scholarly journals The contributions of apoplastic, symplastic and gas phase pathways for water transport outside the bundle sheath in leaves

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS N. BUCKLEY
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Bundle Sheath

scholarly journals The bundle sheath of rice is conditioned to play an active role in water transport as well as sulfur assimilation and jasmonic acid synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Hua ◽  
Sean R. Stevenson ◽  
Ivan Reyna‐Llorens ◽  
Haiyan Xiong ◽  
Stanislav Kopriva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Bundle Sheath ◽  
Sulfur Assimilation

Bulk, Surface, and Gas-Phase Limited Water Transport in Aerosol

2012 ◽  
Vol 116 (45) ◽  
pp. 10987-10998 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Davies ◽  
Allen E. Haddrell ◽  
Rachael E. H. Miles ◽  
Craig R. Bull ◽  
Jonathan P. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Bulk Surface

scholarly journals Bundle-sheath cell regulation of xylem-mesophyll water transport via aquaporins under drought stress: a target of xylem-borne ABA?

2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arava Shatil-Cohen ◽  
Ziv Attia ◽  
Menachem Moshelion
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Bundle Sheath ◽  
Sheath Cell ◽  
Cell Regulation ◽  
Bundle Sheath Cell

scholarly journals The bundle sheath of rice is conditioned to play an active role in water transport as well as sulfur assimilation and jasmonic acid synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Hua ◽  
Sean R. Stevenson ◽  
Ivan Reyna-Llorens ◽  
Haiyan Xiong ◽  
Stanislav Kopriva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Bundle Sheath ◽  
Last Common Ancestor ◽  
Bundle Sheath Cells ◽  
Sheath Cells

Abstract Leaves comprise multiple cell types but our knowledge of the patterns of gene expression that underpin their functional specialization is fragmentary. Our understanding and ability to undertake rational redesign of these cells is therefore limited. We aimed to identify genes associated with the incompletely understood bundle sheath of C3 plants, which represents a key target associated with engineering traits such as C4 photosynthesis into rice. To better understand veins, bundle sheath and mesophyll cells of rice we used laser capture microdissection followed by deep sequencing. Gene expression of the mesophyll is conditioned to allow coenzyme metabolism and redox homeostasis as well as photosynthesis. In contrast, the bundle sheath is specialized in water transport, sulphur assimilation and jasmonic acid biosynthesis. Despite the small chloroplast compartment of bundle sheath cells, substantial photosynthesis gene expression was detected. These patterns of gene expression were not associated with presence/absence of particular transcription factors in each cell type, but rather gradients in expression across the leaf. Comparative analysis with C3Arabidopsis identified a small gene-set preferentially expressed in bundle sheath cells of both species. This included genes encoding transcription factors from fourteen orthogroups, and proteins allowing water transport, sulphate assimilation and jasmonic acid synthesis. The most parsimonious explanation for our findings is that bundle sheath cells from the last common ancestor of rice and Arabidopsis was specialized in this manner, and since the species diverged these patterns of gene expression have been maintained. Significance statement The role of bundle sheath cells in C4 species have been studied intensively but this is not the case in leaves that use the ancestral C3 pathway. Here, we show that gene expression in the bundle sheath of rice is specialized to allow sulphate and nitrate reduction, water transport and jasmonate synthesis, and comparative analysis with Arabidopsis indicates ancient roles for bundle sheath cells in water transport, sulphur and jasmonate synthesis.

Residual Gas Reactions in the Electron Microscope: I. Qualitative Observations on the Water Gas Reaction

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 292-293
Author(s):  
Richard E. Hartman ◽  
Roberta S. Hartman ◽  
Peter L. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Absolute Temperature ◽  
Residual Gas ◽  
Gas Reactions ◽  
Image Position ◽  
The Right ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Thinning Rate

The action of water and the electron beam on organic specimens in the electron microscope results in the removal of oxidizable material (primarily hydrogen and carbon) by reactions similar to the water gas reaction .which has the form:The energy required to force the reaction to the right is supplied by the interaction of the electron beam with the specimen.The mass of water striking the specimen is given by:where u = gH2O/cm2 sec, PH2O = partial pressure of water in Torr, & T = absolute temperature of the gas phase. If it is assumed that mass is removed from the specimen by a reaction approximated by (1) and that the specimen is uniformly thinned by the reaction, then the thinning rate in A/ min iswhere x = thickness of the specimen in A, t = time in minutes, & E = efficiency (the fraction of the water striking the specimen which reacts with it).

Integration of Core-Edge Spectroscopy Methods for the Study of Polymers

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
E. G. Rightor
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Electronic States ◽  
Core Electron ◽  
Bulk Solids ◽  
Development Application

Core edge spectroscopy methods are versatile tools for investigating a wide variety of materials. They can be used to probe the electronic states of materials in bulk solids, on surfaces, or in the gas phase. This family of methods involves promoting an inner shell (core) electron to an excited state and recording either the primary excitation or secondary decay of the excited state. The techniques are complimentary and have different strengths and limitations for studying challenging aspects of materials. The need to identify components in polymers or polymer blends at high spatial resolution has driven development, application, and integration of results from several of these methods.

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