of the Dietary Pattern and Physical Activity Habits in a Cohort of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12082327 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 2327 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

María Belén Ruiz-Roso ◽

Carolina Knott-Torcal ◽

Diana C. Matilla-Escalante ◽

Alba Garcimartín ◽

Miguel A. Sampedro-Nuñez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Activity Level ◽

Food Craving ◽

Diet And Physical Activity ◽

Snack Consumption ◽

The Impact

The COVID-19 lockdown clearly affected the lifestyle of the population and entailed changes in their daily habits, which involved potential health consequences, especially on patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to examine the impact of the lockdown caused by COVID-19 pandemic on both nutrition and exercise habits, as well as the psychological effects in patients with T2DM, compared to their usual diet and physical activity level previous to the complete home confinement. We also intended to analyse any potential variables that may have influenced these lifestyle modifications. A Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Food Craving Questionnaire-State (FCQ-S) and Food Craving Questionnaire-Trait (FCQ-T) were used. Our results showed an increase in vegetable, sugary food and snack consumption. An association between levels of foods cravings and snack consumption was also found. Data also showed a high percentage of physical inactivity before the COVID-19 lockdown, which was exacerbated during the home confinement. These findings emphasise the great importance to do further research with larger study samples to analyse and explore dietary habits and to develop public health policies to promote a healthy lifestyle in terms of diet and physical activity in these patients, especially after this strict period of lockdown.

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Relationships between health literacy, motivation and diet and physical activity in people with type 2 diabetes participating in peer-led support groups

Primary Care Diabetes ◽

10.1016/j.pcd.2018.02.005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 331-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Lise Juul ◽

Gill Rowlands ◽

Helle Terkildsen Maindal

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Health Literacy ◽

Support Groups ◽

Diet And Physical Activity

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Do Health Professionals Sufficiently Address Patients’ Disposition Toward Changing Their Nutritional and Physical Activity Habits? Findings from a Pilot Study among People with Type 2 Diabetes in Northern Italy

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare8040524 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 524

Author(s):

Heike Wieser ◽

Fabio Vittadello ◽

Evi Comploj ◽

Harald Stummer

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Health Literacy ◽

Stages Of Change ◽

Readiness To Change ◽

Health Professions ◽

Psychological Processes ◽

Nutritional Habits ◽

Maintenance Stage

The aim of our study was to evaluate the disposition of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) toward changing their nutritional and physical activity habits and associated factors—particularly their perceptions about interacting and communicating with four health professions. Working with a local patients’ association, we invited 364 individuals with DM2, all at least 18 years old, to complete a paper-based survey with questions addressing their experiences of interacting and communicating with general practitioners, nurses, dieticians and diabetologists and about their readiness to change targeted habits, their health literacy and their clinical status. Of the 109 questionnaires collected, 100 were eligible for descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Regarding nutritional habits, the highest percentage of participants were at the maintenance stage (26%), whereas regarding physical activity habits the highest percentage of participants were at the preparation stage (31%). Significant differences between the habits emerged for four of the five stages and for two psychological processes. The precontemplation stage was most associated with communication-related variables, whereas the maintenance stage was associated with higher health literacy for both habits, and waist-to-height ratio was associated with several stages of change and psychological processes for physical activity habits. Considering aggregated stages (i.e., active or passive stage), significant differences were observed for all psychological processes except readiness to change nutritional habits. Logistic regression analysis revealed associations of the active stage with higher self-efficacy and lower discrepancy processes for both habits. Nutritional habits were associated with normal HbA1c values and physical activity habits with high cholesterol. Understanding the combination of the stages of change and how they relate to psychological processes can afford meaningful insights into the potential internal and external communication skills of health professions and should be examined as possible elements for a patient evaluation model.

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Sleep, diet and physical activity among adults living with type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Canadian Journal of Diabetes ◽

10.1016/j.jcjd.2021.01.013 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lydi-Anne Vézina-Im ◽

Charles M. Morin ◽

Sophie Desroches

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Diet And Physical Activity

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Identifying Barriers and Facilitators to Diet and Physical Activity Behaviour Change in Type 2 Diabetes Using a Design Probe Methodology

Journal of Personalized Medicine ◽

10.3390/jpm11020072 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 72

Author(s):

Kevin A. Cradock ◽

Leo R. Quinlan ◽

Francis M. Finucane ◽

Heather L. Gainforth ◽

Kathleen A. Martin Ginis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Behaviour Change ◽

Design Research ◽

Extended Period ◽

Barriers And Facilitators ◽

Behavioural Intervention ◽

Behaviour Change Techniques ◽

Diet And Physical Activity

Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) typically involves pharmacological methods and adjunct behavioural modifications, focused on changing diet and physical activity (PA) behaviours. Changing diet and physical activity behaviours is complex and any behavioural intervention in T2D, to be successful, must use an appropriate suite of behaviour change techniques (BCTs). In this study, we sought to understand the perceived barriers and facilitators to diet and PA behaviour change in persons with T2D, with a view to creating artefacts to facilitate the required behaviour changes. The Design Probe was chosen as the most appropriate design research instrument to capture the required data, as it enabled participants to reflect and self-document, over an extended period of time, on their daily lived experiences and, following this reflection, to identify their barriers and facilitators to diet and PA behaviour change. Design Probes were sent to 21 participants and 13 were fully completed. A reflective thematic analysis was carried out on the data, which identified themes of food environment, mental health, work schedule, planning, social support, cravings, economic circumstances and energy associated with diet behaviour. Similar themes were identified for PA as well as themes of physical health, weather, motivation and the physical environment.

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