scholarly journals Racial Differences in the Incidence of and Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul N. Jensen ◽  
Evan L. Thacker ◽  
Sascha Dublin ◽  
Bruce M. Psaty ◽  
Susan R. Heckbert
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Incident Acute Renal Failure in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 450-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuja Mittalhenkle ◽  
Catherine O. Stehman-Breen ◽  
Michael G. Shlipak ◽  
Linda F. Fried ◽  
Ronit Katz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study

scholarly journals GAIT SLOWING AMONG FRAIL OLDER ADULTS: IS HIGHER DOPAMINERGIC SIGNALING PROTECTIVE?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S89-S89
Author(s):  
Caterina Rosano ◽  
Stephanie Studenski ◽  
Nicolaas Bohnen ◽  
Andrea Rosso
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Full Cohort ◽  
Frail Older Adults ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Strategies to reduce gait slowing in frail older adults are urgently needed. Higher dopaminergic (DA) signaling is emerging as a protecting factor against age-related gait slowing, in the absence of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). DA signaling is potentially modifiable, thereby offering promising novel strategies to reduce gait slowing. In 3,752 PD-free participants of the Cardiovascular Health Study (72.3 years, 81% white, 39% male), we measured gait speed (usual pace, 15 feet), frailty (Fried definition), and genetic polymorphism of Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT, rs4680), an enzyme regulating tonic brain DA levels. Multivariable linear regression models of COMT predicting gait speed were adjusted for age, gender, BMI, ankle-arm index, vision, and arthritis. Strength, education, medications, pulmonary, cardio- and cerebro-vascular diseases, diabetes, mood, and cognition were considered as additional covariates. We examined the full cohort and the subgroup with frailty (n=222), without and with race-stratification to address racial differences in allele frequencies. Average (SE) gait speed was 0.88 (0.003) and 0.58 (0.01) m/sec in the full cohort and the frail subgroup, respectively. COMT was linearly associated with gait speed; gait was faster for met/met (higher DA signaling) and slower for val/val (lower DA signaling) participants. In adjusted models, differences between these two groups were: 0.02 (0.01) m/sec in the full cohort (p=0.4); 0.07(0.02) m/sec in the frail subgroup (p=0.02); 0.10 (0.02) m/sec in white with frailty (p=0.01). COMT genotyping may help identify frail adults who are less vulnerable to gait impairments. Studies of frailty should examine whether higher DA signaling offers resilience against age-related gait slowing.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Incident Carotid Artery Revascularization among Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parveen K. Garg ◽  
Willam J.H. Koh ◽  
Joseph A. Delaney ◽  
Ethan A. Halm ◽  
Calvin H. Hirsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Population-based risk factors for carotid artery revascularization are not known. We investigated the association between demographic and clinical characteristics and incident carotid artery revascularization in a cohort of older adults. Methods: Among Cardiovascular Health Study participants, a population-based cohort of 5,888 adults aged 65 years or older enrolled in two waves (1989-1990 and 1992-1993), 5,107 participants without a prior history of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or cerebrovascular disease had a carotid ultrasound at baseline and were included in these analyses. Cox proportional hazards multivariable analysis was used to determine independent risk factors for incident carotid artery revascularization. Results: Over a mean follow-up of 13.5 years, 141 participants underwent carotid artery revascularization, 97% were CEA. Baseline degree of stenosis and incident ischemic cerebral events occurring during follow-up were the strongest predictors of incident revascularization. After adjustment for these, factors independently associated with an increased risk of incident revascularization were: hypertension (HR 1.53; 95% CI: 1.05-2.23), peripheral arterial disease (HR 2.57; 95% CI: 1.34-4.93), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HR 1.23 per standard deviation [SD] increment [35.4 mg/dL]; 95% CI: 1.04-1.46). Factors independently associated with a lower risk of incident revascularization were: female gender (HR 0.51; 95% CI: 0.34-0.77) and older age (HR 0.69 per SD increment [5.5 years]; 95% CI: 0.56-0.86). Conclusions: Even after accounting for carotid stenosis and incident cerebral ischemic events, carotid revascularization is related to age, gender, and cardiovascular risk factors. Further study of these demographic disparities and the role of risk factor control is warranted.

Abstract MP07: Racial Differences in Incident CHD in Observational Population-based Studies

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisandro D Colantonio ◽  
Christopher M Gamboa ◽  
Joshua S Richman ◽  
Emily B Levitan ◽  
Elsayed Z Soliman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
White Men ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Similar Risk

Background: In the modern era, black men have twice the risk for fatal CHD versus white men, with similar incidence of total CHD. To examine secular trends in these findings, we compared the risk for incident fatal, nonfatal and total CHD by race across three US cohorts from different time periods. Methods: We analyzed data from blacks and whites in the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study (n=14,967, all 45-64 years of age, baseline 1987-1989), the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS, n=4,626, all ≥65 years of age, baseline 1989-1993) and the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study (13,115 participants 45-64 years of age, 7,493 participants ≥65 years of age, baseline 2003-2007) who were free of CHD at baseline. Participants were followed for up to 10 years for fatal or nonfatal CHD. Analyses were stratified by age and gender and adjusted for similar risk factors across cohorts. Results: After age adjustment, black men 45-64 years of age in ARIC and REGARDS had higher risk for fatal CHD and similar risk for nonfatal and total CHD compared with their white counterparts (Table). After further adjustment for risk factors, blacks had similar risk for fatal CHD and lower risk for nonfatal and total CHD. A higher age-adjusted risk for fatal CHD and lower multivariable-adjusted risk for nonfatal CHD was also found among black versus white men ≥65 years of age in REGARDS; however, these associations were attenuated/absent in CHS. Among women 45-64 years of age in ARIC and REGARDS, blacks had higher age-adjusted risk for fatal, nonfatal and total CHD which were attenuated after adjustment for risk factors. There was no association between black race and CHD among women ≥65 years of age. Conclusion: Black-white disparities in the incidence of fatal CHD have remained similar for many years, particularly among those <65 years of age, and are explained by risk factors. The higher risk for fatal CHD is more striking among black men who consistently shown similar risk for total CHD compared with white men across cohorts.

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