scholarly journals Thymoquinone ameliorates pressure overload‐induced cardiac hypertrophy by activating the AMPK signalling pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Chen ◽  
Chengui Zhuo ◽  
Aohan Zu ◽  
Shuai Yuan ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Signalling Pathway

scholarly journals Hydrogen-rich saline mitigates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and atrial fibrillation in rats via the JAK-STAT signalling pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 030006052093641
Author(s):  
Chufeng Wang ◽  
Zezheng Pan
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Signalling Pathway ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Atrial Fibrosis ◽  
Rat Cardiomyocytes

Objective To investigate if hydrogen-rich saline (HRS), which has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, could mitigate cardiac remodelling and reduce the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the rat model of cardiac hypertrophy. Methods Pressure overload was induced in rats by abdominal aortic constriction (AAC). The animals were separated into four groups: sham; AAC group; AAC plus low dose HRS (LHRS); AAC plus high dose HRS (HHRS). The sham and AAC groups received normal saline intraperitoneally and the LHRS and HHRS groups received 3 or 6 ml/kg HRS daily for six weeks, respectively. In vitro research was also performed using cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1)-induced hypertrophy of cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Results Cardiac hypertrophy was successfully induced by AAC and low and high dose HRS mitigated the pressure overload as shown by lower heart and atrial weights in these treatment groups. AF incidence and duration of the HRS groups were also significantly lower in the HRS groups compared with the AAC group. Atrial fibrosis was also reduced in the HRS groups and the JAK-STAT signalling pathway was down-regulated. In vitro experiments showed that hydrogen-rich medium mitigated the CT-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy with a similar effect as the JAK specific antagonists AG490. Conclusions HRS was found to mitigate cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload in rats and reduce atrial fibrosis and AF which was possibly achieved via inhibition of the JAK-STAT signalling pathway.

Pinoresinol diglucoside (PDG) attenuates cardiac hypertrophy via AKT/mTOR/NF-κB signaling in pressure overload-induced rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 113920
Author(s):  
Yusha Chen ◽  
Ruiyan Pan ◽  
Juanjuan Zhang ◽  
Tianming Liang ◽  
Juan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Pinoresinol Diglucoside

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress as A Mechanism for Functional Alterations in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 931
Author(s):  
Anureet K. Shah ◽  
Sukhwinder K. Bhullar ◽  
Vijayan Elimban ◽  
Naranjan S. Dhalla
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Cardiac Dysfunction ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Hypertrophied Heart ◽  
Vasoactive Hormones

Although heart failure due to a wide variety of pathological stimuli including myocardial infarction, pressure overload and volume overload is associated with cardiac hypertrophy, the exact reasons for the transition of cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure are not well defined. Since circulating levels of several vasoactive hormones including catecholamines, angiotensin II, and endothelins are elevated under pathological conditions, it has been suggested that these vasoactive hormones may be involved in the development of both cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. At initial stages of pathological stimuli, these hormones induce an increase in ventricular wall tension by acting through their respective receptor-mediated signal transduction systems and result in the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Some oxyradicals formed at initial stages are also involved in the redox-dependent activation of the hypertrophic process but these are rapidly removed by increased content of antioxidants in hypertrophied heart. In fact, cardiac hypertrophy is considered to be an adaptive process as it exhibits either normal or augmented cardiac function for maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis. However, exposure of a hypertrophied heart to elevated levels of circulating hormones due to pathological stimuli over a prolonged period results in cardiac dysfunction and development of heart failure involving a complex set of mechanisms. It has been demonstrated that different cardiovascular abnormalities such as functional hypoxia, metabolic derangements, uncoupling of mitochondrial electron transport, and inflammation produce oxidative stress in the hypertrophied failing hearts. In addition, oxidation of catecholamines by monoamine oxidase as well as NADPH oxidase activation by angiotensin II and endothelin promote the generation of oxidative stress during the prolonged period by these pathological stimuli. It is noteworthy that oxidative stress is known to activate metallomatrix proteases and degrade the extracellular matrix proteins for the induction of cardiac remodeling and heart dysfunction. Furthermore, oxidative stress has been shown to induce subcellular remodeling and Ca2+-handling abnormalities as well as loss of cardiomyocytes due to the development of apoptosis, necrosis, and fibrosis. These observations support the view that a low amount of oxyradical formation for a brief period may activate redox-sensitive mechanisms, which are associated with the development of cardiac hypertrophy. On the other hand, high levels of oxyradicals over a prolonged period may induce oxidative stress and cause Ca2+-handling defects as well as protease activation and thus play a critical role in the development of adverse cardiac remodeling and cardiac dysfunction as well as progression of heart failure.

scholarly journals TMEM173 protects against pressure overload‐induced cardiac hypertrophy by modulating autophagy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya‐Ge Jin ◽  
Heng Zhou ◽  
Di Fan ◽  
Yan Che ◽  
Zhao‐Peng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Pressure Overload

scholarly journals Cardiac Hypertrophy Changes Compartmentation of cAMP in Non-Raft Membrane Microdomains

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 535
Author(s):  
Nikoleta Pavlaki ◽  
Kirstie A. De Jong ◽  
Birgit Geertz ◽  
Viacheslav O. Nikolaev ◽  
Alexander Froese
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Myocytes ◽  
Resonance Energy Transfer ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Resonance Energy ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Differential Regulation ◽  
Membrane Microdomains ◽  
Transgenic Mouse Line

3′,5′-Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a ubiquitous second messenger which plays critical roles in cardiac function and disease. In adult mouse ventricular myocytes (AMVMs), several distinct functionally relevant microdomains with tightly compartmentalized cAMP signaling have been described. At least two types of microdomains reside in AMVM plasma membrane which are associated with caveolin-rich raft and non-raft sarcolemma, each with distinct cAMP dynamics and their differential regulation by receptors and cAMP degrading enzymes phosphodiesterases (PDEs). However, it is still unclear how cardiac disease such as hypertrophy leading to heart failure affects cAMP signals specifically in the non-raft membrane microdomains. To answer this question, we generated a novel transgenic mouse line expressing a highly sensitive Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensor E1-CAAX targeted to non-lipid raft membrane microdomains of AMVMs and subjected these mice to pressure overload induced cardiac hypertrophy. We could detect specific changes in PDE3-dependent compartmentation of β-adrenergic receptor induced cAMP in non-raft membrane microdomains which were clearly different from those occurring in caveolin-rich sarcolemma. This indicates differential regulation and distinct responses of these membrane microdomains to cardiac remodeling.

scholarly journals Sacubitril/valsartan ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy and preserves diastolic function in cardiac pressure overload

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Einar Sjaastad Nordén ◽  
Bård Andre Bendiksen ◽  
Henriette Andresen ◽  
Kaja Knudsen Bergo ◽  
Emil Knut Espe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Pressure Overload

Ameliorative Effect of Combination of Fenofibrate and Rosiglitazone in Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy in Rats

Pharmacology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 80 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhankumar Rose ◽  
Pitchai Balakumar ◽  
Manjeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

Influence of enalapril on established pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy in low and normal renin states in female rats

Life Sciences ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (15) ◽  
pp. 1423-1433
Author(s):  
Lois Jane Heller ◽  
Stephen A. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Female Rats
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