Impact of body mass index on the efficacy and safety of ipragliflozin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A subgroup analysis of 3‐month interim results from the Specified Drug Use Results Survey of Ipragliflozin Treatment in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Long‐term Use study

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is common in the Indian population and awareness regarding the disease and its complications is low among the patients with diabetes. There is lack of studies regarding awareness of complications of diabetes among type 2 diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the awareness of diabetic complications among type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS This is an institutional based observational study. The sample comprised of 150 adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who underwent treatment in the Department of Medicine, Medical College Kottayam and the patient’s age ranged from 18 - 77 years. RESULTS Majority of patients were in the age group 38 to 57 and the sample comprised of 56 % males and 44 % female patients. Out of 150 patients involved in the study, 120 patients (80 %) were aware of the complications of diabetes mellitus. Among the male patients, 70 (83.33 %) and among females, 50 (75.75 %) were aware of the complications in diabetes. In the study sample, 92 (61.33 %) were aware of the foot problems, 120 patients (80 %) were aware of renal complications, 91 patients were aware regarding eye problems of diabetes, 38 (25.33 %) regarding development of hypertension, 62 (41.33 %) regarding heart attack, 42 (28 %) patients were aware regarding development of stroke and 78 patients (52 %) had awareness regarding occurrence of recurrent infections. CONCLUSIONS Awareness regarding diabetes and its complications is fairly good among the diabetic patients in Kerala. Awareness regarding all complications of diabetes was higher among males than females. Providing awareness to type 2 diabetic patients by various educational programs may be of further help to prevent complications and to decrease the mortality and morbidity in type 2 diabetes patients. KEYWORDS Awareness, Diabetes

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Effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibition on renal function and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.3405 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. e3405 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Lubin Xu ◽

Yang Li ◽

Jiaxin Lang ◽

Peng Xia ◽

Xinyu Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Renal Function ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Sglt2 Inhibition ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Aim To evaluate the effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibition on renal function and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods We conducted systematic searches of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to June 2016 and included randomized controlled trials of SGLT2 inhibitors in adult type 2 diabetic patients reporting estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and/or urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) changes. Data were synthesized using the random-effects model. Results Forty-seven studies with 22,843 participants were included. SGLT2 inhibition was not associated with a significant change in eGFR in general (weighted mean difference (WMD), −0.33 ml/min per 1.73 m2, 95% CI [−0.90 to 0.23]) or in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (WMD −0.78 ml/min per 1.73 m2, 95% CI [−2.52 to 0.97]). SGLT2 inhibition was associated with eGFR reduction in short-term trials (WMD −0.98 ml/min per 1.73 m2, 95% CI [−1.42 to −0.54]), and with eGFR preservation in long-term trials (WMD 2.01 ml/min per 1.73 m2, 95% CI [0.86 to 3.16]). Urine ACR reduction after SGLT2 inhibition was not statistically significant in type 2 diabetic patients in general (WMD −7.24 mg/g, 95% CI [−15.54 to 1.06]), but was significant in patients with CKD (WMD −107.35 mg/g, 95% CI [−192.53 to −22.18]). Conclusions SGLT2 inhibition was not associated with significant changes in eGFR in patients with type 2 diabetes, likely resulting from a mixture of an initial reduction of eGFR and long-term renal function preservation. SGLT2 inhibition was associated with statistically significant albuminuria reduction in type 2 diabetic patients with CKD.

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Evaluation of thyroid dysfunction among type 2 diabetic patients

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v6i3.10814 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 33-37

Author(s):

Pranav Kumar Raghuwanshi ◽

Devendra Pratap Singh Rajput ◽

Bhupendra Kumar Ratre ◽

Roopesh Jain ◽

Narmada Patel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Subclinical Hyperthyroidism ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a very common endocrinal disorders and incidence of thyroid dysfunction also rising in India and world over. Thyroid hormones directly control insulin secretion and insulin clearance. Diabetes also may affect the thyroid function to variable extent first at the level of hypothalamic control of TSH release and second at peripheral tissue by converting T4 to T3. Aims and Objectives: The present study was carried out aiming to evaluate thyroid dysfunction among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Material and Methods: Study included total 80 subjects. Thyroid dysfunction was evaluated by investigating the subjects for Total tri-iodo-thyronine (T3), Total thyroxine (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Plasma glucose was estimated by- GOD-POD method and Thyroid profile was estimated by- CLIA (chemiluminescence immunoassay) system. Statistical analysis was performed using software statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20, unpaired T test, Pearson’s correlation. Results: In type 2 diabetic patients the prevalence of hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism was found to be 4(10.00%) and 6(15.00%) respectively, while the prevalence of subclinical hyperthyroidism and hyperthyroidism was found to be 0(0.0%) and 1(2.5%) respectively. In non diabetic healthy subjects the prevalence of hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism was found to be 1(2.5%) and 3(7.5%) respectively while the prevalence of subclinical hyperthyroidism and hyperthyroidism was found to be 0(0.0%) and 0(0.0%) respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was found to be higher in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects as compared to non-diabetic subjects. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i3.10814Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(3) 2015 33-37

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Carbamylation of LDL and its relationship with myeloperoxidase in Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs20130369 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 126 (2) ◽

pp. 175-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Sammy W. M. Shiu ◽

Su-Mei Xiao ◽

Ying Wong ◽

Wing-Sun Chow ◽

Karen S. L. Lam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Renal Impairment ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Independent Mechanism ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Protein carbamylation has been considered only quantitatively important in uraemia and carbamylated LDL is pro-atherogenic. We have shown that carbamylated LDL is increased in Type 2 diabetic patients without renal impairment. Carbamylation is mediated by a urea-independent mechanism via myeloperoxidase.

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Correlation of Pulmonary Function Tests with Anthropometry and Glycaemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-A Cross-sectional Study

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/47275.14778 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aiswarya Roy Karintholil ◽

Akshatha Rao Aroor ◽

Joel Sabu ◽

Joshua Chacko

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycaemic Control ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Lung Functions ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Introduction: Diabetic patients are found to have reduced lung functions compared to their controls and their relationship with the duration of diabetes, glycaemic control, and Body Mass Index (BMI) is poorly characterised. Aim: To determine the correlation between the pulmonary function abnormalities with anthropometry, glycaemic control, and duration of diabetes in type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 type 2 diabetic patients were studied. BMI, Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR), Fasting, postprandial blood sugar and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) were assessed from July to September 2018. Spirometry was done in accordance with the guidelines from the American Thoracic Society (ATS). Reduced pulmonary functions were defined as patients with restrictive (FEV1/FVC≥0.7 and FVC< 80% predicted) or obstructive (FEV1/FVC<0.7) impairment. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA test and Karl Pearson Correlation coefficient. Results: The mean values of FEV1/FVC (0.8±0.08) and FVC% predicted (60.29±11.39) showed a restrictive pattern. FEF (25-75%) (r=0.241, p=0.031) and PEFR (r=0.245, p=0.029) positively correlated with duration of diabetes. BMI had a negative correlation with FVC% predicted (r=0.239, p=0.033). A negative correlation between FEV1% and Waist Circumference (WC) was observed (r=-0.232, p=0.038). HbA1c negatively correlated to FEV1/FVC (r=-0.227, p=0.043). Conclusion: Patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) were found to have an asymptomatic restrictive pulmonary impairment. Increased duration of diabetes, increased BMI, increased WC was associated with decreased lung functions in diabetics.

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Dinamika massy tela u bol'nykh sakharnymdiabetom 2 tipa v techenie pervogo godainsulinoterapii

Obesity and metabolism ◽

10.14341/2071-8713-5082 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 13-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T Sh Dzhavakhishvili ◽

T I Romantsova ◽

O V Roik

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Insulin Therapy ◽

Insulin Requirement ◽

Insulin Analogues ◽

First Year ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

The aim of this study was to determine changes in weight and insulin requirements in insulin-treated type 2 diabetic patients with normal and elevated body mass index (BMI) during the first year after initiating the insulin therapy with insulin analogues or human insulins, respectively. Materials and methods: a total of 157 patients with insulin naive type 2 diabetes were included in the study. The patients were divided in two groups. First group consisted of subjects [mean age 57 (45 to 73), duration of diabetes of 10 years (4 to 16)] prescribed a long-acting basal (glargine, detemir), premixed (biphasic insulin Aspart 30, Humalog Mix 25) or short-acting (aspart, lispro) insulin analogues. Patients from second group [mean age 59 (46 to 75), duration of diabetes for 10 years (5 to 15)] were treated with intermediate- acting basal (Protophane, Humulin NPH), premixed (biphasic human insulin 30, Humulin M3) and regular (Actrapid, Humulin R) human insulins. Each of these two groups was divided into three subgroups depending on the baseline body mass index (BMI) of the patients: 18,5-24,9; 25-29 and ≥30. At the beginning of insulin therapy and 12 months later, we compared HbA1c, BMI, waist circumference and required insulin doses in each group. Results: our study results showed that under comparable metabolic control the risk for weight gain and increase in insulin requirement is similar in insulin-treated type 2 diabetic patients with normal and elevated BMI. Use of insulin analogues for treatment of type 2 diabetes patients with normal and elevated BMI results in better glycaemic control, less weight gain, smaller increase in insulin requirement and waist circumference compared to human insulins during the first year of insulin therapy.

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HOSPITAL BASED STUDY TO DETERMINE THE PREVALENCE OF GLAUCOMA IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS.

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v4i2.1196 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Archana Kumari ◽

Sony Sinha

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Medical College ◽

Department Of Ophthalmology ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Aim: to analyze the prevalence of glaucoma in type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: present observational study was undertaken in the Department of Ophthalmology, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India for the period of one year. Total 100 patients of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were included and detailed history was obtained. Results: Out of 100 diabetic patients 8 (8%) of them had glaucoma. Out of 8 diabetic patients with glaucoma 75.0% were male. The mean age reported was 58.16±4.81. Conclusion: This study highlights the prevalence and the demographic characteristics of glaucoma among diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital of Bihar. Since, no such study has been done before in this region. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Glaucoma, Bihar

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Effect of insulin treatment on pulsatility ratio and resistance index of the retinal artery in patients with type 2 diabetes

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0254980 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. e0254980

Author(s):

Tsuneaki Omae ◽

Youngseok Song ◽

Takafumi Yoshioka ◽

Tomofumi Tani ◽

Akitoshi Yoshida

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Insulin Treatment ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Retinal Artery ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

This study aimed to evaluate whether long-term insulin treatment is associated with abnormalities in retinal circulation in type 2 diabetic patients. We evaluated 19 eyes of nondiabetic individuals and 68 eyes of type 2 diabetic patients. The eyes of diabetic patients were classified into two groups according to the presence or absence of long-term insulin therapy. We used a Doppler optical coherence tomography flowmeter to measure diameter, velocity, and blood flow in the major temporal retinal artery. The pulsatility ratio (PR) and resistance index (RI), indices of vascular rigidity, were calculated from the blood velocity profile. PR and RI were significantly elevated in type 2 diabetic patients compared with nondiabetic subjects (P < 0.05). In type 2 diabetes patients, PR and RI were significantly higher in patients receiving long-term insulin treatment than in those without (P < 0.01). There was a significant difference in velocity (P < 0.05), but not diameter and blood flow, between nondiabetic subjects and type 2 diabetes patients. No significant difference in diameter, velocity, or blood flow was observed between the groups with and without long-term insulin treatment. Long-term insulin treatment can affect PR and RI, which might be associated with vascular rigidity of the retinal artery in patients with type 2 diabetes.

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Comparison of Different Clinical and Metabolic Parameters Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients With and Without Retinopathy in Primary Health Clinics in Medan City, North Sumatera, Indonesia

Bangladesh Journal of Medicine ◽

10.3329/bjm.v31i2.48534 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 64-68

Author(s):

Rusdiana ◽

Sry Suryani Widjaja ◽

Mila Hayati Daulay ◽

Almaycano Ginting

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Primary Health ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Background: The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing steadily and diabeticretinopathy is one of the microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. This research aims tocompare different clinical and metabolic parameters among type 2 diabetic patients with and withoutdiabetic retinopathy. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done at various primary health care centers in Medan cityand the surrounding areas in North Sumatera from May to July 2020. Collected medical data includedblood pressure, body mass index, duration of disease, family history and medical treatment. Laboratorydata included blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile. Diabetic retinopathy wasdetected by funduscopic examination by an ophthalmologist. Results: Total patients were 88 and 26 had retinopathy. There was significant difference betweenthe average blood pressure, blood glucose and HbA1C values among patients with type 2 diabetesmellitus with and without retinopathy (p<0.005). But, there was no significant difference between theaverage body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference and lipid profile. Conclusion: Study showed that type 2 diabetic patients with retinopathy had increased blood glucoselevels and HbA1c than patients without retinopathy. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2020; 31(2) :64-68

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Diabetes control could through platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in hemograms

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1806-9282.65.1.38 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 38-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Burcin Atak ◽

Gulali Aktas ◽

Tuba T. Duman ◽

Edip Erkus ◽

M. Zahid Kocak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Platelet To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Lymphocyte Ratio ◽

Inflammatory Index ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and inflammation is well-established. We aimed to study platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), a novel inflammatory index derived from hemogram, in diabetic patients in comparison to those in healthy volunteers. METHODS Medical data of type 2 diabetics that showed up in general outpatient medical clinics of our institution between February 2017 and August 2017 were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS Median PLR of type 2 diabetic patients was significantly higher than the PLR of healthy controls (p=0.001). Moreover, PLR was significantly and positively correlated with HbA1c (p<0.001, r=0.58), fasting plasma glucose (p<0.001, r=0.49), and c-reactive protein (p=0.003, r=0.30) levels. Type 2 diabetic subjects with proteinuria had significantly higher PLR levels than that of diabetic subjects without proteinuria. CONCLUSION As an inexpensive and easy to use index, PLR may be useful in predicting the development and control levels of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, its correlation with HbA1c needs to be validated by larger prospective studies.

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