Depression Case Finding in Individuals with Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 937-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra S. Goodarzi ◽  
Bria S. Mele ◽  
Derek J. Roberts ◽  
Jayna Holroyd-Leduc
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Finding

Chest radiography for active tuberculosis case finding in the homeless: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1231-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Paquette ◽  
M. P. Cheng ◽  
M. J. Kadatz ◽  
V. J. Cook ◽  
W. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Case

scholarly journals Accuracy of potential diagnostic indicators for coeliac disease: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e038994
Author(s):  
Martha Maria Christine Elwenspoek ◽  
Joni Jackson ◽  
Sarah Dawson ◽  
Hazel Everitt ◽  
Peter Gillett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Endoscopic Biopsy ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Registration Number

IntroductionCoeliac disease (CD) is a systemic immune-mediated disorder triggered by gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. CD is diagnosed using a combination of serology tests and endoscopic biopsy of the small intestine. However, because of non-specific symptoms and heterogeneous clinical presentation, diagnosing CD is challenging. Early detection of CD through improved case-finding strategies can improve the response to a gluten-free diet, patients’ quality of life and potentially reduce the risk of complications. However, there is a lack of consensus in which groups may benefit from active case-finding.Methods and analysisWe will perform a systematic review to determine the accuracy of diagnostic indicators (such as symptoms and risk factors) for CD in adults and children, and thus can help identify patients who should be offered CD testing. MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science will be searched from 1997 until 2020. Screening will be performed in duplicate. Data extraction will be performed by one and checked by a second reviewer. Disagreements will be resolved through discussion or referral to a third reviewer. We will produce a narrative summary of identified prediction models. Studies, where 2×2 data can be extracted or reconstructed, will be treated as diagnostic accuracy studies, that is, the diagnostic indicators are the index tests and CD serology and/or biopsy is the reference standard. For each diagnostic indicator, we will perform a bivariate random-effects meta-analysis of the sensitivity and specificity.Ethics and disseminationResults will be reported in peer-reviewed journals, academic and public presentations and social media. We will convene an implementation panel to advise on the optimum strategy for enhanced dissemination. We will discuss findings with Coeliac UK to help with dissemination to patients. Ethical approval is not applicable, as this is a systematic review and no research participants will be involved.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020170766.

scholarly journals Prediction Models for Future High-Need High-Cost Healthcare Use: a Systematic Review

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula W. de Ruijter ◽  
Z. L. Rana Kaplan ◽  
Wichor M. Bramer ◽  
Frank Eijkenaar ◽  
Daan Nieboer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Prognostic Models ◽  
Healthcare Use

Abstract Background In an effort to improve both quality of care and cost-effectiveness, various care-management programmes have been developed for high-need high-cost (HNHC) patients. Early identification of patients at risk of becoming HNHC (i.e. case finding) is crucial to a programme’s success. We aim to systematically identify prediction models predicting future HNHC healthcare use in adults, to describe their predictive performance and to assess their applicability. Methods Ovid MEDLINE® All, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science and Google Scholar were systematically searched from inception through January 31, 2021. Risk of bias and methodological quality assessment was performed through the Prediction model Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST). Results Of 5890 studies, 60 studies met inclusion criteria. Within these studies, 313 unique models were presented using a median development cohort size of 20,248 patients (IQR 5601–174,242). Predictors were derived from a combination of data sources, most often claims data (n = 37; 62%) and patient survey data (n = 29; 48%). Most studies (n = 36; 60%) estimated patients’ risk to become part of some top percentage of the cost distribution (top-1–20%) within a mean time horizon of 16 months (range 12–60). Five studies (8%) predicted HNHC persistence over multiple years. Model validation was performed in 45 studies (76%). Model performance in terms of both calibration and discrimination was reported in 14 studies (23%). Overall risk of bias was rated as ‘high’ in 40 studies (67%), mostly due to a ‘high’ risk of bias in the subdomain ‘Analysis’ (n = 37; 62%). Discussion This is the first systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42020164734) of non-proprietary prognostic models predicting HNHC healthcare use. Meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity. Most identified models estimated a patient’s risk to incur high healthcare expenditure during the subsequent year. However, case-finding strategies for HNHC care-management programmes are best informed by a model predicting HNHC persistence. Therefore, future studies should not only focus on validating and extending existing models, but also concentrate on clinical usefulness.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis outbreaks among students in mainland China: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongdan Bao ◽  
Kui Liu ◽  
Zikang Wu ◽  
Xiaomeng Wang ◽  
Chengliang Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Middle Schools ◽  
Attack Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Index Cases

Abstract Background In recent years, tuberculosis outbreaks in schools have occurred more frequently in China than in other parts of the world, and have posed a public health threat to students and their families. This systematic review aimed to understand the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis (TB) outbreaks and analyze the factors associated with TB outbreaks in schools in China. Methods We conducted this systematic review following the standard procedures of the Cochrane Collaboration and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis statement. The meta-analysis was performed with STATA using a random effects model. Results We included 107 studies involving 1795 student patients with TB in mainland China. The results of the systematic analysis indicated that TB outbreaks were more frequently reported in senior middle schools and in Eastern China. The outbreaks mainly occurred during the winter and spring, and the median outbreak duration was 4 months. The meta-analysis showed that the total attack rate and the class attack rate of tuberculosis outbreaks among students were 4.60% (95% CI 3.80 to 5.70%) and 22.70% (95% CI 19.20 to 27.00%), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that outbreaks that occurred at universities or colleges had a relatively higher attack rate than those occurred in senior middle schools. The prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among close contacts was 23.70% (95% CI 19.50 to 28.90%). The median case-finding interval was 2 months, and 47.40% of the index cases had a case-finding delay. Conclusion The results of our review indicated that school TB outbreaks were reported most frequently in senior middle schools in China. The attack rates of outbreaks at universities or colleges were higher than those in senior middle schools. The TB outbreaks in schools usually occurred over prolonged periods. The case-finding delay in the index cases must be reduced to prevent transmission in classes and schools. Effective surveillance and screening of presumptive TB cases in schools should be strengthened to reduce outbreaks in schools.

scholarly journals Self-collection of samples as an additional approach to deliver testing services for sexually transmitted infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. e001349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmin Ogale ◽  
Ping Teresa Yeh ◽  
Caitlin E Kennedy ◽  
Igor Toskin ◽  
Manjulaa Narasimhan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sti Testing ◽  
Additional Approach

BackgroundSelf-collection of samples for diagnostic testing offers the advantages of patient autonomy, confidentiality and convenience. Despite data showing their feasibility and accuracy, there is a need to better understand how to implement such interventions for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). To support WHO guidelines on self-care interventions, we conducted a systematic review to investigate whether self-collection of samples should be made available as an additional approach to deliver STI testing services.MethodsPeer-reviewed studies were included if they compared individuals who self-collected samples for chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis and/or trichomonas testing to individuals who had samples collected by clinicians on the following outcomes: uptake/frequency of STI testing, social harms/adverse events, positive yield (case finding), linkage to clinical assessment/treatment and reported sexual risk behaviour. We searched PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS and EMBASE for articles published through July 2018. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and the Evidence Project tool for non-RCTs. Meta-analysis was conducted using random effects models to generate pooled estimates of relative risk (RR).ResultsEleven studies, including five RCTs and six observational studies with a total of 202 745 participants, met inclusion criteria. Studies were conducted in Australia, Denmark and the USA. Meta-analysis found that programmes offering self-collection of samples increased overall uptake of STI testing services (RR: 2.941, 95% CI 1.188 to 7.281) and case finding (RR: 2.166, 95% CI 1.043 to 4.498). No studies reported measuring STI testing frequency, social harms/adverse events, linkage to care or sexual risk behaviour.DiscussionWhile greater diversity in study designs, outcomes and settings would strengthen the evidence base, findings from this review suggest that self-collection of STI samples could be an effective additional strategy to increase STI testing uptake.Prospero registration numberPROSPERO CRD42018114866.

scholarly journals Yield of HIV-associated tuberculosis during intensified case finding in resource-limited settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Kranzer ◽  
Rein MGJ Houben ◽  
Judith R Glynn ◽  
Linda-Gail Bekker ◽  
Robin Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Intensified Case Finding

scholarly journals Effectiveness of case finding strategies for COPD in primary care: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamil MM Haroon ◽  
Rachel E Jordan ◽  
Joanne O’Beirne-Elliman ◽  
Peymane Adab
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Finding

The effects of low-ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA on biomarkers of inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Wei ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Liyong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Long Chain

The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if low-ratio n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation affects serum inflammation markers based on current studies.

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