Effect of thickness, cement shade, and coffee thermocycling on the optical properties of zirconia reinforced lithium silicate ceramic

This case report describes the fabrication of monolithic all-ceramic restorations using zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) ceramics. The use of powder-free intraoral scanner, generative fabrication technology of the working model, and CAD/CAM of the restorations in the dental laboratory allows a completely digitized workflow. The newly introduced ZLS ceramics offer a unique combination of fracture strength (>420 MPa), excellent optical properties, and optimum polishing characteristics, thus making them an interesting material option for monolithic restorations in the digital workflow.

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Surface Characterization and Optical Properties of Reinforced Dental Glass-Ceramics Related to Artificial Aging

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25153407 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (15) ◽

pp. 3407

Author(s):

Liliana Porojan ◽

Roxana-Diana Vasiliu ◽

Mihaela-Ionela Bîrdeanu ◽

Sorin-Daniel Porojan

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

Thermal Cycling ◽

Glass Ceramic ◽

Artificial Aging ◽

Lithium Disilicate ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Dental Restoration ◽

Lithium Silicate ◽

Glass Ceramic Materials ◽

Silicate Ceramic

The development of various dental glass-ceramic materials and the evolution of novel processing technologies lead to an essential change in the clinical and technical workflow. The long-term success of a dental restoration treatment is defined by its durability, which is directly influenced by the oral environment. This study’s purpose was to evaluate the artificial aging behavior of nanostructured, respective microstructured ceramics related to surface topography, roughness, and optical properties. Six monolithic restoration materials were selected: milled lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDS-M) MT (medium translucency), hot-pressed lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDS-P) MT and HT (high translucency), milled zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (ZLS-M) MT and hot-pressed zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (ZLS-P) MT and HT, resulting n = 96 surfaces. All the samples were artificially aged by thermal cycling, and all investigations were made before and after thermal cycling. In terms of optical properties, differences recorded between ZLS and LDS ceramics are not significant. Thermal cycling increases the translucency of ZLS and LDS glass-ceramic materials significantly, with the most harmful effect on the pressed and polished samples. Micro- and nano roughness are significantly influenced by in vitro aging and a negative correlation was recorded. Glazed samples are characterized by significant rougher surfaces for all types of materials. On nanolevel, ZLS materials are significantly smoothed by thermal cycling.

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Chairside CAD-CAM milling materials optical properties: feldspathic versus lithium silicate

Palestrica Of The Third Millennium - Civilization And Sport ◽

10.26659/pm3.2018.19.4.230 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 230-233

Author(s):

Adrian Mihai Varvară ◽

◽

Ralph Boutros ◽

Anca Ştefania Mesaroş ◽

Elena Bianca Varvară ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

Lithium Silicate ◽

Cad Cam

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In vitro wear of a zirconium-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic against different restorative materials

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials ◽

10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103403 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 100 ◽

pp. 103403

Author(s):

Larissa Marcia Martins Alves ◽

Lisseth Patricia Claudio Contreras ◽

Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos ◽

Marco Antonio Bottino ◽

Luiz Felipe Valandro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lithium Silicate ◽

Restorative Materials ◽

Silicate Ceramic

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Hydrothermal synthesis and investigation of optical properties of Nb5+-doped lithium silicate nanostructures

International Nano Letters ◽

10.1007/s40089-014-0100-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Abdolali Alemi ◽

Shahin Khademinia ◽

Sang Woo Joo ◽

Mahboubeh Dolatyari ◽

Akbar Bakhtiari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽

Lithium Silicate

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Survival probability of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic: Effect of surface condition and fatigue test load profile

Dental Materials ◽

10.1016/j.dental.2020.03.029 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 808-815 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Amanda Maria de Oliveira Dal Piva ◽

João Paulo Mendes Tribst ◽

Andressa Borin Venturini ◽

Lilian Costa Anami ◽

Estevam Augusto Bonfante ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatigue Test ◽

Survival Probability ◽

Surface Condition ◽

Lithium Silicate ◽

Test Load ◽

Load Profile ◽

Silicate Ceramic ◽

Effect Of Surface

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A Comparative Study of Light Transmission by Various Dental Restorative Materials and the Tooth Structure

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/19-037-l ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 442-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

N Ilie ◽

G Furtos

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

Glass Ceramic ◽

Light Transmission ◽

Lithium Disilicate ◽

Lithium Silicate ◽

Restorative Process ◽

Tooth Structure ◽

Computer Aided ◽

Restorative Materials ◽

Cad Cam

Clinical Relevance Light transmission through dental materials and tooth structure has direct clinical implication on such factors as selecting an appropriate curing technique during a restorative process. SUMMARY Introduction: This study aims to quantify and compare the amount of light that passes through seven different types of direct and indirect restorative materials comprising light-cured resin based composites (regular and bulk-fill), computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) restoratives such as resin based composites, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) resin, leucite glass-ceramic, lithium silicate glass-ceramic, feldspar ceramic, and the natural tooth structure. Methods and Materials: Individual sets (n=6) of plane-parallel test specimens (2 mm) of 32 restorative materials belonging to the aforementioned seven material types and the tooth structure were prepared. Within the analyzed materials, one leucite glass-ceramic and one lithium disilicate glass-ceramic were considered in two different translucencies. In addition, two light-cured resin composites, one CAD/CAM resin composite, and one lithium disilicate glass-ceramic were considered in two different shades. Optical properties (transmittance, T; absorbance, A; and opacity, O) of each material were calculated from the relationship between incident and transmitted irradiance [I(d)] using a violet-blue light-curing unit. Incident and transmitted irradiance were assessed in real time on a spectrophotometer. A multivariate analysis (general linear model) assessed the effects of various parameters on the optical properties. Results: A very strong influence of the parameter material was identified on I(d) (p<0.001; partial eta squared, ηP2=0.953), T (p<0.001; ηP2=0.951), A (p<0.001; ηP2=0.925), and O (p<0.001; ηP2=0.886), while the effect of the parameter material type was not significant (p=0.079, p=0.05, p=0.05, and p=0.051, respectively). Light attenuation differed significantly by material within each shade category and by shade category within the analyzed material. Conclusions: Attenuation of light through restorative materials and tooth structure is high (59.9% to 94.9%); thus, deficits in polymerization are difficult to compensate for by additional light exposure at the end of the restorative process.

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Effect of Thermocycling, Surface Treatments and Microstructure on the Optical Properties and Roughness of CAD-CAM and Heat-Pressed Glass Ceramics

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13020381 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 381 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Roxana-Diana Vasiliu ◽

Sorin Daniel Porojan ◽

Mihaela Ionela Bîrdeanu ◽

Liliana Porojan

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Optical Properties ◽

Glass Ceramic ◽

Glass Ceramics ◽

Lithium Disilicate ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Surface Treatments ◽

Lithium Silicate ◽

Before And After ◽

Cad Cam

Dental ceramic restorations are widely spread nowadays due to their aesthetics and biocompatibility. In time, the colour and structure of these ceramic materials can be altered by aging processes. How does artificial aging affect the optical and surface roughness of ceramics? This study aims to assess the effect of thermocycling, surface treatments and microstructure upon translucency, opalescence and surface roughness on CAD-CAM and heat-pressed glass-ceramic. Forty-eight samples (1.5 mm thickness) were fabricated from six types of A2 MT ceramic: heat-pressed and milled glass-ceramic (feldspathic, lithium disilicate and zirconia reinforced lithium silicate). The samples were obtained respecting the manufacturer’s instructions. The resulted surfaces (n = 96) were half glazed and half polished. The samples were subjected to thermocycling (10,000 cycles) and roughness values (Ra and Rz), colour coordinates (L*, a*, b*) and microstructural analyses were assessed before and after thermocycling. Translucency (TP) and opalescence (OP) were calculated. Values were statistically analysed using ANOVA test (one way). TP and OP values were significantly different between heat-pressed and milled ceramics before and also after thermocycling (p < 0.001). Surface treatments (glazing and polishing) had a significant effect on TP and OP and surface roughness (p < 0.05). The heat-pressed and milled zirconia reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic experienced a loss in TP and OP. Ra and Rz increased for the glazed samples, TP and OP decreased for all the samples after thermocycling. Microstructural analyse revealed that glazed surfaces were more affected by the thermocycling and especially for the zirconia reinforced lithium silicate ceramic. Optical properties and surface roughness of the chosen ceramic materials were affected by thermocycling, surface treatments and microstructural differences. The least affected of the ceramics was the lithium disilicate ceramic heat-pressed polished and glazed.

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Fracture Resistance of Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramic Crowns Cemented with Conventional or Adhesive Systems: An In Vitro Study

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13092012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 2012

Author(s):

Gianmaria D’Addazio ◽

Manlio Santilli ◽

Marco Lorenzo Rollo ◽

Paolo Cardelli ◽

Imena Rexhepi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Test ◽

Testing Machine ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Resin Cement ◽

Human Tooth ◽

Lithium Silicate ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Aesthetic Characteristics ◽

Silicate Ceramic

In recent years, Zirconia-reinforced Lithium Silicate ceramic (ZLS), combining lithium-silicate and zirconia features, has shown to have excellent mechanical and aesthetic characteristics. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the fracture strength of ZLS single crowns cemented with two different cementation techniques. Twenty crowns were realised and cemented on teeth replicas achieved from an extracted premolar human tooth. The samples were divided into two groups of 10 specimens each, Glass-ionomeric cement (GIC) group and Self-Adhesive Resin Cement (ARC) group. The mechanical test was performed using a universal testing machine. The specimens were then evaluated with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to identify for all crowns and related abutments the pattern of fracture after the breaking point. The data obtained were statistically analysed. The mean fracture toughness values and standard deviations (±SD) were 2227 ± 382 N and 3712 ± 319 N respectively for GIC and ARC groups. In fact, t-test showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.001). Moreover, the SEM results demonstrated portions of abutments still attached to the crown fragments in the ARC group, whilst these were not present in the GIC group. Within the limitations of this study, these results suggest the use of adhesive cementation for ZLS crowns, which significantly increase the compressive strength of ZLS restorations compared to GIC.

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Comparison of Bond Strength of Monolithic CAD-CAM Materials to Resin Cement Using Different Surface Treatment Methods

Journal of Advanced Oral Research ◽

10.1177/2320206819862062 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 120-127

Author(s):

Sevki Cinar ◽

Bike Altan ◽

Gokhan Akgungor

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Surface Treatment ◽

Surface Treatments ◽

Resin Cement ◽

Lithium Silicate ◽

Treatment Methods ◽

Cad Cam ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Hybrid Ceramic ◽

Silicate Ceramic

Objective: To compare the bond strength of monolithic CAD-CAM materials to resin cement using different surface treatment methods. Materials and Methods: Lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e-max CAD), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (Vita Suprinity), resin nanoceramic (Lava Ultimate), and hybrid ceramic (Vita Enamic) were used. Five groups of CAD-CAM blocks were treated as follows: control (C), HF etching (HF), HF etching + silanization (HF + S), sandblasting (SB), and sandblasting + silanization (SB + S). After surface treatments, SEM analyses were conducted. Specimens were cemented with self-adhesive resin cement (Theracem) and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h. Shear bond strength (SBS) was measured, and failure types were categorized. Results were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and the post-hoc Tukey test. Results: Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between SBS values obtained for different surface treatments and CAD-CAM block types ( P < .001). Among the CAD-CAM materials, the highest SBS was reported in the HF + S group for Vita Enamic. Although IPS e.max CAD, Vita Suprinity, and Vita Enamic showed higher bond strength when treated with HF + S, Lava Ultimate has the highest bond strength value when treated with SB + S. Conclusions: The bond strength of CAD-CAM materials was influenced by surface treatment. Additionally, silanization significantly improved the bond strength of all materials except Lava Ultimate.

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