Research Programs at the Carter Observatory: An Overview

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-164
Author(s):  
R. J. Dodd ◽  
W. Orchiston
Keyword(s):  
Binary Stars ◽  
Star Clusters ◽  
Variable Stars ◽  
Photometric System ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
Standard Star ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
History Of

AbstractAn outline is given of the main research programs currently in progress at the Carter Observatory. These include: the establishment of a set of standard star magnitudes and colours in the Vilnius seven-colour photometric system; the study of galactic and extragalactic star clusters using Vilnius and broadband photometries; binary stars and the development of APTs; and the history of Australasian astronomy. The role of Carter Observatory Honorary Research Associates is described and mention is made of the joint New Zealand/Japan program to observe gravitational microlensing effects, discover variable stars and patrol selected clusters of galaxies for supernovae.

scholarly journals The diverse lives of progenitors of hydrogen-rich core-collapse supernovae: the role of binary interaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 631 ◽  
pp. A5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanouil Zapartas ◽  
Selma E. de Mink ◽  
Stephen Justham ◽  
Nathan Smith ◽  
Alex de Koter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binary Stars ◽  
Binary Interaction ◽  
Core Collapse ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Population Synthesis ◽  
Binary Channel ◽  
History Of ◽  
Binary Channels

Hydrogen-rich supernovae, known as Type II (SNe II), are the most common class of explosions observed following the collapse of the core of massive stars. We used analytical estimates and population synthesis simulations to assess the fraction of SNe II progenitors that are expected to have exchanged mass with a companion prior to explosion. We estimate that 1/3 to 1/2 of SN II progenitors have a history of mass exchange with a binary companion before exploding. The dominant binary channels leading to SN II progenitors involve the merger of binary stars. Mergers are expected to produce a diversity of SN II progenitor characteristics, depending on the evolutionary timing and properties of the merger. Alternatively, SN II progenitors from interacting binaries may have accreted mass from their companion, and subsequently been ejected from the binary system after their companion exploded. We show that the overall fraction of SN II progenitors that are predicted to have experienced binary interaction is robust against the main physical uncertainties in our models. However, the relative importance of different binary evolutionary channels is affected by changing physical assumptions. We further discuss ways in which binarity might contribute to the observed diversity of SNe II by considering potential observational signatures arising from each binary channel. For supernovae which have a substantial H-rich envelope at explosion (i.e., excluding Type IIb SNe), a surviving non-compact companion would typically indicate that the supernova progenitor star was in a wide, non-interacting binary. We argue that a significant fraction of even Type II-P SNe are expected to have gained mass from a companion prior to explosion.

scholarly journals The Role of Wide Field X-ray Surveys in Astronomy

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (H16) ◽  
pp. 669-670
Author(s):  
Richard D. Saxton
Keyword(s):  
High Variability ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
Tidal Disruption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sky Survey ◽  
History Of ◽  
X Ray Background ◽  
Rare Classes

AbstractWe review the history of X-ray sky surveys from the early experiments to the catalogues of 105 sources produced by ROSAT, Chandra and XMM-Newton. At bright fluxes the X-ray sky is shared between stars, accreting binaries and extragalactic sources while deeper surveys are dominated by AGN and clusters of galaxies. The X-ray background, found by the earliest missions, has been largely resolved into discrete sources at soft (0.3-2 keV) energies but at higher energies an important fraction still escapes detection. The possible identification of the missing flux with Compton-thick AGN has been probed in recent years by Swift and Integral.Variability seen in objects observed at different epochs has proved to be an excellent discriminator for rare classes of objects. The comparison of ROSAT All Sky Survey (RASS) and ROSAT pointed observations identified several Novae and high variability AGN as well as initiating the observational study of Tidal Disruption events. More recently the XMM-Newton slew survey, in conjunction with archival RASS data, has detected further examples of flaring objects which have been followed-up in near-real time at other wavelengths.

The Path of Historian’s Life: to the 90th Anniversary of Academician Alexander Chubaryan

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11 (109)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Velikhan Mirzekhanov
Keyword(s):  
Historical Background ◽  
Intellectual Biography ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Science Diplomacy ◽  
90Th Anniversary ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article is dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the eminent Russian historian and science manager, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Alexander O. Chubaryan. The article provides overview of the scholar’s scientific activities against a broad historical background, reveals the main episodes of his intellectual biography. The article analyzes the main research directions of Alexander Chubaryan, characterizes his activities as a science manager, in particular as a director of the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Serious attention is paid to the role of Alexander Chubaryan in establishing international relations of the Institute, the development of science diplomacy, strengthening contacts with foreign colleagues and organizations.

scholarly journals Commission 42: Close Binaries

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (T26A) ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
Alvaro Giménez ◽  
Slavek Rucinski ◽  
P. Szkody ◽  
D. Gies ◽  
Y.-W. Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binary Stars ◽  
Cataclysmic Variables ◽  
Variable Stars ◽  
Close Binary ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Close Binaries ◽  
Information Bulletin ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Web

The triennial report from Commission 42 covers various topics like massive binaries, contact systems, cataclysmic variables and low-mass binary stars. We try in a number of sections to provide an update on the current status of the main research areas in the field of close binaries. It is not a formal review, even complete or comprehensive, but an attempt to bring the main topics on recent research to astronomers working in other fields. References are also not comprehensive and simply added to the text to help the reader looking for deeper information on the subject. For this reason, we have chosen to include references (sometimes incomplete for ongoing work) not in a list at the end but integrated with the main text body. Complete references and additional sources can be easily obtained through web access of ADS or SIMBAD. Furthermore, the summary of papers on close-binary research contained in the Bibliography of Close Binaries (BCB) can be accessed from the web site of Commission 42. I would like to express the gratitude of the commission for the careful work of Colin Scarfe as Editor-in-Chief of BCB and Andras Holl and Attila Sragli for maintaining the web pages of the Commission within the structure of Division V. Finally, K. Olah and J. Jurcsik are gratefully acknowledged for their continued support as editors of the Information Bulletin on Variable Stars (IBVS), also accessible through the commission web page.

scholarly journals The impact of graphic works of Giovanni Battista Piranesi upon the formation of conceptual architecture and real architectural space

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Aleksei Yur'evich Lysenkov ◽  
Liliya Faatovna Lysenkova
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Architectural Space ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Art And Architecture

The subject of this research is the graphic heritage of the prominent Venetian master of the XVIII century Giovanni Battista Piranesi. The goal consists in examination of the role of Piranesi’s heritage in history of art and architecture. The author demonstrates the key milestones of his creative path, reveals the fundamental conceptual questions and themes of his graphic compositions. The defining influence of the depicted architectural compositions of Piranesi on the formation of one or another architectural object is viewed on the particular historical examples. The main research method consists in drawing parallels and designation of continuity of architectural ideas between the works of Giovanni Battista Piranesi and such architects successors as Joseph Paxton, Antonio Sant'Elia, Tony Garnier, Pietro di Gottardo Gonzaga, Ivan Leonidov, etc. The scientific novelty and practical importance of the article lies in tracing the trajectory of influence of the ideas, themes and architectural-spatial solutions of the great aquafortist upon his contemporaries and all following generations of architects. Particular historical examples demonstrate the defining influence of the depicted architectural compositions of Piranesi on the formation of one or another architectural object, as well as the emergence of famous conceptual architectural projects (including projects-utopias) in historical retrospective until the present time.

scholarly journals The Role of Binaries in Cluster Dynamics

1974 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 225-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Heggie
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrum ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Binary Stars ◽  
Star Clusters ◽  
Numerical Techniques

There is considerable empirical evidence on the behaviour of binary stars in computer simulations of isolated star clusters. Even when there are no binaries initially they form quickly if the mass spectrum of the stars is reasonably realistic. These phenomena are discussed by a combination of analytical and numerical techniques.

scholarly journals Future of the General Catalogue of Variable Stars from the Experience of Recent Name-lists

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
Nikolay N. Samus ◽  
Elena V. Kazarovets ◽  
Olga V. Durlevich ◽  
Natalia N. Kireeva ◽  
Elena N. Pastukhova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Globular Clusters ◽  
Variable Star ◽  
Star Clusters ◽  
Positional Information ◽  
Variable Stars ◽  
Photometric Data ◽  
Star Data ◽  
General Catalogue ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of

Abstract We briefly outline the history of the General Catalogue of Variable Stars (GCVS) and the New Catalogue of Suspected Variable Stars (NSV catalogue). Recently, we have completed a revision of the NSV catalogue. Positional information was checked for all its stars and, in many cases, new photometric data were added. As a result, one third of all NSV stars have been transferred to the GCVS. Having determined equatorial coordinates for variable stars in globular star clusters, we began to add them to the GCVS. Two Name-lists published so far contain more than 1700 variable stars in 36 globular clusters; an additional Name-list (about 900 variable stars in 27 globular clusters) will be published before the end of 2021. We discuss problem cases in the literature and in the Catalogue of Variable Stars in Galactic Globular Clusters revealed during our preparation of the Name-lists. The future of traditional catalogues of variable stars (GCVS; AAVSO Variable-star Data Index VSX) is discussed.

scholarly journals Role of RNA Oxidation in Neurodegenerative Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 5022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziqian Liu ◽  
Xiatian Chen ◽  
Zhe Li ◽  
Wei Ye ◽  
Hongyan Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Death Studies ◽  
Rna Oxidation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nucleic Acid Research ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

In the history of nucleic acid research, DNA has always been the main research focus. After the sketch of the human genome was completed in 2000, RNA has been started to gain more attention due to its abundancies in the cell and its essential role in cellular physiology and pathologies. Recent studies have shown that RNAs are susceptible to oxidative damage and oxidized RNA is able to break the RNA strand, and affect the protein synthesis, which can lead to cell degradation and cell death. Studies have shown that RNA oxidation is one of the early events in the formation and development of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, its molecular mechanism, as well as its impact on these diseases, are still unclear. In this article, we review the different types of RNA oxidative damage and the neurodegenerative diseases that are reported to be associated with RNA oxidative damage. In addition, we discuss recent findings on the association between RNA oxidative damage and the development of neurodegenerative diseases, which will have great significance for the development of novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of these diseases.

Epilogue

2018 ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Ivan Moscati
Keyword(s):  
Research Trend ◽  
Utility Model ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Utility Measurement ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
Rank Dependent Utility ◽  
Experienced Utility ◽  
History Of ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Future Work

The epilogue reviews the key passages in the history of economists’ ideas, discussions, and research on the measurability of utility between 1870 and 1985 and points to three main research programs related to utility measurement in the post-1985 period. Researchers in the first program, such as Peter Wakker and Mohammed Abdellaoui, aim at measuring utility experimentally on the basis of some nonexpected utility model, such as the rank-dependent utility model. A second research trend, championed by Daniel Kahneman, has been concerned with the measurement of utility-related concepts, such as “experienced utility,” “remembered utility,” or “happiness.” Finally, neuroeconomists such as Paul Glimcher have interpreted the measurement of the activity of a specific population of neurons in the human brain as the measurement of utility. The epilogue briefly discusses the similarities and differences between these three post-1985 research programs concerning utility measurement but leaves to future work a detailed analysis.

THE ROLE OF THE KRASNOYARSK BRANCH OF THE AZERBAIJANI YOUTH ORGANIZATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-66
Author(s):  
Valeriia Chistova ◽  
◽  
Natalia Pimenova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Youth Organization ◽  
History Of ◽  
Content Information

The article is devoted to the analysis of the activities of the Krasnoyarsk branch of the Azerbaijani youth organization of Russia – “AMOR” and the role of this organization in the preservation of Azerbaijani culture on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. The article examines the history and culture of the Azerbaijani ethnic group on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Krai, as well as the history of creation and the main goals of the organization “AMOR” and the Krasnoyarsk branch, in particular. As the main research methods, the method of “content analysis” and the method of “interview” were chosen to form an idea of the activities of the Krasnoyarsk branch of “AMOR”. During the research, the content (information posts, photos, video materials, etc.) of the organization’s official pages on social networks was studied, on the basis of which the main cultural and social practices carried out by the organization were identified, which contribute to the preservation and maintenance of the traditions of Azerbaijani culture. Furthermore, the article presents the results of interview with a member of “AMOR”, which confirm the results obtained in the course of content analysis of materials published on social networks. As a result, it turned out that the cultural events held by the Krasnoyarsk branch of the Azerbaijan Youth Organization of Russia contribute to the preservation of culture and the maintenance of the traditions of the Azerbaijani ethnic group in the Krasnoyarsk Krai. Moreover, this organization also performs important social functions, holding various public, charitable and educational events, as well as cooperating with representatives of local authorities and with national-cultural associations of the region, in order to maintain favorable relations between all ethnic groups living in the Krasnoyarsk Krai.

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