An uncommon occurrence of bicavitary effusion due to mast cell neoplasia in a 12‐year‐old mixed breed dog

A 6-year-old, castrated male, mixed-breed dog was diagnosed with partial unilateral ureteral obstruction secondary to a ureteral mass. The ureteral mass was surgically resected, and an ureteroneocystostomy was performed. Histopathology of the ureteral mass was consistent with a poorly differentiated mast cell tumor (MCT). The patient recovered well but was euthanized 5 months postoperatively for central nervous system signs. A choroid plexus tumor was diagnosed during necropsy examination. There was no evidence of recurrence or dissemination of the ureteral MCT. Extracutaneous MCTs are rare in dogs, and primary MCT associated with the urinary tract has not previously been reported in the veterinary literature.

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Breed related odds ratio and anatomic distribution of canine mast cell tumours in Austria

Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe K Kleintiere / Heimtiere ◽

10.15654/tpk-140165 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 42 (06) ◽

pp. 367-373 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

K. Freeman ◽

G. Kirtz ◽

E. H. Hooijberg ◽

K. Sick ◽

E. F. Leidinger

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Age Distribution ◽

Odds Ratios ◽

Skin Tumours ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Mixed Breed ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Anatomic Distribution

SummaryObjective: An increased risk of mast cell tumours (MCT) in certain breeds has been described repeatedly in the literature. The incidence of MCTs for registered breeds in Austria, an estimate of the risk by means of the odds ratios based on breed as well as the anatomic localisation of MCTs were examined. Material and methods: In the first part of the study, the ranking of breeds in Austria based on 147,802 dogs with known breed (including mixed breed) was determined, based on those dogs included in the laboratory data base from 2000 to 2010. In the second part of the study, 476 dogs were identified with MCTs and analysed by age, sex, Patnaik grade of MCT and breed distribution. The odds ratios with confidence intervals were calculated for all breeds with skin tumours. Results: The age distribution showed a peak in the age group from 6.1 to 8.0 years; 70% of MCTs were localised to the head and trunk. No significant difference was found based on gender. The evaluation of the odds ratios showed that only four of the 20 of the most popular in Austria breeds (Boxer, Bernese Mountain Dog, Golden Retriever, Spaniel) had an increased risk; on the other hand, some breeds which have not been previously identified in the literature were indicated to have a significantly increased risk for MCT (e.g., Dogo Argentino, Tibetan Spaniel, Pyrenean Mountain Dog, Beauceron, and Austrian Smooth-haired Hound). Conclusion and clinical relevance: Because disease risk may influence the popularity of some currently rare breeds, consultation with breeders and owners regarding the identification of the breeds newly identified in this study as an increased risk for development of mast cell tumours is indicated.

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Use of an axial pattern skin flap based on the cranial cutaneous branch of the saphenous artery in the dog

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.3415/vcot-10-11-0156 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 24 (04) ◽

pp. 307-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. E. Collins ◽

J. Bhandal ◽

D. A. Degner

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Skin Flap ◽

Cell Tumour ◽

Skin Defect ◽

Viable Option ◽

Mast Cell Tumour ◽

Mixed Breed ◽

Cutaneous Branch ◽

Linear Scar ◽

Saphenous Artery

SummaryObjective: To report the use of an axial pattern flap based on the cranial cutaneous branch of the saphenous artery to close a skin defect left on the medial crus after mast cell tumour removal.Case report: A seven-year-old, 32.41 kg, neutered male mixed-breed dog had a mast cell tumour incompletely excised from the left medial crus. The resulting 6 cm linear scar was excised with 2 cm wide margins and one fascial plane for deep margins. An axial pattern skin flap incorporating the cranial cutaneous branch of the saphenous artery was used to close the resultant skin defect.Results: The histopathology report documented clean margins and the flap survived completely. A seroma developed postoperatively, however it resolved without treatment.Clinical significance: An axial pattern skin flap based on the cranial cutaneous branch of the saphenous artery is a viable option for closing medial crus skin defects in the dog.

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Cutaneous angiomatosis in a dog: a case report

Korean Journal of Veterinary Research ◽

10.14405/kjvr.2021.61.e28 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. e28

Author(s):

Yoonhoi Koo ◽

Taesik Yun ◽

Yeon Chae ◽

Dohee Lee ◽

Hakhyun Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Antifungal Agents ◽

Therapeutic Response ◽

Infectious Agents ◽

Bacterial Cultures ◽

Mixed Breed ◽

Vascular Proliferation ◽

Slight Elevation ◽

The Right ◽

Histopathology Examination

A 1-year-old, castrated male mixed-breed dog presented with diffuse, purple lesions arranged in an irregular patchy pattern, with a slight elevation on the right hindlimb extending from the tarsus joint to the upper region of the thigh. Dermatological examinations and fungal and bacterial cultures revealed no infectious agents. The therapeutic response to antibiotics and antifungal agents was negative. A histopathology examination of the lesion revealed vascular proliferation with vasodilation and numerous varying-sized vessels. Mast-cell-dominated perivascular cuffing was also noted. The dog was diagnosed with cutaneous angiomatosis due to diffuse lesions and the histopathology findings of hemangioma.

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Cytochemical analysis of mast cell granules after poly-dl-lysine action

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010008225x ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 278-279

Author(s):

R. Courtoy ◽

L.J. Simar ◽

J. Christophe

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Mast Cells ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Cellular Membrane ◽

Thin Sections ◽

Organic Bases ◽

Ferric Thiocyanate ◽

Cytochemical Analysis ◽

Mast Cell Granule ◽

Amine Liberation

Several chemical compounds induce amine liberation from mast cells but do not necessarily provoque the granule expulsion. For example, poly-dl-lysine induces modifications of the cellular membrane permeability which promotes ion exchange at the level of mast cell granules. Few of them are expulsed but the majority remains in the cytoplasm and appears less dense to the electrons. A cytochemical analysis has been performed to determine the composition of these granules after the polylysine action.We have previously reported that it was possible to demonstrate polyanions on epon thin sections using a cetylpyridinium ferric thiocyanate method. Organic bases are selectively stained with cobalt thiocyanate and the sulfhydryle groups are characterized with a silver methenamine reaction. These techniques permit to reveal the mast cell granule constituents, i.e. heparin, biogenic amines and basic proteins.

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Magnesium and sulfur in mast cell and basophil granules of lower vertebrates in relation with histamine

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100132613 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 1596-1597

Author(s):

Kenichi Takaya

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

Mast Cell ◽

Mast Cells ◽

Tree Frog ◽

X Ray ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Scanning Transmission ◽

Fresh Frozen ◽

Ultrathin Sections

Mast cell and basophil granules of the vertebrate contain heparin or related sulfated proteoglycans. Histamine is also present in mammalian mast cells and basophils. However, no histamine is detected in mast cell granules of the amphibian or fish, while it is shown in those of reptiles and birds A quantitative x-ray microanalysis of mast cell granules of fresh frozen dried ultrathin sections of the tongue of Wistar rats and tree frogs disclosed high concentrations of sulfur in rat mast cell granules and those of sulfur and magnesium in the tree frog granules. Their concentrations in tree frog mast cell granules were closely correlated (r=0.94).Fresh frozen dried ultrathin sections and fresh air-dried prints of the tree frog tongue and spleen and young red-eared turtle (ca. 6 g) spleen and heart blood were examined by a quantitative energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis (X-650, Kevex-7000) for the element constituents of the granules of mast cells and basophils. The specimens were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (80-200 kV) and followed by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) under an analytical electron microscope (X-650) at an acceleration voltage of 40 kV and a specimen current of 0.2 nA. A spot analysis was performed in a STEM mode for 100 s at a specimen current of 2 nA on the mast cell and basophil granules and other areas of the cells. Histamine was examined by the o-phthalaldehyde method.

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Mast cell-nerve fiber interaction: Ultrastructural studies

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100159680 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 428-429

Author(s):

E.Y. Chi ◽

M.L. Su ◽

Y.T. Tien ◽

W.R. Henderson

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Mast Cells ◽

Substance P ◽

Nerve Fiber ◽

Sensory Nerves ◽

Ultrastructural Studies ◽

Morphological Studies ◽

Granulocyte Infiltration ◽

Intracutaneous Injection ◽

Recent Attention

Recent attention has been directed to the interaction of the nerve and immune systems. The neuropeptide substance P, a tachykinnin which is a neurotransmitter in the central and peripheral nervous systems produces tissue swelling, augemntation of intersitial fibrin deposition and leukocyte infiltration after intracutaneous injection. There is a direct correlation reported between the extent of mast cell degranulation at the sites of injection and the tissue swelling or granulocyte infiltration. It has previously been demonstrated that antidromic electrical stimulation of sensory nerves induces degranulation of cutaneous mast cells, cutaneous vasodilation and augmented vascular permeability. Morphological studies have documented a close anatiomical association between mast cells and nonmyelinated nerves, that contain substance P and other neuropeptides. However, the presence of mast cells within nerve fasicles has not been previously examined ultrastructurally. In this study, we examined ultrastructurally the distribution of mast cells in the nerve fiber bundles located in the muscular connective tissue of rat tongues (n=20).

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Ultrastructural evidence for mast cell-macrophage interrelationships in the dura mater of the rat: Infrequent mast cell-nerve associations

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100159308 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 352-353

Author(s):

Ruth V.W. Dimlich

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Mast Cells ◽

Dura Mater ◽

Spatial Relationship ◽

Potassium Phosphate ◽

Plasma Extravasation ◽

Close Spatial Relationship ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Headache Pain ◽

Relationship Of

Mast cells in the dura mater of the rat may play a role in cerebral pathologies including neurogenic inflammation (vasodilation; plasma extravasation) and headache pain . As has been suggested for other tissues, dural mast cells may exhibit a close spatial relationship to nerves. There has been no detailed ultrastructural description of mast cells in this tissue; therefore, the goals of this study were to provide this analysis and to determine the spatial relationship of mast cells to nerves and other components of the dura mater in the rat.Four adult anesthetized male Wistar rats (290-400 g) were fixed by perfusion through the heart with 2% glutaraldehyde and 2.8% paraformaldehyde in a potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) for 30 min. The head of each rat was removed and stored in fixative for a minimum of 24 h at which time the dural coverings were removed and dissected into samples that included the middle meningeal vasculature. Samples were routinely processed and flat embedded in LX 112. Thick (1 um) sections from a minimum of 3 blocks per rat were stained with toluidine blue (0.5% aqueous).

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