Birth weight, verbal cognition in early adolescence, and lexical and reading skills in late adolescence: a formal mediation analysis using a potential outcomes approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 773-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Marina Leite Puglisi ◽  
Sabine Pompéia ◽  
George B. Ploubidis ◽  
Walter Swardfager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Reading Skills ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Potential Outcomes ◽  
Verbal Cognition

scholarly journals Pathways Linking Birth Weight and Insulin Sensitivity in Early Adolescence: A Double Mediation Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (12) ◽  
pp. 4524-4532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andraea Van Hulst ◽  
Gilles Paradis ◽  
Andrea Benedetti ◽  
Tracie A Barnett ◽  
Mélanie Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Mediation Analysis

scholarly journals The long-term associations between parental behaviors, cognitive function and brain activation in adolescence

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Orwa Dandash ◽  
Nicolas Cherbuin ◽  
Orli Schwartz ◽  
Nicholas B. Allen ◽  
Sarah Whittle
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Parenting Behavior ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Fmri Study

AbstractParenting behavior has a vital role in the development of the brain and cognitive abilities of offspring throughout childhood and adolescence. While positive and aggressive parenting behavior have been suggested to impact neurobiology in the form of abnormal brain activation in adolescents, little work has investigated the links between parenting behavior and the neurobiological correlates of cognitive performance during this age period. In the current longitudinal fMRI study, associations between parenting behaviors and cognitive performance and brain activation across mid- and late-adolescence were assessed. Observed measures of maternal aggressive and positive behavior were recorded in early adolescence (12 years) and correlated with fMRI activation and in-scanner behavioral scores on the multi-source interference task (MSIT) during mid- (16 years; 95 participants) and late-adolescence (19 years; 75 participants). There was a significant reduction in inhibitory-control-related brain activation in posterior parietal and cingulate cortices as participants transitioned from mid- to late-adolescence. Positive maternal behavior in early-adolescence was associated with lower activation in the left parietal and DLPFC during the MSIT in mid-adolescence, whereas maternal aggressive behavior was associated with longer reaction time to incongruent trials in late-adolescence. The study supports the notion that maternal behavior may influence subsequent neurocognitive development during adolescence.

scholarly journals Association of birth weight with corneal power in early adolescence: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2008

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. e0186723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achim Fieß ◽  
Alexander K. Schuster ◽  
Norbert Pfeiffer ◽  
Stefan Nickels
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
National Health ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Corneal Power ◽  
Health And Nutrition

scholarly journals Meal frequencies in early adolescence predict meal frequencies in late adolescence and early adulthood

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trine Pagh Pedersen ◽  
Bjørn E Holstein ◽  
Esben Meulengracht Flachs ◽  
Mette Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Late Adolescence

Sexual maturation in early adolescence and alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking in late adolescence: a prospective study of 2,129 Norwegian girls and boys

2005 ◽  
Vol 164 (10) ◽  
pp. 621-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grete H. Bratberg ◽  
Tom I. L. Nilsen ◽  
Turid L. Holmen ◽  
Lars J. Vatten
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
A Prospective Study

Causal mediation in developmental science: A primer

2021 ◽  
pp. 016502542098164
Author(s):  
Jorge Cuartas ◽  
Dana Charles McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Developmental Theory ◽  
Potential Outcomes ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Causal Mediation ◽  
Developmental Science ◽  
Potential Outcomes Framework

Mediation has played a critical role in developmental theory and research. Yet, developmentalists rarely discuss the methodological challenges of establishing causality in mediation analysis or potential strategies to improve the identification of causal mediation effects. In this article, we discuss the potential outcomes framework from statistics as a means for highlighting several fundamental challenges of establishing causality in mediation analysis, including the difficulty of meeting the key assumption of sequential ignorability, even in experimental studies. We argue that this framework—which, although commonplace in other fields, has not yet been taken up in developmental science—can inform solutions to these challenges. Based on the framework, we offer a series of recommendations for improving causal inference in mediation analysis, including an overview of best practices in both study design and analysis, as well as resources for conducting analysis. In doing so, our overall objective in this article is to support the use of rigorous methods for understanding questions of mechanism in developmental science.

scholarly journals Commentary: Using Potential Outcomes to Understand Causal Mediation Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 861-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Imai ◽  
Booil Jo ◽  
Elizabeth A. Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Potential Outcomes ◽  
Causal Mediation ◽  
Causal Mediation Analysis

scholarly journals Maternal education and offspring birth weight for gestational age: the mediating effect of smoking during pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1001-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Nakamura ◽  
Laura Pryor ◽  
Morgane Ballon ◽  
Sandrine Lioret ◽  
Barbara Heude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Child Birth

Abstract Background Small for gestational age (SGA) birth weight, a risk factor for infant mortality and delayed child development, is associated with maternal educational attainment. Maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy could contribute to this association. We aimed to quantify the contribution of maternal smoking during pregnancy to social inequalities in child birth weight for gestational age (GA). Methods Data come from the French nation-wide ELFE cohort study, which included 17 155 singletons. Birth weights for GA were calculated using z-scores. Associations between maternal educational attainment, tobacco smoking during pregnancy and child birth weight for GA were ascertained using mediation analysis. Mediation analyses were also stratified by maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index. Results Low maternal educational attainment was associated with an increased odd of tobacco smoking during pregnancy [adjusted OR (ORa) = 2.58 (95% CI 2.34–2.84)] as well as a decrease in child birth weight for GA [RRa = 0.94 (95% CI 0.91–0.98)]. Tobacco smoking during pregnancy was associated with a decrease in offspring birth weight for GA [RRa = 0.73 (95% CI 0.70–0.76)]. Mediation analysis suggests that 39% of the effect of low maternal educational attainment on offspring birth weight for GA was mediated by smoking during pregnancy. A more important direct effect of maternal educational attainment on child birth weight for GA was observed among underweight women [RRa = 0.82 (95% CI 0.72–0.93)]. Conclusions The relationship between maternal educational attainment and child birth weight for GA is strongly mediated by smoking during pregnancy. Reducing maternal smoking could lessen the occurrence of infant SGA and decrease socioeconomic inequalities in birth weight for GA.

scholarly journals Micronutrient Supplementation During Pregnancy, Birth Weight and Neonatal Mortality in Uganda: A Causal Mediation Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 912-912
Author(s):  
Paddy Ssentongo ◽  
Djibril Ba ◽  
Claudio Fronterre ◽  
Jessica Ericson ◽  
Alison Gernand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Born Term ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Causal Mediation ◽  
Causal Mediation Analysis

Abstract Objectives Low birth weight (LBW) is a significant risk factor for death in the first 30 days of life. Maternal iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy increases the risk of LBW. We aimed to explore whether antenatal IFA supplementation reduces neonatal mortality in Uganda and to examine if the association of IFA supplementation with neonatal death is mediated through LBW. Methods We used a retrospective birth cohort from the 2016 population-based Uganda demographic and health survey. We examined information on neonatal survival, sociodemographic and intake of IFA supplementation of 9203 women and 17,202 live-born, term infants ≤ 5 y before the survey. Birth weight was categorized as very low (VLBW, defined as < 1500 g or very small baby as perceived by the mother), low (LBW, birth weight of < 2500 g or baby smaller than average as perceived by the mother), and normal (NBW, ≥ 2500 g or an average and larger baby as perceived by the mother). Causal mediation analysis (CMA) treating the birth weight as a mediator was conducted to measure the direct and indirect effects of IFA on neonatal mortality (death of a live-born infant during the first 30 d of life). Results IFA supplementation was reported in 89% of women. The prevalence of LBW and VLBW was 21% and 7% respectively. 474 (3%) babies died within the 30 d after birth, 320 (66%) died within the first 24 h and 469 (99%) died within the first week of life (early neonatal mortality). IFA supplementation during pregnancy was independently associated with a 56% reduction in neonatal mortality [(hazard ratio (HR): 0.44; 95% CI 0.31, 0.61); P < 0.0001] and 26% reduction in VLBW (Relative risk (RR): 0.74; 95% CI 0.60, 0.92, P = 0.007). There was a linear dose-response relationship between the category of birth weight and increased neonatal mortality (LBW versus NBW: RR: 1.39 95% CI: 1.05–1.81, P = 0.02, VLBW versus NBW: RR; 3.6: 95% CI: 2.83–4.53, P < 0.0001). CMA showed that 6% of the effect of IFA supplement on reducing neonatal mortality was meditated through reducing the risk of VLBW but not through LBW, and 94% of the causal effect was direct. Conclusions The use of antenatal iron/folic acid supplements during pregnancy is an important intervention to reduce neonatal mortality. These findings indicate that the association is weakly mediated through improved birth weight, and other mediators should be identified in future studies. Funding Sources NIH.

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