scholarly journals North Korea’s External Economic Relations, 1990–2016

Hard Target ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Haggard ◽  
Marcus Noland
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Capital Inflows ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Coordination Problems ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
External Forces ◽  
Composition Of Trade

This chapter considers a variety of indicators on the nature of North Korea’s external economic relations, including its direction and composition of trade. These data suggest why coordination problems around sanctions and engagement have proven so difficult, as China has come to account for an increasing share of North Korea’s trade. The chapter provides a balance-of-payments accounting of the country and demonstrates how the regime has been able to adjust to sanctions through illicit activities and securing external forces of foreign exchange, including capital inflows, despite its ambivalent posture toward foreign investors.

scholarly journals ANCAMAN CAPITAL INFLOW

INFORMASI ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teguh Sihono ◽  
Rohaila Yusof
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Capital Inflow ◽  
Capital Inflows ◽  
Foreign Exchange Reserves ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Capital Assets ◽  
The Government

Capital inflow can be interpreted as an increase in the amount of money available from external or foreign sources for the purchase of local capital assets such as securities, houses, buildings, land, machinery. These short-term asset purchase, so if at any time be withdrawn in large quantities, it will endanger the country's economy. The swift flow of foreign funds may be a threat to the country which became the capital inflow in the form of options: pressure of inflation, high cost economy, the defisit Central Bank balance, the economic turbulence, and the threat of economic growth. Improvement of high economic growth accompanied by rising foreign exchange reserves that high also, it turns out is not free from the risk of unbridled inflation and economic cricis, destabilizing the economy during those funds withdrawn by foreign investors. For the avoidance of economic risk, should the government together with the Central Bank made a rule to direct capital inflow into the real sektor. Keywords: capital inflows, global likuiditas

The Quality of Kazakhstan’s Economic Policy and Balance of Payments

2008 ◽  
pp. 120-132
Author(s):  
K. Arystanbekov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Negative Balance ◽  
Macroeconomic Efficiency

Kazakhstan’s economic policy in 1996-2007, its character and the degree of responsibility, the correlation between economic development and balance of current accounts are considered in the article. Special attention is paid to the analysis of their macroeconomic efficiency. It is concluded that in conditions of high rates of economic growth in Kazahkstan in 2000-2007 the net profits of foreign investors are 10-11% of GDP every year. The tendency of negative balance of current accounts in favor of foreign investors is also analyzed.

Foreign Direct Investment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilmaz Akyüz
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Direct Contribution ◽  
High Profit

Recent years have also seen increased openness of EDEs to foreign direct investment (FDI) in search for faster growth and greater stability. However, FDI is one of the most ambiguous and least understood concepts in international economics. Common debate is confounded by several myths regarding its nature and impact. It is often portrayed as a stable, cross-border flow of capital that adds to productive capacity and meets foreign exchange shortfalls. However, the reality is far more complex. FDI does not always involve inflows of financial or real capital. Greenfield investment, unlike mergers and acquisitions, makes a direct contribution to productive capacity, but can crowd out domestic investors. FDI can induce significant instability in currency and financial markets. Its immediate contribution to balance-of-payments may be positive, but its longer-term impact is often negative because of high-profit remittances and import contents.

THE POTENTIAL OF CUSTOMS PAYMENTS IN THE MODERN REALITIES OF TRADE RELATIONS WITH THE EAEU AND EU COUNTRIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
I. A. ZHURAVLEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
The State ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Important Regulator

Customs payments are an important regulator of the country's economic presence in foreign economic relations and trade relations. Customs receipts serve as a landmark indicator that provides the revenue side of the budget in its significant income, and also determine the place of the state in the system of the interna-tional division of labor and its corresponding place in the value chain. Customs duties (CD) act as a kind of regulator of the amount of goods imported into the territory of the state, taking into account the state and conditions of the domestic market and the country's balance of payments. The positive financial and economic multifactorial nature of CD is manifested in stimulating the optimization of the structure of imports of goods and services, and in addition, it can act as a tool to protect domestic producers from external competitors, and strengthen the state's trade balance.

MÜASİR ŞƏRAİTDƏ AZƏRBAYCANIN VALYUTA SİYASƏTİNİN TƏKMİLLƏŞDİRİLMƏSİ VƏZİFƏLƏRİ VƏ İSTİQAMƏTLƏRİ

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (05) ◽  
pp. 122-125
Author(s):  
Kamil Sayavush Demirli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
International Capital ◽  
Foreign Exchange Reserves ◽  
Commodity Trade ◽  
Transit Service ◽  
Gas Balance

Key words: monetary policy, commodity trade foreign exchange reserves, balance of payments, oil and gas, balance, transportation, transit service, international, capital, perspective

scholarly journals NET BUYING (SELLING) INVESTOR ASING DAN PERUBAHAN KURS TERHADAP PERGERAKAN INDEKS PASAR

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignatius Roni Setyawan
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Foreign Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Investor ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Stationary Test

The article tested net buying selling in Jakarta Stock Exchange. JSX index stated an amazing leap during 2006 however the performance was affect by foreign investor rather than domestic investors. The research indicates that net buying selling forces by foreign investors and the fund transfer during transaction will affect the foreign exchange rate (USD to IDR). The study argues the increasing rate of net buying selling also increase the volatility of exchange rate. Using TARCH model, the research found significant result that supported the argument. The research also test the robustness of data using stationary test. Therefore, the result statistically hold and TARCH model plus AR (1) also hold during the analysis.

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