Automated discovery systems, part 1: Historical origins, main research programs, and methodological foundations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Giza
Keyword(s):  
Main Research ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
Automated Discovery ◽  
Historical Origins

Research Programs at the Carter Observatory: An Overview

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-164
Author(s):  
R. J. Dodd ◽  
W. Orchiston
Keyword(s):  
Binary Stars ◽  
Star Clusters ◽  
Variable Stars ◽  
Photometric System ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
Standard Star ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
History Of

AbstractAn outline is given of the main research programs currently in progress at the Carter Observatory. These include: the establishment of a set of standard star magnitudes and colours in the Vilnius seven-colour photometric system; the study of galactic and extragalactic star clusters using Vilnius and broadband photometries; binary stars and the development of APTs; and the history of Australasian astronomy. The role of Carter Observatory Honorary Research Associates is described and mention is made of the joint New Zealand/Japan program to observe gravitational microlensing effects, discover variable stars and patrol selected clusters of galaxies for supernovae.

Epilogue

2018 ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Ivan Moscati
Keyword(s):  
Research Trend ◽  
Utility Model ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Utility Measurement ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
Rank Dependent Utility ◽  
Experienced Utility ◽  
History Of ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Future Work

The epilogue reviews the key passages in the history of economists’ ideas, discussions, and research on the measurability of utility between 1870 and 1985 and points to three main research programs related to utility measurement in the post-1985 period. Researchers in the first program, such as Peter Wakker and Mohammed Abdellaoui, aim at measuring utility experimentally on the basis of some nonexpected utility model, such as the rank-dependent utility model. A second research trend, championed by Daniel Kahneman, has been concerned with the measurement of utility-related concepts, such as “experienced utility,” “remembered utility,” or “happiness.” Finally, neuroeconomists such as Paul Glimcher have interpreted the measurement of the activity of a specific population of neurons in the human brain as the measurement of utility. The epilogue briefly discusses the similarities and differences between these three post-1985 research programs concerning utility measurement but leaves to future work a detailed analysis.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Measurement Program at the Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (CNA), Spain

Radiocarbon ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 883-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Javier Santos Arévalo ◽  
Isabel Gómez Martínez ◽  
Manuel García León
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Sample Processing ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Reference Samples

In September 2005, an accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) system based on a 1MV Tandetron accelerator arrived at the Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (CNA). One of the main research programs for this AMS facility is based on radiocarbon. At the same time as the AMS facility was installed and tested, the 14C sample preparation laboratory was designed and set up. A graphitization line that allows the preparation of 5 samples in parallel was designed and built in October 2006. The first months were mainly dedicated to check and optimize all the sample processing. For such a task, several reference samples have been prepared and measured. Since the beginning of 2007, the laboratory has been fully operational and is currently performing as a service for the scientific community. During 2007, nearly 100 unknown samples were prepared and measured in our AMS system. Most of them were for dating purposes, but also other applications were investigated. The performance of the 14C laboratory and dating service will be shown, with some examples as illustration.

Social exchange processes, health behaviour, and health behaviour change

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
Urte Scholz ◽  
Rainer Hornung
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Exchange Processes ◽  
Multi Method Approach

Abstract. The main research areas of the Social and Health Psychology group at the Department of Psychology at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, are introduced. Exemplarily, three currently ongoing projects are described. The project ”Dyadic exchange processes in couples facing dementia” examines social exchanges in couples with the husband suffering from dementia and is based on Equity Theory. This project applies a multi-method approach by combining self-report with observational data. The ”Swiss Tobacco Monitoring System” (TMS) is a representative survey on smoking behaviour in Switzerland. Besides its survey character, the Swiss TMS also allows for testing psychological research questions on smoking with a representative sample. The project, ”Theory-based planning interventions for changing nutrition behaviour in overweight individuals”, elaborates on the concept of planning. More specifically, it is tested whether there is a critical amount of repetitions of a planning intervention (e.g., three or nine times) in order to ensure long-term effects.

The “dividend puzzle” and the Russian stock market. Part 1

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Abramov ◽  
A. D. Radygin ◽  
M. I. Chernova ◽  
R. M. Entov
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Dividend Policy ◽  
General Context ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Main Research ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Dividend Payments ◽  
Stock Market Performance ◽  
Dividend Irrelevance

This article analyzes the key patterns of the dividend policy and the problem of the “dividend puzzle” in the general context of the development of the stock market in Russia. The article consists of two parts.In the first part we summarize main research trends of dividend policy in modern economic theory (the classical Modigliani—Miller theory of dividend irrelevance, agent and signal hypotheses, the smoothing model, the catering theory, etc.). We emphasize the theoretical analysis of motivation of the largest Russian companies for profit allocation and dividend payout, based on a sample of 236 joint stock companies. Since 2012, a steady increase in dividend payments has been revealed in both private and state-owned enterprises (SOEs). The bulk of dividend payments from SOEs accounts for only 12 major companies. Along with an increase in the market value, dividends have become an important factor in the total return on shares. Under current conditions, the probability of paying dividends depends not only on the size of the company and indicators of its’ financial stability, but also on the presence of the state in the capital of companies. However, the relationship between the probability of paying dividends and state participation in the ownership structure is not universal and can be explained by specific factors that go beyond the classical dividend theories.In the second part we will analyze the patterns of stock market performance and dividend policy of the largest Russian companies, motivation for dividend payouts and special aspects of SOEs policy.

Borders, Conflicts and Bargaining in Federations and Communities of Governments

2009 ◽  
pp. 83-99
Author(s):  
A. Libman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Public Authority ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Distribution Of Power

Economic policy in the modern world can be treated as an outcome of interaction of multiple territorial centers of public authority: nation-states, subnational and supranational jurisdictions. In the last decades economics has increased its attention to the factors which influence the distribution of power among jurisdictions. The paper surveys two main research areas in this literature: economics of conflicts and theory of endogenous decentralization. It discusses the basic models of both approaches and their modifications applied in the literature as well as factors of conflict formation and bargaining over devolution.

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