Effect of LDL Addition Into Selected Bull Sperm Diluters on Resistance of Spermatozoa Against Cold Shock

The aim of work was to determine the effect of LDL cholesterol addition into selected diluters on the resistance of spermatozoa against cold shock and on their short-term survivability during cold test. The hypothesis was that the addition of LDL cholesterol will positively affects sperm resistance to cold shock and ensures a higher survivability of spermatozoa during short-term cold survival test. Four bulls of different breeds and ages, from the same sire insemination center were used. A total of eight semen collections were processed. Each ejaculate was divided into 6 portions (3 controls and 3 samples). Three commercially produced diluters, AndroMed®, Bioxcell®, and Triladyl® were used, each in standard and LDL enriched variants. In the case of AndroMed® or Bioxcell®, 6% of LDL was simply added. In Triladyl®, 10% of LDL replaced the standard egg yolk component. Spermatozoa resistance to cold shock was evaluated by the percentage of live sperm using Eosin-Nigrosine staining. The results showed the influence of bull individuality as an important factor. It is possible to recommend Bioxcell® with addition of LDL cholesterol in 6% concentration, which survivability was 69.17% at the beginning of the test, and 52.94% after 2 hours of incubation.

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Effect of bull, diluter and LDL-cholesterol concentration on spermatozoa resistance against cold shock

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun201361061575 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 61 (6) ◽

pp. 1575-1581 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jan Beran ◽

Ondřej Šimoník ◽

Luděk Stádník ◽

Radko Rajmon ◽

Jaromír Ducháček ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Shock ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Cholesterol Concentration ◽

Shock Test ◽

Subsequent Research ◽

Live Sperm ◽

Required Quality ◽

Fresh Semen

The objectives of this study were to determine and evaluate the effect of bull, diluter and addition of LDL in different concentration on the percentage rate of spermatozoa survival after cold shock. In total, four bulls were collected during a period of eight weeks. A total of 8 samples of fresh semen with required quality were processed. Three extenders were used for dilution of each sample; AndroMed®, Bioxcell® and Triladyl®, each in standard and LDL enriched variants. In the case of AndroMed® and Bioxcell®, 4, 6 and 8% of LDL were simply added. In Triladyl®, 6, 8 and 10% of LDL replaced the standard egg yolk component. Resistance of spermatozoa against cold shock (0 °C, 10 minutes) was evaluated by the percentage rate of live sperm using Eosin-Nigrosine staining immediately and 2 hours after heat incubation (37 °C). The results showed the influence of bull individuality as an important factor. Among diluters used it is possible to recommend AndroMed® and Bioxcell® due to significantly (P < 0.01) lower decline of live sperm proportion during the cold shock test than Triladyl® (-9.19, respectively -4.95%). The optimal LDL concentration increasing resistance of spermatozoa against cold shock was not determined, therefore subsequent research is necessary.

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259 ADDITION OF CHOLESTEROL TO FLOW-SORTED BULL SPERMATOZOA TO ENHANCE CRYOSURVIVAL DOES NOT AFFECT THE ACROSOME REACTION

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rdv20n1ab259 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 209

Author(s):

E. G. Crichton ◽

J. K. Graham ◽

J. L. Schenk

Keyword(s):

Acrosome Reaction ◽

Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Tris Buffer ◽

Food Dye ◽

Fort Collins ◽

Effect Of Treatment ◽

Bull Sperm ◽

Live Sperm ◽

Unpublished Research

Treating bull sperm with cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrins (CLCs) improves post-thaw motility and viability (Purdy and Graham 2004 Biol. Reprod. 71, 522–527). Unpublished research in our laboratory demonstrated similar improvements for cryosurvival of CLC-treated sex-sorted bull sperm. Our objective was to determine the effects of CLCs on the dilauroylphosphatidylcholine (PC12)-induced acrosome reaction of flow-sorted and non-sorted (control), frozen/thawed bull sperm. Sperm concentrations (3 ejaculates, 4 bulls) were adjusted to 200 × 106 sperm mL–1 with TALP without Ca++. Sperm for sorting were stained (63 μm Hoechst 33342, 34.5°C, 45 min), and then incubated an additional 15 min with 2.5 mg CLC in TALP (+CLC) or an equivalent volume of TALP without CLCs (–CLC), adjusted to 100 × 106 sperm mL–1 with 4% egg yolk TALP containing 0.002% food dye, filtered, and ‘bulk’ sorted (Schenk et al. 1999 Theriogenology 52, 1375–1391) into 2.0 mL aliquots of 20% egg yolk Tris buffer. Controls were extended in 20% egg yolk Tris A to result in a final concentration of 21 × 106 sperm mL–1. All samples were cooled to 5°C over 90 min, and Tris buffer with (controls) or without (flow-sorted) egg yolk (12% glycerol) was added (v/v). Sorted samples were centrifuged (850g, 20 min), and pellets were suspended in 20% egg yolk/6% glycerol Tris, resulting in 21 × 106 sperm mL–1. Sperm were loaded into 0.25-mL straws and frozen over LN2 vapor. Straws were subsequently thawed (30 s, 37°C), and 25 million sperm/treatment were centrifuged through 60% Percoll® to remove egg yolk. Pellets were adjusted to 20 × 106 sperm mL–1 with TALP containing 2.0 mm Ca++. Aliquots (30 μL) were stained with propidium iodide (PI) and fluorescein isothiocyanate–peanut agglutinin (FITC-PNA); treated with 0, 25, or 35 μL PC12; and brought to a constant volume (300 μL) with TALP. TALP (30 μL) containing 42 mm Ca++ was added, resulting in final concentrations of 0, 68, and 95 μm PC12 and 6 mm Ca++. Following incubation (38°C, 35–40 min) 50 000 sperm were analyzed on an SX MoFlo® (Dako, Fort Collins, CO, USA) to determine the percentage of live acrosome-reacted sperm/live sperm(PI –ve, FITC +ve). There were no differences between CLC-treated and non-treated sorted or non-sorted sperm (Table 1) suggesting that, as previously shown for non-sorted sperm (Purdy and Graham 2004), treatment of flow-sorted sperm with CLCs does not interfere with the progression of the acrosome reaction. Table 1. Effect of treatment with CLCs on % live acrosome-reacted (mean ± SEM) non-sorted and flow-sorted cryopreserved bull spermatozoa

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Quality of Labrador- Retriever dog semen on short-term preservation in different extenders

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.v0iof.7832 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Arunoday Das ◽

R. K. Biswas ◽

B. C. Deka ◽

D. J. Dutta

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Sperm Head ◽

Labrador Retriever ◽

Comparative Efficacy ◽

Short Term ◽

Sample Technique ◽

Digital Manipulation ◽

Live Sperm

The objective of the present study was to find the comparative efficacy of three extenders to preserve semen of Labrador-Retriever (LR) dogs at 5o C for a short term. The semen samples of LR dogs were collected by digital manipulation method and extended at the rate of 1:4 in Tris-Egg Yolk- Citric Acid-Glucose (TEYCAG), Tris-Egg Yolk- Citric Acid-Fructose (TEYCAF) and Egg Yolk-Citrate-Glycine-Glucose (EYCGG) extenders by split sample technique. Semen was evaluated at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours of preservation. Mean motile, live and HOST-reacted sperm and acrosomal, head, mid piece and tail abnormalities of spermatozoa varied significantly (PP less than 0.01) between extenders and between preservation periods. The interactions between extender and preservation period were also significant (P less than 0.01) except for HOST-reacted and head abnormalities of sperm. The highest mean motile, live and HOST-reacted sperm were recorded in TEYCAG extender which did not differ significantly from that of TEYCAF extender. Mean per cent sperm acrosomal and tail abnormalities were significantly (PP less than 0.05) lower, and the incidences of mean sperm head and mid piece abnormalities were also lower in TEYCAG, but not significantly from that in TEYCAF irrespective of hour of preservation. Per cent motile, live and HOST-reacted sperm were significantly (PP less than 0.05) lower and sperm acrosomal, head, mid piece and tail abnormalities were significantly (PP less than 0.05) higher in EYCGG as compared to that in TEYCAG and TEYCAF irrespective of hour of preservation. It was concluded that the semen of LR dog sustained good quality during preservation up to 5 days at 5oC suitable for successful artificial insemination and would be preserved better in TEYCAG and TEYCAF extenders than in EYCGG extender, since more than 50 per cent sperm motility and live sperm were maintained up to 120 hours of preservation in the former two extenders.

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Effect of cooling and cryopreservation on sperm motility and morphology of several species of marsupial

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rd9960673 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 673 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

DA Taggart ◽

CM Leigh ◽

VR Steele ◽

WG Breed ◽

PD Temple-Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sperm Motility ◽

Cold Shock ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

The Other ◽

Brushtail Possum ◽

Motile Sperm ◽

Sperm Cryopreservation ◽

Marsupial Species ◽

Live Sperm

The effects of long-term cooling and freezing on sperm motility are described for six marsupial species: the fat-tailed dunnart, koala, brushtail possum, long-footed potoroo, northern brown bandicoot and ring-tailed possum. The effects of up to eight days of cooling at 4 degrees C on the motility of dunnart spermatozoa and the effect of cryopreservation on spermatozoa of the other species were determined. The cryoprotectant used was a Tris-citrate-fructose-egg yolk-glycerol diluent. The percentage and rating of sperm motility, and sperm structure, as determined by light microscopy, were investigated. Sperm motility in the fat-tailed dunnart was retained for up to six days when cooled to 4 degrees C, suggesting that sperm from this species have some degree of tolerance to cold shock. After this time, however, the percentage of motile spermatozoa and their motility rating declined. In all species except the fat-tailed dunnart, reinitiation of motility following cryopreservation occurred across a range of glycerol concentrations (4-17%). Cryoprotectant containing 6% and/or 8% glycerol resulted in little change of motility rating or of the percentage of live sperm after thawing, although there was some decline in the percentage of motile sperm. The unusual structural and motility characteristics of dunnart spermatozoa may account for the lack of success of sperm cryopreservation in this species.

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Kriopreservasi Semen Kambing Boer dengan Konsentrasi Pengencer Nira Aren dan Gliserol Berbeda

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis ◽

10.33772/jitro.v6i1.5422 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Muhammad Riyadhi ◽

Anis Wahdi ◽

Muhammad Rizal

Keyword(s):

Sperm Motility ◽

Membrane Integrity ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Boer Goat ◽

Palm Juice ◽

Sperm Membrane ◽

Live Sperm

ABSTRAK Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas nira aren sebagai pengencer alternatif dalam proses pembekuan (kriopreservasi) semen kambing boer.Kriopreservasi semen kambing boer menggunakan pengencer tris-gliserol-kuning telur (P1 73-7-20%), nira aren-gliseol-kuning telur(masing-masing P2 74-6-20%, P3 73-7-20%, dan P4 72-8-20%) dan andromed (P5 tanpa mengandung kuning telur dan gliserol). Parameter evaluasi meliputi motilitas, viabilitas, dan membrane plasma utuh setelah pengenceran, ekuilibrasi dan thawing. Evaluasi motilitas pasca thawing menunjukkan P5 52% berbeda nyata (P<0.05) dengan P1 42%, selanjutnya P5 dan P1 berbeda sangat nyata (P<0.05) dengan P2 8%, P3 6% dan P4 12%. Viabilitas pasca thawing menunjukkan P5 65,4% tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) dengan P1 61,8%, akan tetapi P5 dan P1 berbeda sangat nyata (P<0.05) dengan P2 26,2%, P3 29,8%, dan P4 34%. Membran plasma utuh (MPU) pasca thawing menunjukkan P5 66,2% tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) dengan P1 65,4%, akan tetapi keduanya berbeda sangat nyata (P<0.05) dengan P2 39%, P3 38%, dan P4 36,2%. Disimpulkan kriopreservasi semen kambing boer dengan pengencer nira aren dan gliserol pada konsentrasi berbeda belum dapat dipergunakan sebagai sumber bibit berdasarkan standar nasional Indonesia.Kata Kunci : Kambing boer, semen, nira arenABSTRACTThe experiment was conducted to determine the effect of sugar palm juice as alternative extender for cryopreservation process of boer semen.Tris-glycerol-egg yolk (P1 73-7-20%), Sugar palm juice-glyserol-egg yolk (P2 74-6-20%, P373-7-20%, dan P4 72-8-20%), and andromed (P5) used as a extender in the cryopreservation process of boer semen. Sperm motility (%), live sperm (%) and sperm membrane integrity (%) were recorded after diluted, equilibration and freeze-thawing. Result of post thawing motility showed that P5 52% was significantly different (P <0.05) with P1 42%, then P5 and P1 were significantly different (P <0.05) with P2 8%, P3 6% and P4 12%. Viability after thawing showed P5 65.4% was not significantly different (P> 0.05) with P1 61.8%, but P5 and P1 significantly different (P <0.05) with P2 26.2%, P3 29.8 %, and P4 34%. Spermmembrane integrity post-thawing showed P5 66.2% was not significantly different (P> 0.05) with P1 65.4%, but both were very significantly different (P <0.05) with P2 39%, P3 38% and P4 36.2%. Conclusions, sugar palm juice-glycerol-egg yolk with differentconcentrationsineffectively as an alternative extenderin cryopreservation of boer semen.Keywords: boer goat, semen, sugar palm juice

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Ultrastructure and Fertilizing Ability of Limousin Bull Sperm after Storage in Cep-2 Extender with and Without Egg Yolk

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3923/pjbs.2012.979.985 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (20) ◽

pp. 979-985 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Nur Ducha ◽

T. Susilawati ◽

Aulanni`am . ◽

Sri Wahyunings ◽

Mulyoto Pangestu

Keyword(s):

Egg Yolk ◽

Fertilizing Ability ◽

Bull Sperm

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Statin Induced Dysuria- A Case Report

Indian Journal of Cardiovascular Disease in Women WINCARS ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1656392 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 01 (02) ◽

pp. 028-030

Author(s):

Radhika Soanker ◽

Arun Jyothi ◽

Sita ram

Keyword(s):

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽

Primary Target ◽

Short Term ◽

Statin Group ◽

Lowering Therapy ◽

Hypolipidemic Drugs ◽

Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

AbstractStatins are a class of hypolipidemic drugs, that are primarily used for the treatment of dyslipidemia and the prevention of cardiovascular disease. ATP III guidelines, 2002, recommends that LDL cholesterol be the primary target of therapy, and lipid lowering therapy may be initiated based on evaluation of short term and long term cardiovascular risk(1). We are report a case of dysuria follow statin group of drugs, which is not enlisted in the side effect of these drugs. In the present case after re-challenge with similar group of drug patient again developed the symptoms. Underlying hyperlipidemia was effectively controlled with Fenofibrates.

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Short-term Increase in Risk of Overweight and Concomitant Systolic Blood Pressure Elevation in Treatment Naïve Persons Starting INSTI-based Antiretroviral Therapy

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz491 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ronald Galdamez ◽

José A García ◽

Marta Fernández ◽

Catalina Robledano ◽

Vanessa Agulló ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

University Hospital ◽

Strand Transfer ◽

Metabolic Disturbances ◽

Short Term ◽

Metabolic Markers ◽

Blood Pressure Elevation ◽

Treatment Naïve

Abstract Background Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI) have been associated with weight gain, but their effect on short-term overweight/obesity incidence, blood pressure(BP) and metabolic markers change has not been described in treatment-naïve people with HIV(PWH). Methods Medical records of treatment-naïve persons starting ART at the HIV Clinic of University Hospital of Elche(Spain), between January 2007 and July 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Standard procedures included measurements of weight, BP and metabolic assessment. Data at baseline, 48, 72, and 96 weeks post ART initiation were analysed. We used Cox mixed-effects model to generate predictions of BMI over time and Generalized Additive Mixed Models(GAMM) to relax the linearity assumptions and generate 95% confidence intervals in the multivariable adjust. Results Among 219 (median age 44.0 years, IQR=37.0-53.5; 46 females) participants. Baseline weight mean(SD) was 70.4(13.7)kg without difference between regimens; 66% had a BMI <25 kg/mt2. The incidence of overweight/obesity was significantly greater in persons starting INSTI-based regimens: 15(36.6%) of 41 patients treated with INSTI vs 30(28.9%) of 104 treated with other ART regimens(HR 2.3, 95%CI, 1.2–4.4;p=0.011). In contrast to other ART regimens, patients treated with INSTI showed a significant increase in systolic BP(SBP) (adjusted increase 7.0 mmHg, 95%CI, 0.3–13.7;p=0.039) that was correlated with weight gain (r=0.13, 95%CI, 0.10-0.16;p<0.001). Patients who reached overweight/obesity in INSTI-based ART showed a significant increase in LDL cholesterol. Conclusions INSTI-based ART was associated in the short-term with a greater risk of overweight/obesity and SBP elevation. Patients developing overweight/obesity increased LDL cholesterol with no other metabolic disturbances.

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