Hydrogen Gas Production from Gasification of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

Malaysia is one of the largest producers of palm oil and this industry plays an important role in Malaysia economic growth. As this industry grows larger, a significant amount of oil palm waste is generated, creating the problem of overloading biomass waste. Since the oil palm waste has many significant uses such as empty fruit bunches (EFB), the interest in production of hydrogen gas as the renewable energy from EFB also increases. The most common and favorable thermochemical processes to produce the hydrogen gas is gasification process in fluidized bed reactor. Regardless of tremendous experimental studies done on effectiveness of using EFB for production of hydrogen, the process implementation in industry is still discouraging. This is due to lack of proven technology and high capital cost of investment. In this study, a computational modeling was developed for EFB gasification in fluidized bed gasifier using the ASPEN PLUS simulator (v. 8.8) to optimize the gasification temperature, pressure and to study the different of chemical behavior. The results indicated that increase in temperature will increases the production of hydrogen and enhances carbon conversion efficiency. The optimum temperature and pressure was 850 °C and 1.035 bar respectively. The result shows that the char was removed significantly after several gas cleaning process. The final product for purified hydrogen gas is 14.5 kg/hr which is around 21% of hydrogen yield. Based on the result, it indicates that EFB has a potential to be used as a source of energy in a future.

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Experimental Studies on H2-Rich Gas Production by Co-Gasification of Coal and Biomass in an Intermittent Fluidized Bed Reactor

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.1127 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 724-725 ◽

pp. 1127-1131 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Li Qun Wang ◽

Zhao Sheng Chen

Keyword(s):

Fluidized Bed ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽

Gas Production ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Carbon Conversion ◽

Mass Ratio ◽

Heating Value ◽

Product Gas ◽

Gasification Temperature

This paper illustrates the experimental results of co-gasification of biomass and coal in an intermittent fluidized bed reactor, aiming to investigate the effects of gasification temperature (T) and steam to biomass mass ratio (SBMR) on the composition, yield, low heating value (LHV) and carbon conversion efficiency of the product gas. The results show that H2-rich gas with a high LHV is generated, in the range of 12.22-18.67 MJ/Nm3, and the H2 content in the product gas is in the range of 28.7-51.4%. Increases in temperature lead to an increase in CO and H2 content. The H2/CO molar ratio in the product gas is close to 1 at temperature above 925 °C. With steam addition, the H2 content increases gradually, while the content of CO increases first and then decrease correspondingly. The molar ratio of H2/CO is close to 1 with the smallest supplied amount of steam addition (SBMR =0.4).

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High Temperature Fluidized Bed Reactor Kinetics With Sintering Inhibitors for Iron Oxidation

Volume 4: Energy Systems Analysis, Thermodynamics and Sustainability; Combustion Science and Engineering; Nanoengineering for Energy, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/imece2011-62808 ◽

2011 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F. Al-Raqom ◽

J. F. Klausner ◽

D. Hahn ◽

J. Petrasch ◽

S. A. Sherif

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Reaction Kinetics ◽

Fluidized Bed ◽

Iron Powder ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽

Hydrogen Yield ◽

Silica Powder ◽

Powder Bed ◽

Bed Temperature

High purity hydrogen is produced through a thermochemical water splitting process that utilizes iron reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions. An iron powder bed is fluidized to improve heat and mass transfer thus improving the reaction kinetics. Inert additives which act as sintering inhibitors, such as silica (SiO2) and zirconia (ZrO2), are added to the iron powder, and their effectiveness in inhibiting sintering in the oxidation step is evaluated. The influence of particle size, composition, mass fraction and bed temperature on reaction kinetics is investigated. Incorporation of zirconia in the powder bed is done by mixing it with iron powder or by coating the iron particles with a mixture of 1–3 μm and 44 μm zirconia particles. Two different batches of silica are used for blending with iron powder. The silica powder batches include particle diameters ranging from 0–45 μm and 200–300 μm. The mixing ratios of silica to iron are 0.33, 0.5, 0.67 and 0.75 by apparent volume. Experimental studies are conducted in a bench scale experimental fluidized bed reactor at bed temperatures of 450, 550, 650, 750 and 850 °C. It is verified that increasing the bed temperature and the steam residence time increases the hydrogen yield. Increasing the iron particle size reduces the specific surface area and reduces the hydrogen yield. It has been found that sintering can be completely inhibited by mixing iron with 0–45 μm silica powder and maintaining the reaction temperature below 650 °C.

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Air gasification of oil palm waste over dolomite in a fluidized bed

TURKISH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ◽

10.3906/muh-1112-2 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

POOYA LAHIJANI

Keyword(s):

Fluidized Bed ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Palm Waste ◽

Oil Palm Waste

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UtMization of oil palm waste as a low cost feed ingredient for growing pigs to reduce the environmental pollution

Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium ◽

10.31357/fesympo.v0i0.1763 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

R. A. U. J. Marapana ◽

R. T. Seresinghe

Keyword(s):

Environmental Pollution ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Low Cost ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Feed Ingredient ◽

Palm Waste ◽

Oil Palm Waste

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Photodeposition of Ag Nanocrystals onto TiO2 Nanotube Platform for Enhanced Water Splitting and Hydrogen Gas Production

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2020/7480367 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nur Aimi Jani ◽

Choonyian Haw ◽

Weesiong Chiu ◽

Saadah Abdul Rahman ◽

Poisim Khiew ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Splitting ◽

Gas Production ◽

Hydrogen Gas ◽

Current Work ◽

Plasmonic Resonance ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Production Of Hydrogen ◽

Production Activity ◽

Ag Ncs

Current work reports the study of Ag nanocrystals (NCs) decorated doubly anodized (DA) TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) thin film as an efficient photoelectrode material for water splitting and photocatalytic hydrogen gas production. DA process has been shown to be capable of producing less defective NTs and creating additional spacious gaps in between NT bundles to allow efficient and uniform integration of Ag NCs. By employing photoreduction method, Ag NCs can be deposited directly onto NTs, where the size and density of coverage can be maneuvered by merely varying the concentration of Ag precursors. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images show that the Ag NCs with controllable size are homogeneously decorated onto the walls of NTs with random yet uniform distribution. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results confirm the formation of anatase TiO2 NTs and Ag NCs, which can be well indexed to standard patterns. The decoration of metallic Ag NCs onto the surface of NTs demonstrates a significant enhancement in the photoconversion efficiency as compared to that of pristine TiO2 NTs. Additionally, the as-prepared nanocomposite film also shows improved efficiency when used as a photocatalyst platform in the production of hydrogen gas. Such improvement in the performance of water splitting and photocatalytic hydrogen gas production activity can be credited to the surface plasmonic resonance of Ag NCs present on the surface of the NTs, which renders improved light absorption and better charge separation. The current work can serve as a model of study for designing more advanced nanoarchitecture photoelectrode for renewable energy application.

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