fertilizing ability
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Author(s):  
A. Gulov ◽  
A. Laskin

Purpose: Conducting a honey diluent test for creeples of sperm of a drone honey bee.Materials and methods. The material for the research served a sperm of the milled drone drums of the "Prioksky" type of the Midway breed of bees. The selection of sperm was carried out in June-July 2020 g by the method of artificial stimulation of the turning of the endofalosha in half-armed drones aged 25-30 days. The rock type "Prioksky" of the middle Russian breed of bees. Before freezing, the sperm was stored in glass capillaries in the cooled state at 3 ° C for 2 months. The following composition of the diluent was tested - 10% honey, lactose, sucrose, egg yolk and dimethyl sulfoxide.Results. Studies have shown the viability of sperm at 64.0 ± 1.8% (41.5-83.7), and a total mobility of 2.2 ± 0.6% (0-11.5). To evaluate the fertilizing ability of sperm, carried out artificial insemination of 10 bee modules. In 4 seeded bees dykens, the presence of sperm in a seed-hearter with a concentration of sperm from 0.22-4.4 million / μl is revealed. In paired eggs of three other seeded matters, the presence of sperm and the complete absence of spermatozoa in the seed-receptionist are recorded.Conclusion. Tests of the honey diluent for deep freezing sperm of the drone honey bees in liquid nitrogen confirmed its cryophylactic properties.


2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (2) ◽  
pp. 022076
Author(s):  
Iu Baiandina

Abstract The sperm motility of fish reflects their fertilizing ability. Sperm activation in fish with external fertilization occurs in an isotonic medium (sea or freshwater). The duration of sperm motility is a compromise between the level of energy reserves possessed by the sperm and the process of osmotic damage it experiences in the activating medium. Under natural conditions, various biotic and abiotic factors can affect the characteristics of motility. At the same time, when assessing the reproductive potential of males in laboratory conditions, the dilution and methods of its activation have a significant effect on the characteristics of sperm quality (namely, speed, the proportion of motile spermatozoa, and the time of their activity). In our work, we determined the main characteristics of the motility of the Black Sea turbot sperm at a dilution of 1:10 and 1: 100 with seawater. We have shown that, the average speed and percentage of motile sperm significantly decrease with higher dilution of seawater.


Author(s):  
María Milagros Giaccagli ◽  
Matías Daniel Gómez-Elías ◽  
Jael Dafne Herzfeld ◽  
Clara Isabel Marín-Briggiler ◽  
Patricia Sara Cuasnicú ◽  
...  

To become fully competent to fertilize an egg, mammalian sperm undergo a series of functional changes within the female tract, known as capacitation, that require an adequate supply and management of energy. However, the contribution of each ATP generating pathway to sustain the capacitation-associated changes remains unclear. Based on this, we investigated the role of mitochondrial activity in the acquisition of sperm fertilizing ability during capacitation in mice. For this purpose, the dynamics of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was studied by flow cytometry with the probe tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE). We observed a time-dependent increase in MMP only in capacitated sperm as well as a specific staining with the probe in the flagellar region where mitochondria are confined. The MMP rise was prevented when sperm were exposed to the mitochondrial uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazine (CCCP) or the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H89 during capacitation, indicating that MMP increase is dependent on capacitation and H89-sensitive events. Results showed that whereas nearly all motile sperm were TMRE positive, immotile cells were mostly TMRE negative, supporting an association between high MMP and sperm motility. Furthermore, CCCP treatment during capacitation did not affect PKA substrate and tyrosine phosphorylations but produced a decrease in hyperactivation measured by computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA), similar to that observed after H89 exposure. In addition, CCCP inhibited the in vitro sperm fertilizing ability without affecting cumulus penetration and gamete fusion, indicating that the hyperactivation supported by mitochondrial function is needed mainly for zona pellucida penetration. Finally, complementary in vivo fertilization experiments further demonstrated the fundamental role of mitochondrial activity for sperm function. Altogether, our results show the physiological relevance of mitochondrial functionality for sperm fertilization competence.


Fishes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Giusy Rusco ◽  
Michele Di Iorio ◽  
Roberta Iampietro ◽  
Alessandra Roncarati ◽  
Stefano Esposito ◽  
...  

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different cold-storage time intervals between collection and semen-freezing on both fresh and cryopreserved semen motility parameters and the post-thaw fertilizing ability of Mediterranean brown trout semen. The ejaculates were split into six aliquots and stored on ice from 1 to 6 h, until freezing. Fresh and post-thaw sperm motility was evaluated by a Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis system, whilst the fertilizing ability was assessed by in vivo trials. In fresh semen, at 3 h of storage, a significant decrease of total motility, linear movement (STR, LIN) and beat cross frequency (BCF) was recorded, whilst the amplitude of lateral displacement of the spermatozoon head (ALH) underwent a significant increase. In frozen semen, no significant difference was observed for all the motility parameters evaluated, except for the total motility between 1 and 6 h of storage and the duration of sperm movement between 1 and 5 h. Cold-storage time did not significantly affect the percentage of live embryos following the use of frozen semen. In conclusion, our results showed that, if necessary, the Mediterranean brown trout semen can be frozen even until 6 h post-collection without losing its fertilizing ability.


Author(s):  
M. P. Gutman ◽  
N. N. Gorb ◽  
V. M. Sorokoletova

The primary purpose of this work is to study the heat stress on the quality of sperm production in boars of different breeds (Large White, Landrace, Duroc, Maxgro). The authors found that heat stress affects the activity of pigs. The desire to reduce heat production leads to sedentary, passive animals, accompanied by decreased appetite, shortness of breath and inhibition of sexual reflexes in individuals. Against this background, the disturbances arising in the body, reinforced by a local increase in scrotal temperature, harm semen quality. The authors observed a tendency for decreased ejaculate volume and a decrease (statistically significant in most breeds) in the sperm concentration in the ejaculate by 11.47-34.96%. But at the same time, the organoleptic values (colour, consistency, smell) did not change. Heat stress hurts the fertility of pigs, reducing the probability of successful embryo implantation. The fertility of sow inseminated with semen from boars during heat stress decreased by 10.3-23.7%. And also, the fertility of the sow did not reach pre-stress levels until the end of the observation. Based on the study results, the authors found that, depending on the breed, pigs can tolerate heat stress in a more severe or milder form. The species Large White and Maxgro are less sensitive to increased ambient temperature (they had fewer changes in general condition, semen and fertility) than Duroc and Landrace pigs.


Author(s):  
Ludmila Curci ◽  
Guillermo Carvajal ◽  
Valeria Sulzyk ◽  
Soledad Natalia Gonzalez ◽  
Patricia S. Cuasnicú

Cation channel of sperm (CatSper), the main sperm-specific Ca2+ channel, plays a key role in mammalian fertilization, and it is essential for male fertility, becoming an attractive target for contraception. Based on this, in the present work, we investigated the effects of CatSper inactivation on in vitro and in vivo sperm fertilizing ability and the mechanisms underlying such effects. Exposure of cauda epididymal mouse sperm to different concentrations (1–20 μM) of the potent CatSper inhibitor HC-056456 (HC) during in vitro capacitation showed no effects on sperm viability but significantly affected Ca2+ entry into the cells, progressive motility, protein tyrosine phosphorylation, induced acrosome reaction, and hyperactivation, as well as the sperm’s ability to in vitro fertilize cumulus oocyte complexes and zona-free eggs. Whereas the presence of HC during gamete coincubation did not affect in vitro fertilization, exposure of either non-capacitating or already capacitated sperm to HC prior to gamete coincubation severely reduced fertilization, indicating that sperm function is affected by HC when the cells are incubated with the drug before sperm–egg interaction. Of note, insemination of HC-treated sperm into the uterus significantly or completely reduced the percentage of oviductal fertilized eggs showing, for the first time, the effects of a CatSper inhibitor on in vivo fertilization. These observations, together with the finding that HC affects sperm fertilizing ability independently of the sperm capacitation status, provide further insights on how CatSper regulates sperm function and represent a solid proof of concept for developing a male/female non-hormonal contraceptive based on the pharmacological blockage of CatSper activity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
A. S. Siabro ◽  

Peroxide oxidation processes play a leading role in ensuring the motility, survival and fertilizing ability of sperm. A special role is given to limiting antioxidants (vitamins, amino acids, microelements). Therefore, the development of standardized feeding programs to provide antioxidant nutrition is one of the effective methods of reproductive biotechnology. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of copper citrate on the quality of sperm production and the formation of prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis in sperm of boars. The experiment used adult boars of a large white breed, analogs in age, live weight and quality of sperm products. Experimental groups were fed copper citrate above the norm by 10% and 20%. It has been determined that feeding combined feed to boars with the addition of this compound in an amount of 10% above norm probably increases the weight of ejaculate by 12.5% (P<0.05), the sperm motility and survival by 6.5% (P<0.01) and 13.5% (P<0.001), respectively. Such changes in sperm occur against the background of an increase in SOD activity by 80.6% (P<0.05), a decrease in catalase by 43.5% (P<0.05), a slowing down of peroxidation processes — a decrease in diene conjugates and TBA-active compounds. The additional introduction to the diet of copper citrate by 20% more than normal increases the concentration of spermatozoa by 13.2% (P<0.01), the number of live spermatozoa by 20.7% (P<0,01), with a simultaneous decrease in their survival, due to the acceleration of peroxidation processes — an increase in the content of diene conjugates, TBA-active compounds and DAA and a decrease in reduced glutathione. It has been found out that the fertilizing ability of sperm significantly depended on the amount of fed microelement. Sows inseminated with sperm of boars receiving copper supplement in the diet by 10%, had higher fertility rates by 7.1%, multifertility by 3.6%, and a litter weight at weaning by 8.8%. The additional administration of copper citrate reduced the fertility of sperm by 20%, as the fertility rate of sows of III group was the lowest and was 7.7% and 14.3% lower compared to I and II groups. A similar trend occurred in terms of high fertility, a litter weight at birth and weaning. Therefore, the additional feeding of a small amount of copper has a positive effect on the functional activity of sperm and the processes of normal fertilization, growth and development of embryos and newborn piglets by optimizing the formation of prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis.


2021 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
А.А. Королев ◽  
Н.С. Баранова

Представлен анализ носительства ценных генотипов по каппа-казеину (ВВ) и бета-казеину (А2А2) у быков-производителей костромской породы. У этих быков изучена их оплодотворяющая способность. Материалом для исследования послужили геномные паспорта, племенные свидетельства на быков-производителей костромской породы и базы СЕЛЭКС двух племенных хозяйств. Быки заводских линий имеют относительно невысокую кровность по бурой швицкой породе (от 7 до 41%). Носителями ценного генотипа для производства сыра (ВВ) являются 11 быков (55,0%). Генотип по бета-казеину А2А2 выявлен у 9 быков (45,0%). Быки-производители Лечо 667, Кагор 41, Клим 996, Залив 9220, Маневр 8589 имеют одновременный гомозиготный генотип по каппа-казеину (ВВ) и бета-казеину (А2А2). Среди быков костромской породы отсутствуют генотипы по каппа-казеину (AA) и бета-казеину (А1А1). Для характеристики оплодотворяющей способности семени брали данные по быкам, семенем которых осеменено не менее 80–100 коров и тёлок. Быки-производители Буран 95 и Залив 9220 имели высокие индексы осеменения тёлок (1,5–1,6) в обоих хозяйствах. В племенном хозяйстве СПК «Гридино» высокий индекс осеменения коров выявлен у быка Залива 9220 (1,6), что превосходит показатели (при Р < 0,01) других быков: Бурана 95 (на 0,2) и Лечо 667 (на 0,4). Данные исследования могут использоваться при закреплении быков-производителей в хозяйствах с целью совершенствования качественных показателей молока, необходимых для производства сыра и молочных продуктов. The analysis of valuable genotypes carrier by kappa-casein (BB) and beta-casein (A2A2) in bull-sires of the Kostroma breed is presented. The fertilizing ability of these bulls has been studied. The material for the study was genomic passports, breeding certificates for bulls-sires of the Kostroma breed and CELEX bases of two breeding farms. Bulls of factory lines have a relatively low blood along the Brown Swiss breed (from 7 to 41%). The carriers of the valuable genotype for cheese (BB) production are 11 bulls (55.0%). The beta-casein genotype A2A2 was found in 9 bulls (45.0%). Bull-sires Lecho 667, Kagor 41, Klim 996, Zaliv 9220, Manevr 8589 have a simultaneous homozygous genotype for kappa-casein (BB) and beta-casein (A2A2). Among the bulls of the Kostroma breed, there are no genotypes for kappa-casein (AA) and beta-casein (A1A1). To characterize the fertilizing ability of the semen, data on bulls were taken, the semen of which was inseminated at least 80–100 cows and heifers. Bull-sires Buran 95 and Zaliv 9220 had high insemination indices for heifers (1.5–1.6) in both farms. In the breeding farm of the APC Gridino, a high cow insemination index was found in the bull Zaliv 9220 (1.6), which exceeds the indicators (at P < 0.01) of other bulls: Buran 95 (by 0.2) and Lecho 667 (by 0.4). The research data can be used in fixing bull-sires in farms in order to improve the quality indicators of milk necessary for the production of cheese and dairy products


2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110214
Author(s):  
Priyankar Pal ◽  
Sagnik Biswas ◽  
Prabir Kumar Mukhopadhyay

Epididymis is a complex tubular structure of male reproductive system where spermatozoa undergo maturation and gain the fertilizing ability. Epididymal pseudostratified columnar epithelium with different cell types play imperative role by their secretory properties and enrich the luminal microenvironment necessary for achieving spermatozoal motility. During epididymal transit several secretory proteins like P26h, SPAG11, HSPD1 and many others are deposited on spermatozoal surface. At the same time spermatozoal proteins are also modified in this intraluminal milieu, which include cyritestin, fertilin, CE9 and others. Natural and anthropogenic activities disclose various environmental pollutants which affect different physiological systems of animals and human being. Likewise, reproductive system is also being affected. Fluoride causes structural alterations of caput and cauda segments of epididymis. Redox homeostasis and functional integrity are also altered due to diminished activities of SOD1, GR, Crisp2, Lrp2 and other important proteins. On the contrary arsenic affects mostly on cauda segment. Redox imbalance and functional amendment in epididymis have been observed with arsenic revelation as evidenced by altered genomic appearance of SOD, GST, catalase, Ddx3Y, VEGF and VEGFR2. This review is dealt with structure-function interplay in normal epididymal spermatozoal maturation along with subsequent complications developed under fluoride and arsenic toxicities.


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