Plant-based dietary changes may improve symptoms in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Introduction Previous studies have reported that patients affected by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are interested in using diet to treat fatigue, cardiovascular disease and other symptoms. However, to date, there is insufficient information regarding the ways for patients to modify their diet to improve SLE symptoms. We investigated the relationship between the eating patterns of SLE patients and their self-reported disease symptoms and general aspects of health. Methods A UK-based, online survey was developed, in which patients with SLE were asked about their attitudes and experiences regarding their SLE symptoms and diet. Results The majority (>80%) of respondents that undertook new eating patterns with increased vegetable intake and/or decreased intake of processed food, sugar, gluten, dairy and carbohydrates reported benefiting from their dietary change. Symptom severity ratings after these dietary changes were significantly lower than before (21.3% decrease, p<0.0001). The greatest decreases in symptom severity were provided by low/no dairy (27.1% decrease), low/no processed foods (26.6% decrease) and vegan (26% decrease) eating patterns (p<0.0001). Weight loss, fatigue, joint/muscle pain and mood were the most cited symptoms that improved with dietary change. Conclusion SLE patients who changed their eating patterns to incorporate more plant-based foods while limiting processed foods and animal products reported improvements in their disease symptoms. Thus, our findings show promises in using nutrition interventions for the management of SLE symptoms, setting the scene for future clinical trials in this area. Randomised studies are needed to further test whether certain dietary changes are effective for improving specific symptoms of SLE.

Level of Anxiety-State as a factor in changing eating patterns in college students: NUTSAU Study

With the purpose of identifying eating patterns of university students at a federal university in the state of Rio de Janeiro, a cross-sectional analysis of food consumption data was stratified by anxiety symptom scores of 147 students enrolled in the second semester of several undergraduate courses in the second semester of 2015. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory determined the anxiety symptoms scores. A food frequency questionnaire was applied to obtain food consumption data. Students were stratified into two groups, using the median state anxiety score as cutoff point. For each group, some dietary patterns were derived by the application of the principal component analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software. The university students presented a median state-anxiety score of 43 points, and it was significantly higher in women. Three dietary patterns were identified for each group according to their nutritional characteristics, among which “Mixed 1”, “Healthy” and “Rice and Beans” for the less anxious students and “Western”, “Mixed 2” and “Rice and Beans” for the most anxious students. The results showed that it was possible to identify consistent food patterns for both, using a factorial analysis method. Students with the highest anxiety-state scores had a pronounced Western eating pattern, and those least anxious students had higher consumption of healthier food groups and lower consumption of caffeinated beverages. Although this is a cross-sectional analysis, it can contribute to optimize nutritional intervention for this population.

The Effect Of Family Characteristics And Parenting Patterns On The Nutritional Status Of Toddlers In Sigumpar Village, Sigumpar District, Toba Regency In 2020

Toddler age 12-59 months is a period when children really need nutrients in sufficient and balanced amounts. Lack of nutrients at this time can cause growth disorders. At this time too, the child is still completely dependent on the care and nurturing by his mother and family characteristics. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of family characteristics and parenting patterns on the nutritional status of children under five in Sigumpar Village, Sigumpar District. This type of research is a survey with the type of explanatory research. The population is all mothers who have children under five totaling 52 people. The collection of data on family characteristics, eating patterns using interviews guided by questionnaires and health parenting patterns using interviews guided by questionnaires. The nutritional status of children under five is based on the BB/TB index. Data analysis used multiple logistic regression test at a significance level of 95%. The results showed that the nutritional status of children under five (1-5 years old) based on the BW/TB index was normal (40.4%) and overweight (fat) 59.6%. Family characteristics consisting of knowledge of mothers in the good category 65.4%, higher education 75.0%, family income > 1,200,000 (100%), working mothers (59.6%), eating patterns applied by mothers to children good toddler 55.8%. Likewise, the health pattern of children under five is good 61.5%. There is an effect of parenting (eating and health) on the nutritional status of children under five.

Determinant of Obesity Among Women From Low Income Family In RW 05 Area Sub-district Cibubur 2021

Obesity is one of the nutrition problems that the prevalence increases continuously. People from low socioeconomic status significantly increase. Likewise, obesity in a woman is more prone than man. This study aims to explore the causes of obesity in adult women who come from middle and lower families. The research was conducted using qualitative principles, which research method in-depth interviews and observations. The primary informants involved ten adult women who have obese nutritional status and the key informants were community leader and family members. Results showed the influence perception of body shape on the intention and willingness to lose weight. Wrong eating patterns are excess food intake and consumption of food and beverages, which lead to obesity along with less exercise and passive activity. Its behavior is affected by individual perceptions, social support, and the environment..

Temporal Eating Patterns and Eating Windows among Adults with Overweight or Obesity

We aim to describe temporal eating patterns in a population of adults with overweight or obesity. In this cross-sectional analysis, data were combined from two separate pilot studies during which participants entered the timing of all eating occasions (>0 kcals) for 10–14 days. Data were aggregated to determine total eating occasions, local time of the first and last eating occasions, eating window, eating midpoint, and within-person variability of eating patterns. Eating patterns were compared between sexes, as well as between weekday and weekends. Participants (n = 85) had a median age of 56 ± 19 years, were mostly female (>70%), white (56.5%), and had a BMI of 31.8 ± 8.0 kg/m2. The median eating window was 14 h 04 min [12 h 57 min–15 h 21 min], which was significantly shorter on the weekend compared to weekdays (p < 0.0001). Only 13.1% of participants had an eating window <12 h/d. Additionally, there was greater irregularity with the first eating occasion during the week when compared to the weekend (p = 0.0002). In conclusion, adults with overweight or obesity have prolonged eating windows (>14 h/d). Future trials should examine the contribution of a prolonged eating window on adiposity independent of energy intake.

Dietas confinadas: análisis del discurso de la prensa sobre la nutrición en tiempos de Covid-19

The essential elements of the Spanish press’s discourse on nutrition guidelines during the Covid-19 health crisis are identified. To do this, the evolution of media representation is examined, with a semantic analysis of the news appearing in the national media in Spanish regarding nutrition and Covid-19. The analyzed period is from 31 January 2020 to 31 January 2021. The content search carried out using the Factiva database identified 117 records, which were analysed using T-LAB software. The results reveal that the press warned of hoaxes regarding nutrition during the study period. Four semantic groups are identified, informing about the most appropriate eating patterns according to the different circumstances during the pandemic. The results show that the press plays a role as an educator of Spanish society on nutrition-related topics. Resumen Se identifican los elementos esenciales sobre el discurso que la prensa española llevó a cabo sobre las pautas de nutrición durante la crisis sanitaria de la Covid-19. Se examina la evolución de la representación mediática y se efectúa un análisis semántico de las noticias aparecidas en los medios nacionales y en lengua española referidas a la nutrición y la Covid-19. El período analizado se inició el 31 de enero de 2020 y finalizó el 31 de enero de 2021. La búsqueda de contenidos se realizó mediante la base de datos Factiva. Se obtuvieron 117 registros que se analizaron mediante el software T-LAB. Los resultados revelan que la prensa alerta de los bulos sobre nutrición que se han producido durante el período analizado. Se identifican cuatro grupos semánticos orientados a informar sobre las pautas de alimentación más adecuadas según las diferentes circunstancias en la pandemia. Se constata que la prensa desempeña su papel como agente educador en la sociedad en materia de nutrición.

Intermittent Fasting: From Calories to Time Restriction

Classic implementation of calorie restriction (CR) in laboratory animals increases health and longevity in most model organisms. Traditionally, chronic CR is the reduction of daily energy intake without malnutrition. Recently, paradigms have emerged that recapitulate some of the beneficial aspects of this intervention, avoiding some of its challenges. The length of daily fasting length and periodicity have emerged as potential drivers behind CR’s beneficial health effects. Numerous strategies and eating patterns, including prolonged periods of fasting, have been successfully developed to mimic many of CR’s benefits without its austerity. These new feeding protocols range from short mealtimes designed to interact with our circadian system (daily time-restricted feeding) to more extended fasting regimens known as intermittent fasting. We will discuss the current status of knowledge on different strategies to reap the benefits of CR on metabolic health in rodent models and humans without the rigor of chronic reductions in caloric intake.

Impact of Covid-19 on Lifestyle Related Behaviors of Nigerians

Introduction: A great threat of a novel virus – coronavirus otherwise known as COVID-19 pandemic rocked the entire world in the wake of the year 2020. The threat is so strenuous that the entire world was placed on lockdown in the matter of social restriction such as on international and national transport links, market or business transactions, school and organizational activities, and all related social and religious gatherings. This restriction might change people’s lifestyle. This study was aimed at assessing the lifestyle changes caused by the pandemic among Nigerians. Methodology: A web based cross sectional survey was conducted using an e-questionnaire. A paired t-test, independent t-test were used to test hypothesis while mean, frequency, and percentage were used to summarize the data. Results: Majority of the participants were male (72.1%), single (83.2%), and middle class (79.5%) of social status. There was a decrease in the habit of consuming meals routinely at regular intervals during COVID-19 (19.4% vs 25.7%). There were significant differences in eating patterns before and during COVID-19 (P<0.05). Likewise, significant differences in physical activity before and during COVID-19 were observed. Conclusion: Some of the protocol put in place in curtailing the virus has been proven to have a positive impact on the lifestyle of Nigerians Such health benefits include but not limited to an increase in moderate exercise, increase in the consumption of healthy and reduction in the consumption of unhealthy food.

Characterizing children’s eating patterns: does the choice of eating occasion definition matter?

Background Recommendations to define eating occasions (EO) currently exist for research in adults, but not for children or adolescents. We examined how varying EO definitions affect the characterization of eating patterns in children and adolescents. Methods Cross-sectional dietary data collected using a 24-h recall data during the 2011–12 Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (1364 boys and 1337 girls aged 2–18 years) were analyzed. Eight definitions were applied: participant-identified, time-of-day, and 6 neutral definitions (EO separated by 15- or 60-min and/or an additional energy criterion of 21 or 210 kJ). Frequency of and total energy intake from meals, snacks, and all EO were estimated. F tests stratified by gender and age-group, were used to assess differences between definitions. Agreement between definitions of meal and snack frequencies was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Linear regression was used to estimate the proportion of variance in total energy intake (kJ) and BMI z-score predicted by each definition. Results Mean frequencies of meals and snacks differed between the participant-identified and time-of-day definitions, in boys and girls and for all age groups (P < 0.01). Across the six neutral definitions, there were differences between mean frequencies of EO with the largest mean difference observed for children aged 2–3 y (boys: 2.3, girls: 2.5; P < 0.003). Between the participant-identified and time-of-day definitions, there was good agreement for frequencies of snacks (ICC for both genders: 0.93) but not meals (boys: 0.36; girls: 0.38). The 15-min time interval plus 210 kJ definition of an EO consistently predicted the most variance in total energy intake (R2 range = 8.1–34.8). Definitions that delineated meals and snacks better predicted variance in BMI z-score, when compared to the neutral definitions. Conclusions How eating patterns are characterized vary depending on the EO definitions employed, particularly in young children. Variance in total energy intake was best predicted by a variation of the neutral definition whereas definitions that delineated meals and snacks performed better in relation to predicting BMI variance. Further international research that compares EO definitions in children will help inform a standard approach.