scholarly journals A DEVELOPMENT OF OPTICAL NETWORK UNIT POWER CONSUMPTION MODEL CONSIDERING TRAFFIC LOAD EFFECT

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnidza Ramli ◽  
Nadiatulhuda Zulkifli ◽  
Auwalu Usman ◽  
Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Optical Network Unit ◽  
Load Effect ◽  
Consumption Model

Accurate and precise measurement of energy consumption for the deployment of fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) network using Gigabit passive optical network (GPON) is vital to the research community to develop models for the synthesis of energy-efficient protocols and algorithms for the access network. However, lack of power consumption measurement of optical network devices in the past has led to unrealistic and/or oversimplified model being used in simulations. Usually the access network devices are assumed always on and their consumption is both traffic and time independent. Therefore, in this paper we propose an experimentally-driven approach to i) characterize the Optical Network Unit (ONU) from the power consumption standpoint and ii) develop more accurate power consumption model for the ONU. We focus on ONU since it represents the main contributor to the energy consumption of optical access network. The real data in terms of the power consumption and traffic load have been obtained from continuous measurements performed on a GPON network testbed. The measurement is limited to a maximum 100 Mbps data rate due to a limitation in the sampling rate and precision of the measurement device. However, validation has been done with theoretical power consumption model in order to prove the feasibility of the proposed model. Our measurements show that the power consumption of the ONU exhibits a linear dependence on the traffic in which the power consumption at idle mode is 11.51 W while in low power mode the power consumption is around 7.52 W.

scholarly journals Heavy Traffic Feasible Hybrid Intracycle and Cyclic Sleep for Power Saving in 10G-EPON

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Xintian Hu ◽  
Liqian Wang ◽  
Zhiguo Zhang ◽  
Xue Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Power Saving ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Light Traffic ◽  
Gigabit Ethernet ◽  
Qos Guarantee

Energy consumption in optical access networks costs carriers substantial operational expense (OPEX) every year and is one of contributing factors for the global warming. To reduce energy consumption in the 10-gigabit Ethernet passive optical network (10G-EPON), a hybrid intracycle and cyclic sleep mechanism is proposed in this paper. Under heavy traffic load, optical network units (ONUs) can utilize short idle slots within each scheduling cycle to enter intracycle sleep without postponing data transmission. In this way, energy conservation is achieved even under heavy traffic load with quality of service (QoS) guarantee. Under light traffic load, ONUs perform long cyclic sleep for several scheduling cycles. The adoption of cyclic sleep instead of intracycle sleep under light traffic load can reduce unnecessary frequent transitions between sleep and full active work caused by using intracycle sleep. Further, the Markov chain of the proposed mechanism is established. The performances of the proposed mechanism and existing approaches are analyzed quantitatively based on the chain. For the proposed mechanism, power saving ability with QoS guarantee even under heavy traffic and better power saving performance than existing approaches are verified by the quantitative analysis. Moreover, simulations validate the above conclusions based on the chain.

scholarly journals Efficiency Tests of DBA Algorithms in XG-PON

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Sikora ◽  
Tomas Horvath ◽  
Petr Munster ◽  
Vaclav Oujezsky
Keyword(s):  
Bandwidth Allocation ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation ◽  
Optical Network Unit ◽  
The Right ◽  
Dynamic Bandwidth ◽  
Throughput And Delay

Sophisticated dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) algorithms can dramatically improve or worsen throughput and delay in whole networks. It is very important to choose the right DBA algorithm. Our work tests static assignment and three DBA algorithms, namely GigaPON Access Network DBA, Hybrid Reporting Allocation, and modified Max–Min Fair. All tests were made on our simulator of ten-gigabit passive optical network DBA specially developed for testing DBA algorithms. The tests verify delay of each optical network unit and amount of waste with bandwidth. This paper describes how the used DBA algorithms work and the processes involved in DBA algorithms.

Comparison and Analysis of ONU Sleep Mechanism Based on OPNET for Green Fiber-Wireless Access Network

2014 ◽  
Vol 700 ◽  
pp. 181-184
Author(s):  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Peng Chao Han ◽  
Yin Peng Yu ◽  
Yu Fang Zhou ◽  
Ya Min Xie
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Sleep State ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Save Energy

As one of promising "last mile" scheme for broadband access network, Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) access network has the advantages of high capacity, long distance, low cost etc because it is the integration of optical back-end and wireless front-end. At the same time, energy consumption of FiWi access network is an important factor that limits the development of networks. A number of ONU sleep states such as ONU power shedding state, ONU doze state, ONU deep sleep state and ONU fast sleep state have been proposed to obtain low-power ONU state, which indirectly reduce energy consumption of networks. However, these low-power states of ONU are born to coordinate to green Passive Optical Network (PON), of which the function of ONU is different from FiWi. In this paper, two low power ONU sleep mechanisms called Static ONU Sleep (SOS) mechanism and Dynamic ONU Sleep (DOS) mechanism, respectively, are proposed and embedded into FiWi access network. By simulation and analysis based on OPNET 14.5, this paper shows that the DOS mechanism has a better performance than SOS, and both of them can save energy of FiWi access network.

Analysing the optical network unit power consumption in the 10 GB‐capable passive optical network systems

IET Networks ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Sarigiannidis ◽  
Malamati Louta ◽  
Georgios Papadimitriou ◽  
Michael Theologou
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Optical Network Unit ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Unit Power

Performance Evaluation of Fiber Wireless (FiWi) Access Network using Position Optimization of ONUs

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Chouhan ◽  
Uma Rathore Bhatt ◽  
Raksha Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Whale Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Wireless Access ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Whale Optimization ◽  
Wireless Access Network

: Fiber Wireless Access Network is the blend of passive optical network and wireless access network. This network provides higher capacity, better flexibility, more stability and improved reliability to the users at lower cost. Network component (such as Optical Network Unit (ONU)) placement is one of the major research issues which affects the network design, performance and cost. Considering all these concerns, we implement customized Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) for ONU placement. Initially whale optimization algorithm is applied to get optimized position of ONUs, which is followed by reduction of number of ONUs in the network. Reduction of ONUs is done such that with fewer number of ONUs all routers present in the network can communicate. In order to ensure the performance of the network we compute the network parameters such as Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Total Time for Delivering the Packets in the Network (TTDPN) and percentage reduction in power consumption for the proposed algorithm. The performance of the proposed work is compared with existing algorithms (deterministic and centrally placed ONUs with predefined hops) and has been analyzed through extensive simulation. The result shows that the proposed algorithm is superior to the other algorithms in terms of minimum required ONUs and reduced power consumption in the network with almost same packet delivery ratio and total time for delivering the packets in the network. Therefore, present work is suitable for developing cost-effective FiWi network with maintained network performance.

scholarly journals Practical quantum access network over a 10 Gbit/s Ethernet passive optical network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bi-Xiao Wang ◽  
Shi-biao Tang ◽  
Ying-Qiu Mao ◽  
Wenhua Xu ◽  
Ming Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Ethernet Passive Optical Network

scholarly journals Implementation of a One-LLID-per-Queue DBA Algorithm in EPON

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. M. Radzi ◽  
N. M. Din ◽  
M. H. Al-Mansoori ◽  
H. Zainol Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Bandwidth Allocation ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation ◽  
Global Priority ◽  
Upstream Direction ◽  
Ethernet Passive Optical Network ◽  
Dynamic Bandwidth

The advantages of Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) are setting it to be a natural ubiquitous solution for the access network. In the upstream direction of EPON, the directional property of the splitter requires that the traffic flow be mitigated to avoid collision. A dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) scheme is desirable in optimizing the bandwidth usage further. In this paper, a global priority DBA mechanism is discussed. The mechanism aims to reduce the overall delay while enhancing the throughput and fairness. This study was conducted using MATLAB where it was compared to two other algorithms in the literature. The results show that the delay is reduced up to 59% and the throughput and fairness index are improved up to 10% and 6%, respectively.

Comparative Analysis of High Speed 20/20 Gbps OTDM-PON, WDM-PON and TWDM-PON for Long-Reach NG-PON2

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meet Kumari ◽  
Reecha Sharma ◽  
Anu Sheetal
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Transmission Distance ◽  
Wdm Pon

AbstractNowadays, bandwidth demand is enormously increasing, that causes the existing passive optical network (PON) to become the future optical access network. In this paper, next generation passive optical network 2 (NG-PON2) based, optical time division multiplexing passive optical network (OTDM-PON), wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON) and time & wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (TWDM-PON) systems with 20 Gbps (8 × 2.5 Gbps) downstream and 20 Gbps (8 × 2.5 Gbps) upstream capacity for eight optical network units has been proposed. The performance has been compared by varying the input power (−6 to 27 dBm) and transmission distance (10–130 km) in terms of Q-factor and optical received power in the presence of fiber noise and non-linearities. It has been observed that TWDM-PON outperforms OTDM-PON and WDM-PON for high input power and data rate (20/20 Gbps). Also, TWDM-PON shows its superiority for long-reach transmission up to 130 km, which is a cost-effective solution for future NG-PON2 applications.

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