scholarly journals Using modern plant trait relationships between observed and theoretical maximum stomatal conductance and vein density to examine patterns of plant macroevolution

2015 ◽  
Vol 209 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. McElwain ◽  
Charilaos Yiotis ◽  
Tracy Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Vein Density ◽  
Theoretical Maximum ◽  
Plant Trait ◽  
Maximum Stomatal Conductance

scholarly journals Consistent Relationship between Field-Measured Stomatal Conductance and Theoretical Maximum Stomatal Conductance in C3 Woody Angiosperms in Four Major Biomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Murray ◽  
Wuu Kuang Soh ◽  
Charilaos Yiotis ◽  
Robert A. Spicer ◽  
Tracy Lawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Theoretical Maximum ◽  
Consistent Relationship ◽  
Maximum Stomatal Conductance

Altitude of origin influences stomatal conductance and therefore maximum assimilation rate in Southern Beech, Nothofagus cunninghamii

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Hovenden ◽  
Tim Brodribb
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Carboxylation Efficiency ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Carbon Assimilation Rate ◽  
Southern Beech ◽  
Maximum Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Leaf Biochemistry

Gas exchange measurements were made on saplings of Southern Beech, Nothofagus cunninghamii (Hook.) Oerst. collected from three altitudes (350, 780 and 1100 m above sea level) and grown in a common glasshouse trial. Plants were grown from cuttings taken 2 years earlier from a number of plants at each altitude in Mt Field National Park, Tasmania. Stomatal density increased with increasing altitude of origin, and stomatal con-ductance and carbon assimilation rate were linearly related across all samples. The altitude of origin influenced thestomatal conductance and therefore carbon assimilation rate, with plants from 780 m having a greater photosynthetic rate than those from 350 m. The intercellular concentration of CO2 as a ratio of external CO2 concentration (ci/ca) was similar in all plants despite the large variation in maximum stomatal conductance. Carboxylation efficiency was greater in plants from 780 m than in plants from 350 m. Altitude of origin has a strong influence on the photo-synthetic performance of N. cunninghamii plants even when grown under controlled conditions, and this influence is expressed in both leaf biochemistry (carboxylation efficiency) and leaf morphology (stomatal density).

scholarly journals Effects of major vein blockage and aquaporin inhibition on leaf hydraulics and stomatal conductance

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1904) ◽  
pp. 20190799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisanori Harayama ◽  
Mitsutoshi Kitao ◽  
Evgenios Agathokleous ◽  
Atsushi Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
First Order ◽  
Leaf Hydraulics ◽  
Vein Density ◽  
Stomatal Behaviour ◽  
Major Vein ◽  
Leaf Veins ◽  
Apoplastic Pathway

The density and architecture of leaf veins determine the network and efficiency of water transport within laminae and resultant leaf gas exchange and vary widely among plant species. Leaf hydraulic conductance ( K leaf ) can be regulated by vein architecture in conjunction with the water channel protein aquaporin. However, our understanding of how leaf veins and aquaporins affect leaf hydraulics and stomatal conductance ( g s ) remains poor. By inducing blockage of the major veins and inhibition of aquaporin activity using HgCl 2 , we examined the effects of major veins and aquaporins on K leaf and g s in species with different venation types. A vine species, with thick first-order veins and low vein density, displayed a rapidly declined g s with high leaf water potential in response to vein blockage and a greatly reduced K leaf and g s in response to aquaporin inhibition, suggesting that leaf aquaporins are involved in isohydric/anisohydric stomatal behaviour. Across species, the decline in K leaf and g s due to aquaporin inhibition increased linearly with decreasing major vein density, possibly indicating that a trade-off function between vein architecture (apoplastic pathway) and aquaporin activity (cell-to-cell pathway) affects leaf hydraulics.

Stomatal conductance scales with petiole xylem traits in Populus genotypes

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline A. Brocious ◽  
Uwe G. Hacke
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Vein Density ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Major Vein ◽  
Size And Morphology

Progress has been made in linking water transport in leaves with anatomical traits. However, most of our current knowledge about these links is based on studies that sampled phylogenetically distant species and covered a wide range of leaf size and morphology. Here we studied covariation of leaf anatomical traits and hydraulic capacity in five closely related hybrid poplar genotypes. Variation in stomatal conductance and leaf hydraulic conductance was not linked to vein density or other anatomical lamina properties. A strong correlation was found between stomatal conductance and the transport capacity of the petiole, estimated from the diameter and number of xylem vessels. An inverse relationship existed between leaf size and major vein density. The role of bundle sheath extensions is discussed. Our data suggests that petiole xylem is an important predictor of gas exchange capacity in poplar leaves.

scholarly journals Convergence in Maximum Stomatal Conductance of C3 Woody Angiosperms in Natural Ecosystems Across Bioclimatic Zones

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Murray ◽  
Wuu Kuang Soh ◽  
Charilaos Yiotis ◽  
Sven Batke ◽  
Andrew C. Parnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Maximum Stomatal Conductance

scholarly journals A continuum of stomatal responses to water deficits among 17 wine grape cultivars (Vitis vinifera)

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Levin ◽  
Larry E. Williams ◽  
Mark A. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Stomatal Behaviour ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Maximum Stomatal Conductance

Vitis vinifera L. cultivars have been previously classified as isohydric, near-isohydric, anisohydric or isohydrodynamic, depending on the study. To test the hypothesis that V. vinifera cultivars’ stomatal behaviour can be separated into distinct classes, 17 cultivars grown in a replicated field trial were subjected to three irrigation treatments to manipulate vine water status across multiple years. Predawn (ΨPD) and midday (Ψl) leaf water potential and midday stomatal conductance (gs) were measured regularly throughout several seasons. The relationship of gs to Ψl was best modelled as a sigmoidal function and maximum stomatal conductance (gmax), water status at the onset of stomatal closure (Ψl95), sensitivity of closure (gsensitivity) and water status at the end of closure (Ψl25) were compared. There were no significant differences in gmax among cultivars. Cultivar-specific responses of gs to Ψl were broadly distributed along a continuum based on the relationship between Ψl95 and gsensitivity. Season-long cultivar mean Ψl values were positively related to Ψl25. In general, cultivars responded similarly to one another at high and low water status, but their stomatal behaviour differed at moderate water deficits. The results show that V. vinifera cultivars possess both iso- and anisohydric stomatal behaviours that depend on the intensity of water deficits, and call into question previous classifications assuming a single behaviour.

High nitrogen addition decreases the ozone flux by reducing the maximum stomatal conductance in poplar saplings

2020 ◽  
pp. 115979
Author(s):  
Bo Shang ◽  
Yansen Xu ◽  
Jinlong Peng ◽  
Evgenios Agathokleous ◽  
Zhaozhong Feng
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Ozone Flux ◽  
Maximum Stomatal Conductance

scholarly journals Stomatal anatomy coordinates leaf size with Rubisco kinetics in the Balearic Limonium

AoB Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miquel À Conesa ◽  
Christopher D Muir ◽  
Arantzazu Molins ◽  
Jeroni Galmés
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Pavement Cells ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Maximum Stomatal Conductance

Abstract Trait integration arises through both selection on functional coordination and shared developmental pathways. Different anatomical components must both work well and develop together to generate individuals with the appropriate physiology to survive and reproduce in their environment. In this study, we used a common garden experiment and Bayesian multilevel models to test whether stomatal anatomy coordinates leaf gas exchange, Rubisco kinetics, and leaf size across 10 closely related species of Limonium from the Balearic Islands. The results indicate that the anatomical determinants of maximum stomatal conductance, stomatal density and size, were functionally coordinated with Rubisco kinetics – species whose stomatal anatomy was correlated with low stomatal conductance have evolved Rubisco enzymes better adapted to low operational chloroplastic CO2 concentrations. Lower stomatal density was associated with greater leaf size, which can be explained by a greater proportion of pavement cells in large-leaved species. These results suggest that both selection for functional coordination (stomata and Rubisco kinetics) and shared development pathways (stomatal density and leaf area) likely shape patterns of trait integration between species.

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