scholarly journals No association between perceived exertion and session duration with hamstring injury occurrence in professional football

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Lolli ◽  
Roald Bahr ◽  
Matthew Weston ◽  
Rodney Whiteley ◽  
Montassar Tabben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Session Duration ◽  
Injury Occurrence

scholarly journals A Novel Approach to Training Monotony and Acute-Chronic Workload Index: A Comparative Study in Soccer

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Afonso ◽  
Fábio Yuzo Nakamura ◽  
Rui Canário-Lemos ◽  
Rafael Peixoto ◽  
Cátia Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Load Management ◽  
Redundant Information ◽  
Monitoring Tool ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Session Duration ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Training Specificity ◽  
Orientation Session

Load is a multifactorial construct, but usually reduced to parameters of volume and intensity. In the last decades, other constructs have been proposed for assessing load, but also relying on relationships between volume and intensity. For example, Foster's Training Monotony has been used in athletes' load management simply by computing mean weekly load divided by its standard deviation, often multiplied by session rate of perceived exertion. Meanwhile, the Acute to Chronic Workload Ratio (ACWR) has been debated by the sport scientists as a useful monitoring metric and related to so-called injury prevention. None of these models includes parameters that are representative of training specificity, namely load orientation. The aim of this study is to present broader conceptual approaches translated by new indices for assessing Intraweek Training Monotony (ITM) and Acute to Chronic Workload Index (ACWI) while incorporating load orientation, session duration and weekly density (frequency normalized) in addition to parameters related to proxies of external and/or internal load. Our ITM and Foster's Training Monotony were similar in terms of average values, but very different for individualized analysis, illustrating how average values may be deceiving. While Foster's model provided clusters of values, ITM provided more scattered, individualized data. ACWI and ACWR provided very distinct qualitative information, and the two models were uncorrelated. Therefore, the models incorporating training load orientation presented in this study provide distinct and not redundant information when compared to previous models. More importantly, ITM and ACWI are metrics that are compatible to each other and might fit to coaches' monitoring targets in the short and medium terms, respectively. Because our models include several parameters, including load orientation, we contend that might provide a more complete monitoring tool. However, we suggest they are used for intraindividual comparisons and not so strongly for interindividual comparisons.

scholarly journals Return-to-Play Practices Following Hamstring Injury: A Worldwide Survey of 131 Premier League Football Teams

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Dunlop ◽  
Clare L. Ardern ◽  
Thor Einar Andersen ◽  
Colin Lewin ◽  
Gregory Dupont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Key Stakeholders

Abstract Purpose Return-to-play (RTP) is an on-going challenge in professional football. Return-to-play related research is increasing. However, it is unknown to what extent the recommendations presented within research are being implemented by professional football teams, and where there are gaps between research and practice. The purposes of this study were (1) to determine if premier-league football teams worldwide follow a RTP continuum, (2) to identify RTP criteria used and (3) to understand how RTP decision-making occurs in applied practice. Methods We sent a structured online survey to practitioners responsible for the RTP programme in 310 professional teams from 34 premier-leagues worldwide. The survey comprised four sections, based on hamstring muscle injury: (1) criteria used throughout RTP phases, (2) the frequency with which progression criteria were achieved, (3) RTP decision-making process and (4) challenges to decision-making. Results One-hundred and thirty-one teams responded with a completed survey (42%). One-hundred and twenty-four teams (95%) used a continuum to guide RTP, assessing a combination of clinical, functional and psychological criteria to inform decisions to progress. One-hundred and five (80%) teams reported using a shared decision-making approach considering the input of multiple stakeholders. Team hierarchy, match- and player-related factors were common challenges perceived to influence decision-making. Conclusions General research recommendations for RTP and the beliefs and practices of practitioners appear to match with, the majority of teams assessing functional, clinical and psychological criteria throughout a RTP continuum to inform decision-making which is also shared among key stakeholders. However, specific criteria, metrics and thresholds used, and the specific involvement, dynamics and interactions of staff during decision-making are not clear.

scholarly journals Variations of Workload Indices Prior to Injuries: A Study in Trail Runners

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Matos ◽  
Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽  
Rui Silva ◽  
José María Cancela Carral
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
External Load ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Injury Occurrence ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
And Training

The purpose of this study was to compare the variations of weekly workload indices of internal and external load measures across the three weeks prior to injury occurrences in trail runners. Twenty-five trail runners (age: 36.23 ± 8.30 years old; body mass: 67.24 ± 5.97 kg; height: 172.12 ± 5.12 cm) were monitored daily for 52 weeks using global positioning systems (GPSs) to determine the total distance covered. Additionally, a rate of perceived exertion (RPE) scale was applied to determine session-RPE (sRPE: RPE multiplied by training time). The accumulated load (AL), acute: chronic workload ratio (ACWR), training monotony (TM), and training strain (TS) indices were calculated weekly for each runner. During the period of analysis, the injury occurrences were recorded. The differences were observed in AL and ACWR for sRPE and training time were significantly greater during the injury week when compared to the previous weeks. Similar evidence was found in TM and TS indices for sRPE, training time, and total distance. Furthermore, no meaningful differences were observed in AL and ACWR for total distance in the weeks prior to injury occurrence. Nevertheless, significant between-subjects variability was found, and this should be carefully considered. For that reason, an individualized analysis of the workload dynamics is recommended, avoiding greater spikes in load by aiming to keep a progressive increment of load without consequences for injury risk.

scholarly journals The current landscape of youth multi-sport training: athlete and parent insight data

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110418
Author(s):  
Nicola J Robinson ◽  
Stephen J McQuilliam ◽  
Timothy F Donovan ◽  
Carl Langan-Evans ◽  
Amy Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Sport Training ◽  
Session Duration ◽  
Weekly Training ◽  
Sport Mode

The intent to improve a youth athlete’s ability is developed through structured focused training in the competencies within their sport. To date there is little evidence around how multi-discipline youth athletes organise their training load (TL) outlook in a multitude of sports. The aim of this study was to analyse the daily TL, distribution and wellness in aspiring 10-15yr old pentathletes (n = 31) over 152 ± 35 days. Athletes completed daily reports documenting sport mode, session duration, session rate of perceived exertion (sRPE) and wellness (sleep, stress, mood, fatigue, muscle soreness). Parental understanding of training periodisation was used to contextualise the athletes training patterns (n = 15) through semi-structured interviews. Weekly training duration was 5 h 59 min ± 3 h 38 min. The swimming discipline dominates the overall time spent training (50.5%). Pentathlon specific TL was significantly higher in the 14–15 yrs (3000 ± 1207 AUT) in comparison to 10–11 yrs (1837 ± 874 AUT). Weekly micro TL fluctuations showed significant peaks on the weekend compared to Tuesday and Friday (p < 0.05). Wellness scores were significantly worse on Monday to Wednesdays (p < 0.05), compared to Fridays. Parent interviews suggest a multitude of coach input from solo disciplines over a typical week, with little inter-coach discussions. In conclusion there is little structure on a micro or macro level in youth pentathletes training showing multiple-coach input with little coach crossover. Implications for the training/competition is based around convenience/holidays/availability of resources rather than overall individual development, which suggests the potential need for an early specialisation approach to support athletes within this style of multi-discipline sport.

Player Session Rating of Perceived Exertion: A More Valid Tool Than Coaches’ Ratings to Monitor Internal Training Load in Elite Youth Female Basketball

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corrado Lupo ◽  
Alexandru Nicolae Ungureanu ◽  
Riccardo Frati ◽  
Matteo Panichi ◽  
Simone Grillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Maximal Intensity ◽  
Session Duration ◽  
Post Hoc

Purpose: To monitor elite youth female basketball training to verify whether players’ and coaches’ (3 technical coaches and 1 physical trainer) session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE) has a relationship with Edwards’ method. Methods: Heart rate of 15 elite youth female basketball players (age 16.7 [0.5] y, height 178 [9] cm, body mass 72 [9] kg, body mass index 22.9 [2.2] kg·m−2) was monitored during 19 team (268 individual) training sessions (102 [15] min). Mixed effect models were applied to evaluate whether s-RPE values were significantly (P ≤ .05) related to Edwards’ data, total session duration, maximal intensity (session duration at 90–100% HRmax), type of training (ie, strength, conditioning, and technique), and whether differences emerged between players’ and coaches’ s-RPE values. Results: The results showed that there is a relationship between s-RPE and Edwards’ methods for the players’ RPE scores (P = .019) but not for those of the trainers. In addition, as expected, both players’ (P = .014) and coaches’ (P = .002) s-RPE scores were influenced by total session duration but not by maximal intensity and type of training. In addition, players’ and coaches’ s-RPE values differed (P < .001)—post hoc differences emerged for conditioning (P = .01) and technique (P < .001) sessions. Conclusions: Elite youth female basketball players are better able to quantify the internal training load of their sessions than their coaches, strengthening the validity of s-RPE as a tool to monitor training in team sports.

scholarly journals Time before return to play for the most common injuries in professional football: a 16-year follow-up of the UEFA Elite Club Injury Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 421-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Ekstrand ◽  
Werner Krutsch ◽  
Armin Spreco ◽  
Wart van Zoest ◽  
Craig Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
Injury Occurrence ◽  
European Football

ObjectivesThe objective was to describe the typical duration of absence following the most common injury diagnoses in professional football.MethodsInjuries were registered by medical staff members of football clubs participating in the Union of European Football Association Elite Club Injury Study. Duration of absence due to an injury was defined by the number of days that passed between the date of the injury occurrence and the date when the medical team allowed the player to return to full participation. In total, 22 942 injuries registered during 494 team-seasons were included in the study.ResultsThe 31 most common injury diagnoses constituted a total of 78 % of all reported injuries. Most of these injuries were either mild (leading to a median absence of 7 days or less, 6440 cases = 42%) or moderate (median absence: 7–28 days, 56% = 8518 cases) while only few (2% = 311 cases) were severe (median absence of >28 days). The mean duration of absence from training and competition was significantly different (p < 0.05) between index injuries and re-injuries for six diagnoses (Achilles tendon pain, calf muscle injury, groin adductor pain, hamstring muscle injuries and quadriceps muscle injury) with longer absence following re-injuries for all six diagnosesConclusionsThe majority of all time loss due to injuries in professional football stems from injuries with an individual absence of up to 4 weeks. This article can provide guidelines for expected time away from training and competition for the most common injury types as well as for its realistic range.

scholarly journals Match High-Speed Running Distances Are Often Suppressed After Return From Hamstring Strain Injury in Professional Footballers

2020 ◽  
pp. 194173812096445
Author(s):  
Rodney Whiteley ◽  
Andrew Massey ◽  
Tim Gabbett ◽  
Peter Blanch ◽  
Matthew Cameron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Hamstring Strain

Background: High-speed running is commonly implicated in the genesis of hamstring injury. The success of hamstring injury management is typically quantified by the duration of time loss or reinjury rate. These metrics do not consider any loss in performance after returning to play from hamstring injury. It is not known to what extent high-speed running is altered on return to play after such injury. Hypothesis: Match high-speed running distance will change after returning from hamstring injury. Study Design: Non-randomized cohort. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Match high-speed running distance in highest level professional football (soccer, Rugby League, Rugby Union, and Australian Rules) were examined for a minimum of 5 games prior and subsequent to hamstring strain injury for individual differences using a linear regression models approach. A total of 22 injuries in 15 players were available for analysis. Results: Preinjury cumulative high-speed running distances were strongly correlated for each individual ( r2 = 0.92-1.0; P < 0.0001). Pre- and postinjury high-speed running data were available for a median of 15 matches (range, 6-15). Variance from the preinjury high-speed running distance was significantly less ( P = 0.0005) than the post injury values suggesting a suppression of high-speed running distance after returning from injury. On return to play, 7 of the 15 players showed a sustained absolute reduction in preinjury high-speed running distance, 7 showed no change, and 1 player (only) showed an increase. Analysis of subsequent (second and third injury) return to play showed no differences to return from the index injury. Conclusion: Return to play was not associated with return to high-speed running performance for nearly half of the players examined, although the same number showed no difference. Persisting deficits in match high-speed running may exist for many players after hamstring strain injury. Clinical Relevance: Returning to play does not mean returning to (high-speed running) performance for nearly half of the high-level professional football players examined in this study. This suggests that successful return to play metrics should be expanded from simple time taken and recurrence to include performance.

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