scholarly journals Revisiting the Relationship Between the Macroeconomy and Indigenous Labour Force Status

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-332
Author(s):  
Boyd Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Status ◽  
The Relationship

Does disability modify the relationship between labour force status and psychological distress among young people?

2020 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-107149
Author(s):  
Marissa Shields ◽  
Stefanie Dimov ◽  
Tania L King ◽  
Allison Milner ◽  
Anne Kavanagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Young People ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Labour Force Status ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Effect Measure Modification ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveTo examine the association between labour force status, including young people who were unemployed and having problems looking for work, and psychological distress one year later. We then assessed whether this association is modified by disability status.MethodsWe used three waves of cohort data from the Longitudinal Surveys of Australian Youth. We fitted logistic regression models to account for confounders of the relationship between labour force status (employed, not in the labour force, unemployed and having problems looking for work) at age 21 years and psychological distress at age 22 years. We then estimated whether this association was modified by disability status at age 21 years.ResultsBeing unemployed and having problems looking for work at age 21 years was associated with odds of psychological distress that were 2.48 (95% CI 1.95 to 3.14) times higher than employment. There was little evidence for additive effect measure modification of this association by disability status (2.52, 95% CI −1.21 to 6.25).ConclusionsYoung people who were unemployed and having problems looking for work had increased odds of poor mental health. Interventions should focus on addressing the difficulties young people report when looking for work, with a particular focus on supporting those young people facing additional barriers to employment such as young people with disabilities.

scholarly journals 1196Trajectories of disability throughout adolescence and labour force status as a young adult

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marissa Shields ◽  
Tania King ◽  
Stefanie Dimov ◽  
Anne Kavanagh ◽  
Matthew Spittal
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Early Experiences ◽  
Labour Force Status ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Status Information ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Young people with disabilities have poorer labour force outcomes than their peers without disabilities. Existing studies typically assess disability at one time point, obscuring potential variation in the experience of disability over time. This study aimed to identify trajectories of disability during childhood/adolescence and assess associations between trajectory membership and labour force status in young adulthood. Methods Group-based trajectory modeling was applied to disability status information from Waves 2-7 (age 4/5 to 16/17 years) of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children; labour force participation (employed, unemployed, not in the labour force (NILF)) was measured at Wave 8 (18/19 years). Two logistic regression models assessed the relationship between trajectory group membership and labour force participation, adjusted for confounders. Results Four trajectory groups were identified: low (75.5% of cohort), low increasing (9.7%), high decreasing (10.9%), and consistently high (3.9%) prevalence of disability. Compared to individuals in the low trajectory (reference group), individuals in the consistently high trajectory had increased odds of being NILF at age 18/19 years (AOR 3.48, 95%CI 2.14, 5.68). Individuals in the low increasing trajectory had increased odds of unemployment at age 18/19 years compared to the reference group (AOR 2.93, 95%CI 1.91-4.48). Conclusions Results suggest that early experiences of disability among young Australians may differentially impact future labour force outcomes. Key messages Additional supports to prepare young people for the labour force should focus on individuals with consistently high or increasing prevalence of disability trajectories.

scholarly journals Female Labour Force Status and Fertility Behaviour-Some Theoretical, Methodological and Policy Issues

1979 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-357
Author(s):  
Raflqul Huda Chaudhury
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Fertility Behaviour ◽  
Labour Force Status ◽  
The Relationship

The status of women and their role in community and family decision. making, including timing and number of births and choice of contraception, have an important bearing on improving the standard of living, success of family planning and long• term reduction in fertility of a country. In a society, whose women depend on their children for social and economic security and lack legitimate alternatives to childbearing, fertility is likely to be high. Mandelbaum [34] summarised a number of studies relating to fertility and motivation in Indian society. The most commonly reported reason for desiring large families was the absence of alternative roles for women to the role of wife-mother. This absence of alternative roles for women has often been suggested as a stumbling block to diffusion of small family size norm in developing countries [56; 37J. For effective reduction of population growth, the proponents of the 'beyond family planning approach' emphasize the complementarity of the roles of men and women, creation of alternatives to childbearing and reduction of dependence on children by providing educational opportunity and economic independence for women [56; 2; 3; 15; 28]. Of particular interest is the nature of relationship between female education, labour force participation and conjugal role of women on the one hand and fertility and the use of contraception on the other. In this study, an attempt is made to examine the dynamics of the relationship between female labour force status and fertility behaviour (i.e. use of contraception and fertility) and also to evaluate the implication of the relationship for reduction of fertility, particularly with reference to the developing countries of the world.

Higher education, gender, and foreign direct investment: Evidence from OECD countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 095042222199727
Author(s):  
George Pantelopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Education Statistics ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of this study was to explore and empirically investigate the relationship between the labour force across educational levels and foreign direct investment (FDI), and to facilitate comparisons of education statistics and indicators across countries based on uniform and internationally agreed definitions. The analysis focuses on OECD countries. The empirical findings suggest that an educated labour force positively affects inward FDI. However, different educational levels do not have the same level of significance; tertiary education appears to have the greatest influence. As far as gender is concerned, the level of female participation in the workforce seems to be crucial in attracting FDI, and governments should therefore adopt policies to promote women’s empowerment.

scholarly journals Do changes in income, deprivation, labour force status and family status influence smoking behaviour over the short run? Panel study of 15 000 adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (e2) ◽  
pp. e106-e113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Blakely ◽  
Frederieke S van der Deen ◽  
Alistair Woodward ◽  
Ichiro Kawachi ◽  
Kristie Carter
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Labour Force Status ◽  
Short Run

The End of Sharecropping in Central Italy after 1945: The Role of Mechanisation in the Changing Relationship between Peasant Families and Land

Rural History ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
STUART OGLETHORPE
Keyword(s):  
Labour Supply ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Farming Families ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Push Factor

Abstract:This article focuses on the mechanisation of agriculture in central Italy in the thirty years or so after 1945. This provides a particular way of examining the major changes in the rural landscape in this period, especially the end of the sharecropping system. Land in these regions had for centuries been predominantly farmed under sharecropping contracts, but for political, economic, and demographic reasons this system, which had inhibited modernisation, entered a rapid decline. Whereas labour supply had previously exceeded demand, the reverse became the case, allowing sharecropping families more freedom in how they operated. Mechanisation was not a ‘push’ factor, but as the agricultural labour force contracted it was a necessary response. The article uses individual testimony to illustrate how tenant farmers started to work outside the sharecropping contract, some becoming outside contractors with other farms and supplying tractor hire. The mechanisation of agriculture was slow and uneven, but marked an irreversible change in the relationship between farming families and their land.

Combining employment and care-giving: how differing care intensities influence employment patterns among middle-aged women in Germany

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 925-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadiya Kelle
Keyword(s):  
Cox Regression ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Unpaid Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Employed Women ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractGiven an ageing population and increased participation by women in the labour force, the relationship between unpaid care and the availability of women to the labour force is gaining in importance as an issue. This article assesses the impact of unpaid care on transitions into employment by women aged between 45 and 59 years. It uses the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) from the years 2001–2014 to estimate Cox regression models for 6,201 employed women. The results indicate that women with higher caring responsibilities and women with lower caring responsibilities are heterogeneous in terms of the socio-economic characteristics that they exhibit: higher-intensity care providers tend to have a lower level of educational attainment and a weaker attachment to the labour force than women with less-intensive caring responsibilities. Furthermore, while women with more-intensive caring roles are highly likely to exit the labour market altogether, female carers with less-intensive roles seem to be able to combine work and care better. These results highlight the importance of providing more affordable institutional and professional care services, especially for low- and medium-income families.

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