Turgor loss point and vulnerability to xylem embolism predict species‐specific risk of drought‐induced decline of urban trees

Accurate predictions of species distribution under current and future climate conditions require modeling efforts based on clear mechanistic relationships between climate variables and plant physiological functions. Vulnerability of leaves to xylem embolism is a key mechanistic trait that might be included in these modeling efforts. Here, we propose a simple set-up to measure leaf vulnerability to embolism on the basis of the optical method using a smartphone, a light source, and a notebook. Our data show that this proposed set-up can adequately quantify the vulnerability to xylem embolism of leaf major veins in Populus nigra and Ostrya carpinifolia, producing values consistent with those obtained in temperate tree species with other methods, allowing virtually any laboratory to quantify species-specific drought tolerance on the basis of a sound mechanistic trait.

Download Full-text

Corynebacteriumendocarditis species-specific risk factors and outcomes

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/1471-2334-7-4 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Jaime Belmares ◽

Stephanie Detterline ◽

Janet B Pak ◽

Jorge P Parada

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Specific Risk ◽

Species Specific

Download Full-text

Establishing Maximum Size Expectations for Urban Trees with Regard to Designed Space

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry ◽

10.48044/jauf.2013.010 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Jessica Sanders ◽

Jason Grabosky ◽

Paul Cowie

Keyword(s):

Urban Landscape ◽

Maximum Size ◽

Tree Canopy ◽

Urban Trees ◽

Tree Age ◽

Site Type ◽

Large Size ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Species Specific ◽

Site Types

One issue confronting the application of forest management principles to urban tree canopy management decisions is the lack of data correlating site, tree size, and tree age. Researchers tested whether terminal size (stem diameter) can be linked to site type for informed management and design decisions. Data were considered from eleven New Jersey, U.S. communities. Diameter breast height (DBH) distribution established regionalized service life expectancies of commonly planted species by site type and expected maximum DBH. The goal was to develop a method to identify trees approaching senescence within an inventory. Three common urban landscape site types were used: tree pit, planting strip, and unlimited soil. Thirty-one taxa were present in large enough populations to use in species-specific analysis. The species were classified into small, medium, and large size categories based on published growth expectations. The study authors developed DBH occurrence percentiles, and DBH within the ninety-fifth were described as a maximum size range. There was a significant difference in maximum sizes between planting site types. Regardless of the size class of the tree, the data showed reduced planting space resulted in reduced maximum size.

Download Full-text

Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species in bulk milk: Prevalence, distribution, and associated subgroup- and species-specific risk factors

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.2016-11476 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 100 (1) ◽

pp. 629-642 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

A. De Visscher ◽

S. Piepers ◽

F. Haesebrouck ◽

K. Supré ◽

S. De Vliegher

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽

Bulk Milk ◽

Specific Risk ◽

Species Specific

Download Full-text

Intraspecific drought tolerance of Betula pendula genotypes: an evaluation using leaf turgor loss in a botanical collection

Trees ◽

10.1007/s00468-020-02059-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Simon Hannus ◽

Andrew Hirons ◽

Timothy Baxter ◽

Hugh A. McAllister ◽

Björn Wiström ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Betula Pendula ◽

Potential Evapotranspiration ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Urban Trees ◽

Collection Site ◽

Turgor Loss Point ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Botanical Collection

Abstract Key message The results showed a significant relationship between the potential evapotranspiration of the provenance collection site and the leaf turgor loss point and significant positive differences in drought tolerance between provenances and subspecies of B. pendula. Abstract The ecosystem services provided by urban trees make substantial contributions to the quality of urban living and securing resilience towards the challenges posed by a changing climate. Water deficits are a major abiotic stress for trees in urban environments and, in many regions, this stress is likely to be amplified under future climate scenarios. Although wide variation in drought tolerance exists at the species level, many species also show substantial intraspecific variation in drought tolerance. The aim of this study is to evaluate how drought tolerance, inferred from the water potential at leaf turgor loss point (ΨP0), varies in Betula pendula from different geographical origins and determine if the observed drought tolerance can be related to the local climate and seasonal water balance from the provenance of origin, despite the trees now being established in similar soil and climatic conditions within a single botanical collection. Six subsp. betula, five subsp. mandshurica and two subsp. szechuanica were evaluated, giving a total of 12 different provenances. The results showed a significant relationship between the potential evapotranspiration of the provenance collection site and the leaf turgor loss point and significant positive differences in drought tolerance between provenances and subspecies of B. pendula. By directing efforts towards identifying more drought-tolerant genotypes, it will be possible to diversify the palette of trees that could confidently be integrated by urban tree planners and landscape architects into the urban landscape. The results of this study on different ecotypes of B. pendula clearly show that it is possible to find more drought-tolerant plant material.

Download Full-text