scholarly journals THE USE OF FERROMAGNETIC AMORPHOUS MATERIALS 5BDSR IN HIGH-FREQUENCY OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION DEVICES

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Sergey Korobeynikov ◽  
Valentin Loman
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Skin Effect ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Ferromagnetic Material ◽  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
Anomalous Skin Effect ◽  
Protection Devices ◽  
Overvoltage Protection

The paper discusses the prospects of using nanocrystalline amorphous materials in the electric power industry. In particular, in the field of protection of electric power equipment of substations from high-frequency pulses. The effectiveness of using such materials to activate the anomalous skin effect in multilayer conductors is shown. The resulting conductors increase their resistance at lightning frequencies, thereby making it possible to create devices that effectively suppress high-frequency pulses. The authors give an example of a protective frequency-dependent device using nanocrystalline ferromagnetic material and the results of its use in trial operation. The paper shows the results of comparing round and flat frequency-dependent conductors.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Russian Regulatory Base to Ensure the Electromagnetic Compatibility of Microprocessor Relay Protection and Automation Devices

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Elena Zenina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Relay Protection ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Direct Indication ◽  
Protection Devices

In this work, the author analyzed the texts of normative documents on ensuring electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of microprocessor relay protection devices (MPS), aimed at creating conditions for ensuring the uninterrupted functioning of power circuits of the electric power complex and their secondary circuits, ensuring the tracking of all processes, collecting information, accounting for electricity and operational control of main technological equipment in real EMO conditions. Controversial issues enshrined in regulatory documents were considered, their relevance was assessed. During the analysis of regulatory documents, it was found that in a number of regulatory documents, both Russian and international, there is a direct indication of the need to ensure electromagnetic compatibility at electric power facilities, however, they provide general methods and recommendations without specifying the list of measured and regulated parameters, do not fix the sequence of actions, tools for measuring and modeling, providing the necessary result. In this regard, the author proposes solutions for introducing electromagnetic compatibility into theory and practicein the electric power industry and bringing regulatory documents to updating and systematization in terms of discussed controversial issues, introducing more accurate and consistent actions and measures during the practical implementation of the methods indicated in the work.

scholarly journals Analysis of Electromagnetic Compatibility of Microprocessor Relay Protection and Automation Devices

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Elena Zenina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Relay Protection ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Power Balance ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Protection Devices

In the modern conditions of the development of the electric power complex, relay protection and automation devices play a special role related to protection against possible damage resulting from violations of normal operating modes, both of individual elements and the entire power system as a whole. This, in turn, directly affects the reliable and stable functioning of the main power elements and electrical equipment. Damage to the power part of the equipment of an electric grid complex can be caused by changes in the main parameters of the normal mode: a change (increase) in currents leads to overloads and, in the limit, to short circuits, a decrease in voltage leads to an avalanche of voltage and disruption of the operation of electric motors connected to the damaged section, and an increase in voltage leads to overvoltages in certain sections. In addition, violations associated with a decrease in the transmitted active power lead to a change in frequency, and a violation of the reactive power balance leads to a change in voltage in certain sections, which generally leads to noncompliance with the power balance and loss of stable operation of the power system. The main reasons for failures in operation, false and excessive triggering of microprocessor relay protection devices are considered. The main ways of solving the problem of electromagnetic compatibility in the electric power industry are identified. A solution is proposed to improve the reliability of the operation of microprocessor relay protection devices and the way of development of the problem of electromagnetic compatibility in the electric power industry is shown.

The anomalous skin effect in anisotropic metals

1954 ◽  
Vol 224 (1157) ◽  
pp. 273-282 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fermi Surface ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Surface Resistance ◽  
Skin Effect ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Fermi Surfaces ◽  
Anomalous Skin Effect ◽  
Energy Surfaces

It is shown that the theoretical form of the anisotropy of the high-frequency surface resistance of a metal having spheroidal energy surfaces, calculated exactly by Sondheimer, may be obtained also in the extreme anomalous limit by means of the ineffectiveness concept. This result is taken to justify the application of the simpler ineffectiveness method to metals having Fermi surfaces of any form, and it is shown that the resistance is related solely to the geometrical shape of the Fermi surface. The possible application of this result in the study of metals is discussed.

Simulations of high-resolution images of amorphous silicon films

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 544-545
Author(s):  
G. Y. Fan ◽  
J. M. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Fourier Transformation ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Structure Information ◽  
Frequency Components ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Spatial Frequency Spectrum

It is well known that the structure information on the specimen is not always faithfully transferred through the electron microscope. Firstly, the spatial frequency spectrum is modulated by the transfer function (TF) at the focal plane. Secondly, the spectrum suffers high frequency cut-off by the aperture (or effectively damping terms such as chromatic aberration). While these do not have essential effect on imaging crystal periodicity as long as the low order Bragg spots are inside the aperture, although the contrast may be reversed, they may change the appearance of images of amorphous materials completely. Because the spectrum of amorphous materials is continuous, modulation of it emphasizes some components while weakening others. Especially the cut-off of high frequency components, which contribute to amorphous image just as strongly as low frequency components can have a fundamental effect. This can be illustrated through computer simulation. Imaging of a whitenoise object with an electron microscope without TF limitation gives Fig. 1a, which is obtained by Fourier transformation of a constant amplitude combined with random phases generated by computer.

Improving the integrated reporting of electric-power industry companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 922-939
Author(s):  
N.V. Malinovskaya ◽  
M.D. Malinovskii
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Guiding Principles

Subject. This article deals with the issues relating to improving integrated reporting in terms of dovetailing strategic objectives with capital changes. Objectives. The article aims to develop a system of indicators for disclosure of capital types in integrated reporting of electricity generating companies, as well as recommendations aimed at implementing the fundamental concepts and guiding principles of integrated reporting. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization, and abstraction. As a case study, we conduct a comparative analysis of the disclosure of six types of capital by the largest electricity generating companies, namely PAO Inter RAO, AO Rosenergoatom and PAO RusHydro. Results. The article formulates proposals for disclosure of capital information to address such a lack of accountability as a contradiction to the principle of coherence. It proposes a system of indicators (core and additional) for disclosure of six types of capital by electricity generating companies. Conclusions. A significant reporting problem is the lack of correlation between key strategic objectives and capital changes. The formulated recommendations for disclosure of capital information can help solve this problem, and increase the attractiveness of the integrated report for capital providers.

EVALUATION OF INDICATORS FOR DETERMINING THE EFFICIENCY AND THE DEGREE OF READY OF THE COUNTRIES TO THE DIGITAL TRANSITION IN ELECTRICITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
E. V. KARANINA ◽  
◽  
M. A. BORTNIKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Digital Transition ◽  
State Programs

The digital economy implies a structural transformation in many industries, including the energy sector, without taking into account the state specifics of the industry, for which full-fledged digitalization can be harmful. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology and determine the readiness of countries for digitalization in the electric power industry, taking into account all the main industry groups of factors. The paper analyzes the concept of “energy transition” and defines the indices that are applied to assess this transition at the global level. A system of indices is proposed to determine the degree of readiness for a digital transition in the electric power industry as one of the components of the “energy transition” and the most possible scenario for the transformation of this industry in Russia. The analysis of key areas of digital energy development is presented. The degree of readiness of the leading 100 countries in terms of GDP for digitalization in the electric power industry according to the proposed methodology has been calculated, and the further direction of basic research in this direction has been indicated. Conclusions have been drawn on the appropriateness of developing state programs and the main directions to which DM decision should be drawn with due desire to digitize the industry have been highlighted.

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