scholarly journals Long-Term Systemic Inflammation and Cognitive Impairment in a Population-Based Cohort

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1683-1691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarete A. Wichmann ◽  
Karen J. Cruickshanks ◽  
Cynthia M. Carlsson ◽  
Rick Chappell ◽  
Mary E. Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Population Based

scholarly journals Cognitive Outcome in Childhood-Onset Epilepsy: A Five-Decade Prospective Cohort Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Karrasch ◽  
Petri Tiitta ◽  
Bruce Hermann ◽  
Juho Joutsa ◽  
Shlomo Shinnar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Semantic Function ◽  
Active Epilepsy

AbstractObjectives: Little is known about the very long-term cognitive outcome in patients with childhood-onset epilepsy. The aim of this unique prospective population-based cohort study was to examine cognitive outcomes in aging participants with childhood-onset epilepsy (mean onset age=5.3 years) five decades later (mean age at follow-up=56.5 years).Methods: The sample consisted of 48 participants with childhood-onset epilepsy and 48 age-matched healthy controls aged 48–63 years. Thirty-six epilepsy participants were in remission and 12 continued to have seizures. Cognitive function was examined with 11 neuropsychological tests measuring language and semantic function, episodic memory, and learning, visuomotor function, executive function, and working memory. Results: The risk of cognitive impairment was very high in participants with continuing seizures; odds ratio (OR)=11.7 (95% confidence interval [CI] (2.8, 49.6), p=.0008). They exhibited worse performances across measures of language and semantic function, and visuomotor function compared to participants with remitted epilepsy and healthy controls. In the participants with remitted epilepsy, the risk of cognitive impairment was somewhat elevated, but not statistically significant; OR=2.6 (95% CI [0.9, 7.5], p=.08).Conclusions: Our results showed that the distinction of continued versus discontinued seizures was critical for determining long-term cognitive outcome in childhood-onset epilepsy. Few participants in remission exhibited marked cognitive impairment compared to age-matched peers. However, a subgroup of participants with decades long active epilepsy, continuous seizure activity and anti-epileptic drug (AED) medication, showed clinically significant cognitive impairment and are thus in a more precarious position when entering older age. (JINS, 2017, 23, 332–340)

scholarly journals Age-related cognitive impairment is associated with long-term neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in a mouse model of episodic systemic inflammation

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Costa d’Avila ◽  
Luciana Domett Siqueira ◽  
Aurélien Mazeraud ◽  
Estefania Pereira Azevedo ◽  
Debora Foguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Prolonged Systemic Inflammation Alters Muscarinic Long-Term Potentiation (mLTP) in the Hippocampus

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Efrat Shavit-Stein ◽  
Amir Dori ◽  
Marina Ben Shimon ◽  
Shany Guly Gofrit ◽  
Nicola Maggio
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cholinergic Dysfunction ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Hippocampal Synapses ◽  
The Brain

The cholinergic system plays a fundamental role in learning and memory. Pharmacological activation of the muscarinic receptor M1R potentiates NMDA receptor activity and induces short-term potentiation at the synapses called muscarinic LTP, mLTP. Dysfunction of cholinergic transmission has been detected in the settings of cognitive impairment and dementia. Systemic inflammation as well as neuroinflammation has been shown to profoundly alter synaptic transmission and LTP. Indeed, intervention which is aimed at reducing neuroinflammatory changes in the brain has been associated with an improvement in cognitive functions. While cognitive impairment caused either by cholinergic dysfunction and/or by systemic inflammation suggests a possible connection between the two, so far whether systemic inflammation affects mLTP has not been extensively studied. In the present work, we explored whether an acute versus persistent systemic inflammation induced by LPS injections would differently affect the ability of hippocampal synapses to undergo mLTP. Interestingly, while a short exposure to LPS resulted in a transient deficit in mLTP expression, a longer exposure persistently impaired mLTP. We believe that these findings may be involved in cognitive dysfunctions following sepsis and possibly neuroinflammatory processes.

Abstract WP387: Race and Sex Differences in Long Term Cognitive Impairment Among Delirious Patients With Acute Neurological Injuries: A Population Based Study

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Kumar ◽  
Arvind Bambhroliya ◽  
Jennifer R Meeks ◽  
Alicia Zha ◽  
Sunil A Sheth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Diagnostic Codes ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Arachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Neurological Injuries

Background: Higher incidence of mild cognitive impairment and dementia (MCID) has been reported in patients with acute neurological injuries (ANI) who are exposed to in-hospital delirium. However, race and sex differences for delirium associated MCID have not been described. Methods: We analyzed State Inpatient and Emergency Department Databases for NY, FL and CA (2006 - 2014) for four categories of adult (≥18) ANI patients (ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, sub-arachnoid hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury). Delirium and MCID were tagged using validated diagnostic codes. Patients diagnosed with MCID prior to or within 90-day after ANI event were excluded. We performed time-to-event analyses to explore race and sex differences in development of MCID among delirious ANI patients. Interaction of sex and race with age was also examined. Hazard Ratios (HR) and 95% CIs are reported. Results: We identified 911,380 eligible ANI patients of whom 5.4% were documented to have delirium. After excluding patients without follow-up, we analyzed a total of 34,990 ANI patients with initial in-hospital delirium, among whom 11.5% subsequently developed MCID. In the fully adjusted multivariable model, males had a higher risk of developing MCID (HR, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.01 - 1.16). African Americans, Hispanics and patients in other racial groups also had a higher independent risk of developing MCID, as compared to Caucasians. (Figure 1a). The interaction between age and sex was statically significant (p = 0.04), indicating higher risk of incident MCID among males with increasing age as compared to females. This difference was pronounced beyond 65 years. (Figure 1b). Conclusions: Certain demographic groups hospitalized for ANI may be differentially susceptible to the risk of long-term cognitive decline associated with in-hospital delirium. Targeted and personalized strategies for the early identification and management of delirium during hospitalization may be warranted.

Association between diabetic retinopathy and incident cognitive impairment

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (11) ◽  
pp. 1605-1609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Gupta ◽  
Alfred Tau Liang Gan ◽  
Ryan Eyn Kidd Man ◽  
Eva K Fenwick ◽  
Charumathi Sabanayagam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Disease Study

Background/AimThe relationship between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and cognitive impairment (CI) is unclear due to equivocal findings from cross-sectional studies and a lack of long-term data. In this population-based cohort study, we investigated the longitudinal association between the severity of DR and the incidence of CI.Methods682 participants with diabetes, gradable retinal photographs and no CI at baseline 2004–2011) and complete relevant data at follow-up 2010–2016 from the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Disease Study were included. CI was assessed using the validated Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT), defined as scores of ≤6 and ≤8 for those with 0–6 and >6 years of formal education, respectively. Six-year incident CI was defined as having no CI at baseline but present at the follow-up visit.ResultsOf the 682 included participants, 483 (70.8%) had no DR and 199 (29.2%) had any DR. Of those with DR, 142 (20.8%) had minimal/mild DR and 57 (8.4%) had moderate or worse DR at baseline. At the follow-up visit, 40 (5.9%) participants had incident CI based on AMT. In multivariate analysis compared with participants without DR, those with any DR had more than twofold increased odds of incident CI (OR (95% CI): 2.32 (1.07 to 5.03)). Participants with moderate or worse DR had threefold increased odds of developing CI (3.41 (1.06 to 11.00)), compared with those with no DR.ConclusionsDR, particularly at the more severe stages, is associated with increased risk of developing CI, independent of vision and other risk factors.

scholarly journals Duration of Family Caregiving and Its Effects on Inflammation in the Caregiving Transitions Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 322-323
Author(s):  
David Roth
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Polynomial Regression Models ◽  
Analytic Models

Abstract Sustained caregiving for older adult family members with disabilities can be a chronically stressful experience that may adversely affect the health of caregivers. Systemic inflammation is thought to be one mechanism by which caregiving stress might impact health, but previous studies of inflammation in caregivers have generally found inconsistent or very small effects with questionable clinical significance when comparing caregiving and non-caregiving control samples. The Caregiving Transitions Study (CTS) enrolled 283 family caregivers and 283 carefully-matched controls from an ongoing national epidemiologic study. This population-based sample of caregivers included an unusual subsample of 32 long-term caregivers who had been providing care to the same care recipients for over 9 consecutive years. Analyses of covariance indicated that these 32 long-term caregivers had statistically significant (p < 0.05) elevations on three circulating biomarkers of inflammation – C-reactive protein, Interleukin-6, and D-dimer – compared 1) to their 32 individually-matched non-caregiving controls, and 2) to the 248 caregivers who had been providing care for less than 9 years. Covariates in the analytic models included age, sex, race, and body mass index. Similar effects were observed for caregivers of persons with or without dementia. Polynomial regression models across all caregivers revealed significant curvilinear associations of inflammation with caregiving duration. Inflammation was not markedly elevated throughout the first several years of caregiving but then begin to increase more dramatically at around 10 years of caregiving. These findings suggest that long-term caregiving, in particular, may be associated with specific physical health risks through chronically elevated systemic inflammation.

scholarly journals IMMUNOLOGICAL MARKERS OF LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1S) ◽  
pp. 84-86
Author(s):  
S A Krynskiy ◽  
I K Malashenkova ◽  
N A Hailov ◽  
D P Ogurtsov ◽  
E I Chekulaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Effect Of Therapy ◽  
Risk Of Progression ◽  
Immunological Examination ◽  
Neurotrophic Therapy

The goal of this research was to study the clinical efficacy of course-based neurotrophic therapy in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the effect of therapy on immune parameters in patients, and to assess the prognostic value of the dynamics of immune parameters during the year after treatment. 20 patients with MCI receiving intravenous Cerebrolysin (20 infusions of 30 ml with increasing dose during the first four days) were examined. Neuropsychological and immunological examination was carried out immediately before the study, after 3 months., 6 months and after 1 year after the end of treatment. It was found that after therapy, patients had a long-term decrease in the severity of systemic inflammatory response, and that marked signs of systemic inflammation at the beginning of follow-up combined with a persistent decrease in the level of immunoglobulin G in dynamics were prognostic markers of MCI progression. In conclusion, it wass shown that neurotrophic therapy has a good clinical effect and has a favorable immunomodulatory effect in aMCI, and the relationship between the dynamics of humoral immunity and systemic inflammation and the risk of progression of cognitive impairment in patients within 1 year after therapy was established.

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