scholarly journals Meiotic crossover reduction by virus‐induced gene silencing enables the efficient generation of chromosome substitution lines and reverse breeding in Arabidopsis thaliana

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 1437-1452
Author(s):  
Vanesa Calvo‐Baltanás ◽  
Cris L. Wijnen ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Nina Lukhovitskaya ◽  
C. Bastiaan Snoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽  
Efficient Generation ◽  
Meiotic Crossover

scholarly journals A complete chromosome substitution mapping panel reveals genome-wide epistasis in Arabidopsis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cris L. Wijnen ◽  
Ramon Botet ◽  
José van de Belt ◽  
Laurens Deurhof ◽  
Hans de Jong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
High Power ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Epistatic Interactions ◽  
Single Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽  
Mapping Panel ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
The Impact

AbstractChromosome substitution lines (CSLs) are tentatively supreme resources to investigate non-allelic genetic interactions. However, the difficulty of generating such lines in most species largely yielded imperfect CSL panels, prohibiting a systematic dissection of epistasis. Here, we present the development and use of a unique and complete panel of CSLs in Arabidopsis thaliana, allowing the full factorial analysis of epistatic interactions. A first comparison of reciprocal single chromosome substitutions revealed a dependency of QTL detection on different genetic backgrounds. The subsequent analysis of the complete panel of CSLs enabled the mapping of the genetic interactors and identified multiple two- and three-way interactions for different traits. Some of the detected epistatic effects were as large as any observed main effect, illustrating the impact of epistasis on quantitative trait variation. We, therefore, have demonstrated the high power of detection and mapping of genome-wide epistasis, confirming the assumed supremacy of comprehensive CSL sets.One sentence summaryDevelopment of a complete panel of chromosome substitution lines enables high power mapping of epistatic interactions in Arabidopsis thaliana.

scholarly journals Effects of Interspecific Chromosome Substitution in Upland Cotton on Cottonseed Macronutrients

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1158
Author(s):  
Nacer Bellaloui ◽  
Sukumar Saha ◽  
Jennifer L. Tonos ◽  
Jodi A. Scheffler ◽  
Johnie N. Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽  
Macronutrient Content ◽  
Chromosome Arm

Nutrients, including macronutrients such as Ca, P, K, and Mg, are essential for crop production and seed quality, and for human and animal nutrition and health. Macronutrient deficiencies in soil lead to poor crop nutritional qualities and a low level of macronutrients in cottonseed meal-based products, leading to malnutrition. Therefore, the discovery of novel germplasm with a high level of macronutrients or significant variability in the macronutrient content of crop seeds is critical. To our knowledge, there is no information available on the effects of chromosome or chromosome arm substitution on cottonseed macronutrient content. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of chromosome or chromosome arm substitution on the variability and content of the cottonseed macronutrients Ca, K, Mg, N, P, and S in chromosome substitution lines (CS). Nine chromosome substitution lines were grown in two-field experiments at two locations in 2013 in South Carolina, USA, and in 2014 in Mississippi, USA. The controls used were TM-1, the recurrent parent of the CS line, and the cultivar AM UA48. The results showed major variability in macronutrients among CS lines and between CS lines and controls. For example, in South Carolina, the mean values showed that five CS lines (CS-T02, CS-T04, CS-T08sh, CS-B02, and CS-B04) had higher Ca level in seed than controls. Ca levels in these CS lines varied from 1.88 to 2.63 g kg−1 compared with 1.81 and 1.72 g kg−1 for TM-1 and AMUA48, respectively, with CS-T04 having the highest Ca concentration. CS-M08sh exhibited the highest K concentration (14.50 g kg−1), an increase of 29% and 49% over TM-1 and AM UA48, respectively. Other CS lines had higher Mg, P, and S than the controls. A similar trend was found at the MS location. This research demonstrated that chromosome substitution resulted in higher seed macronutrients in some CS lines, and these CS lines with a higher content of macronutrients can be used as a genetic tool towards the identification of desired seed nutrition traits. Also, the CS lines with higher desired macronutrients can be used as parents to breed for improved nutritional quality in Upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., through improvement by the interspecific introgression of desired seed nutrient traits such as Ca, K, P, S, and N. The positive and significant (p ≤ 0.0001) correlation of P with Ca, P with Mg, S with P, and S with N will aid in understanding the relationships between nutrients to improve the fertilizer management program and maintain higher cottonseed nutrient content.

Changes in the fatty acid unsaturation after hardening in wheat chromosome substitution lines with different cold tolerance

2001 ◽  
Vol 158 (5) ◽  
pp. 663-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Szalai ◽  
Tibor Janda ◽  
Emil Páldi ◽  
Jean-Paul Dubacq
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Wheat Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽  
Fatty Acid Unsaturation

scholarly journals Genetic dissection of quantitative and qualitative traits using a minimum set of barley Recombinant Chromosome Substitution Lines

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla De la Fuente Cantó ◽  
Joanne Russell ◽  
Christine A. Hackett ◽  
Allan Booth ◽  
Siobhan Dancey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Dissection ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Recombinant Chromosome ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Qualitative Traits ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Traits

Agronomic and quality characteristics of two new sets of Langdon durum–wild emmer wheat chromosome substitution lines

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.L. Klindworth ◽  
G.A. Hareland ◽  
E.M. Elias ◽  
J.D. Faris ◽  
S. Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Chromosome ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Wild Emmer Wheat ◽  
Emmer Wheat ◽  
Wild Emmer ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines

scholarly journals Identification of Chromosome Locations of Genes Affecting Preharvest Sprouting and Seed Dormancy Using Chromosome Substitution Lines in Tetraploid Wheat (Triticum turgidum L.)

Crop Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1180-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiaoman Chao ◽  
Steven S. Xu ◽  
Elias M. Elias ◽  
Justin D. Faris ◽  
Mark E. Sorrells
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Preharvest Sprouting ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines

scholarly journals Characterization of inter-varietal chromosome substitution lines of wheat using molecular markers

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pánková ◽  
Z. Milec ◽  
M. Leverington-Waite ◽  
S. Chebotar ◽  
J.W. Snape
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Homoeologous Group ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽  
Vrn Genes ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Several sets of wheat inter-varietal chromosome substitution lines (SLs) have been produced over the last fifty years at the CRI (formerly RICP) in Prague-Ruzyně, based on cytogenetic manipulations using aneuploids. Lines with defined genes have been obtained which significantly influence growth habit and flowering time and these have been used particularly in the study of the genetics and physiology of flowering. The sets of lines include substitutions of homoeologous group 5 chromosomes carrying Vrn genes that control vernalisation response, homoeologous group 2 chromosomes with Ppd genes controlling photoperiodic sensitivity, and some other substitutions, particularly those with chromosome 3B of the Czech alternative variety Česká Přesívka where a novel flowering time effect was located. Although the phenotypic and cytological analysis of substitution lines has been continually carried out during backcrossing generations, only the use of molecular markers can allow an unambiguous characterization to verify that substitutions are correct and complete. This analysis has allowed incorrect substitutions or partial substitutions to be identified and discarded. This paper summarizes the results of recent molecular checks of the substitution line collections at CRI.

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