Retrospective evaluation of the relationship between admission variables and brain herniation in dogs (2010–2019): 54 cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiwoong Her ◽  
Amy B. Yanke ◽  
Katherine Gerken ◽  
Jin Yoon ◽  
Ashley Antonia Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Evaluation ◽  
Brain Herniation ◽  
Admission Variables ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between clinical signs and brain herniation associated with rostrotentorial mass lesions in the dog

2006 ◽  
Vol 172 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.L. Walmsley ◽  
M.E. Herrtage ◽  
R. Dennis ◽  
S.R. Platt ◽  
N.D. Jeffery
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Brain Herniation ◽  
Mass Lesions ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Subjective value and decision entropy are jointly encoded by aligned gradients across the human brain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Bobadilla-Suarez ◽  
Olivia Guest ◽  
Bradley C. Love
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Retrospective Evaluation ◽  
Systematic Fashion ◽  
Subjective Value ◽  
Fmri Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

AbstractRecent work has considered the relationship between value and confidence in both behavior and neural representation. Here we evaluated whether the brain organizes value and confidence signals in a systematic fashion that reflects the overall desirability of options. If so, regions that respond to either increases or decreases in both value and confidence should be widespread. We strongly confirmed these predictions through a model-based fMRI analysis of a mixed gambles task that assessed subjective value (SV) and inverse decision entropy (iDE), which is related to confidence. Purported value areas more strongly signalled iDE than SV, underscoring how intertwined value and confidence are. A gradient tied to the desirability of actions transitioned from positive SV and iDE in ventromedial prefrontal cortex to negative SV and iDE in dorsal medial prefrontal cortex. This alignment of SV and iDE signals could support retrospective evaluation to guide learning and subsequent decisions.

scholarly journals The Relationship with the Father and the Emotional Functioning of Women in Adulthood

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-82
Author(s):  
Katarzyna D. Szudy ◽  
Małgorzata M. Puchalska-Wasyl
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Emotional Functioning ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Adult Daughters ◽  
Middle Adulthood ◽  
Retrospective Evaluation ◽  
Late Adulthood ◽  
Retrospective Assessment ◽  
The Relationship

Some studies, conducted also in Poland, show that the influence of fathers’ behavior on their daughters extends beyond childhood. For example, fathers’ parental attitudes assessed retrospectively (such as demands, inconsistency, lack of acceptance, and lack of autonomy) are associated with different mental disorders experienced by their adult daughters. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the retrospective evaluation of the relationship with the father explains the emotional functioning of women in early and middle adulthood. The participants were 180 women aged between 20 and 53. We used the Parental Bonding Instrument, the Questionnaire of Retrospective Assessment of Parental Attitudes, and the Trait Personality Inventory. Our findings support a link between the relationship with the father and the emotional functioning of women. In future it would be advisable to broaden the scope of the study by including groups of daughters in adolescence and in late adulthood or women with various problems.

scholarly journals A retrospective evaluation of the relationship between symmetric dimethylarginine, creatinine and body weight in hyperthyroid cats

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. e0227964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Szlosek ◽  
Jane Robertson ◽  
Jessica Quimby ◽  
Rebekah Mack ◽  
Jennifer Ogeer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Retrospective Evaluation ◽  
Symmetric Dimethylarginine ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Memory-based and online strategies in retrospective evaluations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Mason ◽  
Gordon Brown ◽  
Geoff Ward ◽  
Simon Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Memory Performance ◽  
Judgment Task ◽  
Retrospective Evaluation ◽  
Free Recall Task ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Mixed Effects Modeling ◽  
Individual Sequences ◽  
Overall Evaluation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Relationship

The “construction” view of preference holds that we sample information from memory in the moment to make judgments and decisions. Building on previous work examining the relationship between memory performance and judgment, we used incentive-compatible methods to investigate both the extent to which memory supports evaluation and the potential trade-off between online and memory-based retrospective evaluation. In a series of pre-registered experiments, we presented people with a sequence of numerical values and asked them to complete either a free recall task, a willingness to-pay (WTP) task, or both. Using Bayesian mixed effects modeling, we predicted WTP (for the values in the remembered sequence) from both recalled items and presented items, and examined how the position of a value in a sequence determined its contribution to overall evaluation. Uniquely, we compared models of overall performance in memory across trials (e.g., primacy and recency) with those that predict evaluation from specific items recalled on individual trials. Previous studies are likely to have underestimated the strength of the relationship by focusing only on general trends in memory performances. Our findings indicated that memory predicts evaluation when examined at the level of individual people and individual sequences. We replicate the findings that when participants anticipate a judgment task, they show less accurate recall from memory and show a preference for online updating. We demonstrated that even under these conditions, relying on memory is an effective strategy for performing evaluation, and discuss implications for understanding how people resolve the trade-off between online and retrospective evaluation.

Retrospective evaluation of vitals in dogs with and without brain herniation under general anesthesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. S989
Author(s):  
J. Her ◽  
B. Grandprey ◽  
Y. Merbl ◽  
E. Hofmeister
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Retrospective Evaluation ◽  
Brain Herniation

scholarly journals Relationship between cerebral blood flow and the development of swelling and life-threatening herniation in acute ischemic stroke

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. E1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Firlik ◽  
Howard Yonas ◽  
Anthony M. Kaufmann ◽  
Lawrence R. Wechsler ◽  
Charles A. Jungreis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Brain Herniation ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Neurosurgical Intervention

Object The purpose of this study was to determine whether cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements in acute stroke could be correlated with the subsequent development of cerebral edema and life-threatening brain herniation. Methods Twenty patients with aggressively managed acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory strokes who underwent xenon-enhanced computerized tomography (Xe-CT) CBF scanning within 6 hours of onset of symptoms were retrospectively reviewed. The relationship among CBF and follow-up CT evidence of edema and clinical evidence of brain herniation during the 36 to 96 hours following stroke onset was analyzed. Initial CT scans displayed abnormal findings in 11 patients (55%), whereas the Xe-CT CBF scans showed abnormal findings in all patients (100%). The mean CBF in the symptomatic MCA territory was 10.4 ml/100 g/minute in patients who developed severe edema compared with 19 ml/100 g/minute in patients who developed mild edema (p < 0.05). The mean CBF in the symptomatic MCA territory was 8.6 ml/100 g/minute in patients who developed clinical brain herniation compared with 18 ml/100 g/minute in those who did not (p < 0.01). The mean CBF in the symptomatic MCA territory that was 15 ml/100 g/minute or lower was significantly associated with the development of severe edema and herniation (p < 0.05). Conclusions Within 6 hours of acute MCA territory stroke, Xe-CT CBF measurements can be used to predict the subsequent development of severe edema and progression to clinical life-threatening brain herniation. Early knowledge of the anatomical and clinical sequelae of stroke in the acute phase may aid in the triage of such patients and alert physicians to the potential need for more aggressive medical or neurosurgical intervention.

The Retrospective Evaluation of Positive and Negative Affect

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoav Ganzach ◽  
Einat Yaor
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Retrospective Evaluation ◽  
Positive Information ◽  
Memory Experience ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Net Affect

A vast amount of literature examined the relationship between retrospective affective evaluations and evaluations of affective experiences. This literature has focused on simple momentary experiences, and was based on a unidimensional concept of affect. The current article examines the relationships between evaluations of complex experiences, experiences involving both positive and negative feelings, and the retrospective evaluation of these experiences. Based on the idea that negative information is better remembered than positive information, we predict that in comparison with negative retrospective evaluations, positive evaluations have a stronger correlation with end affect and a weaker correlation with peak affect. These predictions are tested in two studies. We explore boundary conditions for these effects and demonstrate the implications of the asymmetry between positive and negative affect to various topics that are at the center of affect research: the dimensionality of affective experiences, the memory-experience gap, and the analysis of net affect.

scholarly journals Subjective value and decision entropy are jointly encoded by aligned gradients across the human brain

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Bobadilla-Suarez ◽  
Olivia Guest ◽  
Bradley C. Love
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Retrospective Evaluation ◽  
Systematic Fashion ◽  
Subjective Value ◽  
Fmri Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Recent work has considered the relationship between value and confidence in both behavioural and neural representation. Here we evaluated whether the brain organises value and confidence signals in a systematic fashion that reflects the overall desirability of options. If so, regions that respond to either increases or decreases in both value and confidence should be widespread. We strongly confirmed these predictions through a model-based fMRI analysis of a mixed gambles task that assessed subjective value (SV) and inverse decision entropy (iDE), which is related to confidence. Purported value areas more strongly signalled iDE than SV, underscoring how intertwined value and confidence are. A gradient tied to the desirability of actions transitioned from positive SV and iDE in ventromedial prefrontal cortex to negative SV and iDE in dorsal medial prefrontal cortex. This alignment of SV and iDE signals could support retrospective evaluation to guide learning and subsequent decisions.

Relationship between cerebral blood flow and the development of swelling and life-threatening herniation in acute ischemic stroke

1998 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Firlik ◽  
Howard Yonas ◽  
Anthony M. Kaufmann ◽  
Lawrence R. Wechsler ◽  
Charles A. Jungreis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Brain Herniation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The purpose of this study was to determine whether cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements in acute stroke could be correlated with the subsequent development of cerebral edema and life-threatening brain herniation. Methods. Twenty patients with aggressively managed acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory strokes who underwent xenon-enhanced computerized tomography (Xe-CT) CBF scanning within 6 hours of onset of symptoms were retrospectively reviewed. The relationship among CBF and follow-up CT evidence of edema and clinical evidence of brain herniation during the 36 to 96 hours following stroke onset was analyzed. Initial CT scans displayed abnormal findings in 11 patients (55%), whereas the Xe-CT CBF scans showed abnormal findings in all patients (100%). The mean CBF in the symptomatic MCA territory was 10.4 ml/100 g/minute in patients who developed severe edema compared with 19 ml/100 g/minute in patients who developed mild edema (p < 0.05). The mean CBF in the symptomatic MCA territory was 8.6 ml/100 g/minute in patients who developed clinical brain herniation compared with 18 ml/100 g/minute in those who did not (p < 0.01). The mean CBF in the symptomatic MCA territory that was 15 ml/100 g/minute or lower was significantly associated with the development of severe edema and herniation (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Within 6 hours of acute MCA territory stroke, Xe-CT CBF measurements can be used to predict the subsequent development of severe edema and progression to clinical life-threatening brain herniation. Early knowledge of the anatomical and clinical sequelae of stroke in the acute phase may aid in the triage of such patients and alert physicians to the potential need for more aggressive medical or neurosurgical intervention.

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