Effect of 2-Cys Peroxiredoxins Inhibition on Redox Modifications of Bull Sperm Proteins

Sperm peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are moonlighting proteins which, in addition to their antioxidant activity, also act as redox signal transducers through PRDX-induced oxidative post-translational modifications of proteins (oxPTMs). Despite extensive knowledge on the antioxidant activity of PRDXs, the mechanisms related to PRDX-mediated oxPTMs are poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of bull sperm 2-Cys PRDX inhibition by Conoidin A on changes in oxPTM levels under control and oxidative stress conditions. The results showed that a group of sperm mitochondrial (LDHAL6B, CS, ACO2, SDHA, ACAPM) and actin cytoskeleton proteins (CAPZB, ALDOA, CCIN) is oxidized due to the action of 2-Cys PRDXs under control conditions. In turn, under oxidative stress conditions, 2-Cys PRDX activity seems to be focused on antioxidant function protecting glycolytic, TCA pathway, and respiratory chain enzymes; chaperones; and sperm axonemal tubulins from oxidative damage. Interestingly, the inhibition of PRDX resulted in oxidation of a group of rate-limiting glycolytic proteins, which is known to trigger the switching of glucose metabolism from glycolysis to pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). The obtained results are expected to broaden the knowledge of the potential role of bull sperm 2-Cys in both redox signal transmission and antioxidant activity.

Suppementation of Kelor Leaf (Moringa oleifera) Aqueous Extract Increase on Post-Thawed Limousin Bull Sperm Quality

The purpose of this research was to determine the best dosage of Moringa oleifera Aqueous extract in egg yolk skim milk extender for post thawed Limousin Bull sperm quality on aspect viability, and the level of. The treatment was divided into five groups: egg yolk and skim milk diluter (P0), 2,5% M. oleifera aqueous ekstract in 4 ml egg yolk skim milk (P1), 5% M. oleifera aqueous ekstract in 4 ml egg yolk skim milk (P2), 10% M. oleifera aqueous ekstract in 4 ml egg yolk skim milk (P3), 20% M. oleifera aqueous ekstract in 4 ml egg yolk skim milk (P4). The sperm quality was observed post thawing. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncant Test. The best sperm motility showed on P2 with 43b ± 5,70, the best sperm viability showed on P3 with 58,20b ± 8,72 and than the lowest level of malondialdehyde showed on P4 with 5,434a ± 1,034. In conclusion addition of M. oleifera on dose 10% can increase quality of Limousin Sperm Post Thawed.

Macro- and microelements in serum and seminal plasma as biomarkers for bull sperm cryotolerance

ABSTRACT Background Wide variation in fertility rates is observed when using frozen bull semen, even when the bulls have met quality standards for semen production. Therefore, a simple and reliable test to assess the freezing potential of bull semen based on the analysis of fresh semen or blood would be of great value. Attention is now turning to assessment of seminal plasma components such as proteins and elements. In the present study, the concentrations of macro- and microelements in fresh bull semen plasma and in serum and their correlation with quality characteristics of fresh semen and with semen quality after freezing and thawing were determined. Ejaculates were collected from 30 mature bulls, and semen volume, concentration, sperm motility, morphology, tail membrane integrity, plasma membrane permeability and DNA fragmentation were determined on the day of collection and after freezing and thawing. The concentrations of macroelements (Na, Mg, K and Ca) and microelements (Cu, Fe, Zn and Se) were determined in the seminal plasma and serum. The semen samples were classified into satisfactory and unsatisfactory groups according to the fresh semen quality. Results Zinc and Se levels measured in serum were associated with almost all fresh and frozen-thawed semen quality characteristics, while Fe levels were associated only with acrosomal defects in fresh semen. Zinc and Fe levels in fresh seminal plasma were associated with various quality characteristics of fresh and frozen-thawed semen, while Se level in fresh seminal plasma was not associated with any of the semen quality characteristics. Conclusions Microelements were shown to be useful as biomarkers involved in the analysis of bull sperm quality and could be used as an additional tool to predict bull semen quality after freezing and thawing. Our results confirm that the analysis of Zn and Se levels in serum and Zn, Cu and Fe levels in fresh seminal plasma can provide information to discriminate between bull semen samples with spermatozoa with high or low cryotolerance.