FLOOR SLIPPERINESS MEASUREMENT UNDER SPILLAGE CONDITION

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (27) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norazrin Azwani Ahmad ◽  
Masine Md. Tap ◽  
Ardiyanshah Syahrom ◽  
Jafri Mohd Rohani ◽  
Mohamed Fitri Johari
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Friction Loss ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Dry Conditions

To understand the risk of slipping accidents in the industry, it is imperative to measure the coefficient of friction (COF) between footwear and floor. In this study, COF values were measured for four types of floor with five surface conditions that represent dry conditions and four liquid spillage conditions. A portable skid-resistance tester was used to measure the COF with three footwear materials attached on the slider. The results show that the interaction between floor type, footwear material, and surface conditions was significant (p< 0.0001). Variation of COF value was found due to different footwear materials and floors involved during the interaction. The friction loss results also conclude that the COF became reduced significantly in all footwear-floor conditions (in the range of 17% to 78%) in the presence of spillage on the floor. 

scholarly journals Solid Lubrication by Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes in Air and in Vacuum for Space and Aeronautics Applications

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Miyoshi ◽  
K. W. Street ◽  
R. L. Vander Wal ◽  
R. Andrews ◽  
David Jacques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Solid Lubrication ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Solid Lubrication Friction ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Steel Balls

To evaluate recently developed aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and dispersed MWNTs for solid lubrication applications, unidirectional sliding friction experiments were conducted with 440C stainless steel balls and hemispherical alumina-yttria stabilized zirconia pins in sliding contact with the MWNTs deposited on quartz disks in air and in vacuum. The results indicate that MWNTs have superior solid lubrication friction properties and endurance lives in air and vacuum under dry conditions. The coefficient of friction of the dispersed MWNTs is close to 0.05 and 0.009 in air and in vacuum, respectively, showing good dry lubricating ability. The wear life of MWNTs exceeds 1 million passes in both air and vacuum showing good durability. In general, the low coefficient of friction can be attributed to the combination of the transferred, agglomerated patches of MWNTs on the counterpart ball or pin surfaces and the presence of tubular MWNTs at interfaces.

Analysis of the Contribution of Adhesion and Ploughing to Shoe-Floor Lubricated Friction in the Boundary Lubrication Regime

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Moore ◽  
Kurt Beschorner ◽  
Pradeep L. Menezes ◽  
Michael R. Lovell
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Boundary Lubrication ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Lubrication Regimes ◽  
Lubrication Regime ◽  
Material Hardness ◽  
Lubrication Layer ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Pin On Disk

Slip and fall accidents cost billions of dollars each year. Shoe-floor-lubricant friction has been shown to follow the Stribeck effect, operating primarily in the boundary and mixed-lubrication regimes. Two of the most important factors believed to significantly contribute to shoe-floor-lubricant friction in the boundary lubrication regime are adhesion and ploughing. Experiments were conducted using a pin-on-disk tribometer to quantify adhesion and ploughing contributions to shoe-floor friction in dry and lubricated conditions. The coefficient of friction between three shoe materials and two floor materials of different hardness and roughness were considered. Experiments were conducted under six lubricants for a sliding speed of 0.01 m/sec at ambient conditions. It was found that the contribution of adhesion and ploughing to shoe-floor-lubricant friction was significantly affected by material hardness, roughness, and lubricant properties. Material hardness and roughness are known to affect adhesion, with increased hardness or increased roughness typically resulting in decreased adhesion. The smoothest shoe material, while also being the hardest, resulted in the greatest adhesional contribution to friction. The roughest material, while also being the softest, resulted in the lowest adhesional contributions under dry conditions. Canola oil consistently resulted in the lowest percent of full adhesion and water consistently resulted in the highest percent of full adhesion, presumably due to the thickness, of the boundary lubrication layer. Ploughing contribution was dependent upon the hardness of the shoe and floor materials. A positive correlation was found between the shoe and floor hardness ratio and ploughing coefficient of friction.

Development of Portable Tester for Measuring Skid Resistance and Its Speed Dependency on Pavement Surfaces

1996 ◽  
Vol 1536 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Saito ◽  
Takashi Horiguchi ◽  
Atsushi Kasahara ◽  
Hironari Abe ◽  
John Jewett Henry
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
International Association ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Maintenance Program ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Friction Component ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction

Skid resistance is an important factor in a rational maintenance program for pavement surfaces. Therefore, the skid resistance of a road surface is monitored by maintaining skid resistance inventories; in addition, spot checks are made at high accident sites. The equipment, called the dynamic friction tester (DF tester), is a disc-rotating-type tester that measures the friction force between the surface and three rubber pads attached to the disc. The disc rotates horizontally at a linear speed of about 80 to 20 km/hr under a constant load, so the DF tester can measure the skid resistance at any speed in this range with a single measurement. At the same time, the results provide speed dependency of skid resistance that will be as close as possible to the results obtained by other testing modes. The DF tester can measure on flat as well as rutted surfaces, the depths of which are less than 6 mm. In that case, the coefficient of variation is found to be less than 10 percent. The long-term characteristics of the coefficient of friction were measured by the DF tester, the British pendulum tester and the mini-texture meter. The coefficient of friction increases moderately with the traffic service period (up to 35 weeks) and decreases with increasing speed. The test results showed a significant speed dependency on the coefficient of friction measured by the DF tester although there was a high relationship between the coefficient of friction of the DF tester and the British pendulum number at each point and at each measuring speed. A weak relationship was found between the coefficient of friction and the sensor-measured texture depth values produced by the texture meter. Results of the Permanent International Association of Road Congresses experiment to compare and harmonize texture and skid resistance measurements indicate that the DF tester is capable of reporting the friction component (F60) of the international friction index using the friction coefficient at 60 km/hr.

scholarly journals Characteristics of a Tire Friction and Performances of a Braking in a High Speed Driving

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 260428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumrak Oh ◽  
Hoguen Lee
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Conservation Of Energy ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Braking Distance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tire Friction ◽  
Safe Road

The goal of pavement is to deliver the fine roughness and the safe road surface to traffic. It requires a secured and comfortable surface using the controlled speed of road. Through adjusting driving speed, skid resistance can be altered in one of the performances of the pavement surface. In high speed driving, there might be a certain level of risk, not in the same level as the proposed roads. Hence, this study first analyzes the speed equation under a consideration of a braking distance and then suggests the friction coefficient in high speed driving with the principle of conservation of energy. If we accept simply that the coefficient of friction is independent of speed, the difference between analysis and test value for braking distance is greatly generated. Therefore we have to analyze the coefficient of friction as an exponential function of braking speed of a vehicle.

Slip Sliding Away — Slip Resistance of Athletic Socks on Indoor Flooring

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 568-571
Author(s):  
David G. Curry ◽  
Anne Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Slip Resistance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Flooring Materials

A laboratory study was conducted to assess the slip resistance of athletic socks on various household flooring materials under both wet and dry conditions. While prior studies regarding slip resistance have focused on shod walkers, there is a lack of published data on the coefficient of friction between stocking-clad feet and indoor flooring. To investigate this, four types of athletic socks were tested on samples of eight flooring materials for both wet and dry conditions. These results were compared to tests of a Neolite slider pad on these floors. The results indicated that for socks on textured vinyl flooring, there was no significant difference in slip resistance between the wet and dry conditions, though there was a trend towards greater slip resistance under wet conditions. Generally, it appears that the likelihood of slipping on other types of wet indoor walking surfaces is lower when walking in socks rather than shoes.

scholarly journals The Tribological Adaptability for Ventral Scales of Dinodon rufozonatum in Dry/Wet/Rough Environments

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Song Hu ◽  
Ge Shi ◽  
Qinggang Guo ◽  
Long Zheng ◽  
Luquan Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Water Lubrication ◽  
Substrate Roughness ◽  
Contact Conditions ◽  
Frictional Performance ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Multiple Environments ◽  
Lubrication Conditions

The ventral scales of Dinodon rufozonatum were investigated to understand the outstanding tribological adaptability in various environments. The coefficient of friction (COF) of ventral scales was measured and changed with the contact conditions. It was discovered that the COF of scales under water-lubrication conditions (WLC) was larger than that under dry conditions (DC). More interestingly, the COF increased first and then decreased as the substrate roughness reduced. The abrasion marks on scales were then observed. The results indicated that the scales in DC wore more gently than that in WLC. Moreover, the degree of wear reduced with the decrease of substrate roughness. The frictional performance of ventral scales enabled the snakes to move more efficiently, quickly, and flexibly in multiple environments.

Studies on Friction and Transfer Layer Formation When Pure Magnesium Pins Slid at Various Numbers of Cycles on Steel Plates of Different Surface Texture

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep L. Menezes ◽  
Kishore ◽  
Satish V. Kailas ◽  
Michael R. Lovell
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Pure Magnesium ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Transfer Layer ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Die Surface ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Number Of Cycles

In the present investigation, various kinds of textures (undirectional, 8-ground, and random,) were attained on a set of steel plate surfaces. The roughness of the textures was varied using different grits of emery papers or polishing powders. Pins made of pure magnesium were then slid against the steel plates at various numbers of cycles (1, 2, 6, 10 and 20) using an inclined pin-on-plate sliding apparatus. In the experiments, it was observed that the coefficient of friction and the formation of a transfer layer depended on the die surface textures under both dry and lubricated conditions. The coefficient of friction increased with number of cycles under dry conditions for all of the textures studied. Under lubricated conditions, however, the coefficient of friction decreased for unidirectional and 8-ground surfaces and increased for random surfaces with the number of cycles. A stick-slip phenomenon was observed under both dry and lubricated conditions. Occurrence of the stick slip behavior depended on the surface texture, the load and the number of cycles. The variation in the coefficient of friction under both dry and lubrication conditions was attributed to changes in the texture of the surfaces during sliding.

Effect of Groove Shape on the Frictional Hold of a Sheave on Polyester Rope

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Albro ◽  
F. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Relative Velocity ◽  
Line Tension ◽  
Maximum Tension ◽  
Groove Shape ◽  
Surface Data ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Lift Line

This paper discusses the effects of sheave groove shape, sheave diameter, and line tension on the frictional hold of polyester rope. A series of tests were conducted using five different sheaves, 5 and 9.2-cm-dia 2-in-1 polyester rope, under both wet and dry conditions. The frictional hold was determined from the difference in rope tension on opposite sides of a rotating sheave. The maximum tension on the high side was 245 kN. It was found that the coefficient of friction between polyester rope and smooth steel sheaves decreases with increase in rope tension for a given rope size. The 70-deg-V groove sheave shape demonstrated approximately 25 percent more frictional hold than the U-groove sheave shape. Holding capacity increases with sheave diameter. Large relative velocity exists between elastic lift line and sheave surface. Data will be used in a traction winch design.

scholarly journals Estimating the Impact of Texture Depth on the Roughness of Cement Concrete Airfield Pavements

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Wesołowski ◽  
Krzysztof Blacha
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Contact Surface ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Friction Characteristics ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Appropriate skid resistance properties of airfield pavements are extremely important in terms of the safety of air operations. Their evaluation is not limited to the measurements of the coefficient of friction, which determines the roughness of a pavement, but also involves measuring the depth of the pavement texture (micro- and macrotexture), which is a component of the tire-pavement contact surface friction characteristics. It should be stressed that the current aviation documents do not contain a strict interconnection between the texture depth parameter and airfield pavement coefficient of friction criteria. Based on the result population gathered in the course of the field tests, the authors plan to determine the impact of texture on the roughness of airfield pavements.

The Measurements of Friction Coefficient on Ramps among Different Floor Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 303-306 ◽  
pp. 790-793
Author(s):  
Yao Wen Hsu ◽  
Kai Way Li
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Manual Material Handling ◽  
Slip Resistance ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Friction Measurements ◽  
Important Objective

This study investigates the influences of slopes on objective friction measurements of different floor materials. It is known that a person is more likely to slip when walking on a slope than when walking on a level surface. In term of the prevention of falls for elders and MMH (manual material handling) workers, slope is more commonly in the design of barrier-free environments. However, it could be a potential environmental risk of slip accidents. The environmental problems were generally caused by poor floor slipperiness. The coefficient of friction (COF) is one of important objective indexes to assess floor slipperiness. It is worthy to investigate that the influences of slope on COF. Thus, COF measurements under different slopes, floor materials and surface conditions were conducted in this study. The data were analyzed to investigate the influence of slope on objective friction measurements of floors. The results showed that the rougher surface and dry conditions had the higher COF values. The different slopes result in significant COF values; however, there is no significant trend. Therefore, there should be more warning signs and slip resistance facilities or accessories to reduce the chance to slip and fall on the slopes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document