scholarly journals Evaluation Of The Mutagenic Potential Of The Polyphenol Extract From Blueberries In The Ames Test

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.T. Shulgau ◽  
S.D. Sergazy ◽  
A.M. Zhulikeeva ◽  
A.Y. Dautov ◽  
A.Y. Gulyayev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Mutation Induction ◽  
Spontaneous Mutations ◽  
Mutagenic Potential ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent

In this research, mutagenic properties of blueberry polyphenol extract were studied in gene mutation induction test (Ames test) on four strains of Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537. None of the strains of Salmonella typhimurium showed statistically reliable dose-dependent increase in number of revertant colonies in the presence of investigated drug in the studied dose range from 4,0 to 40,0 mg/ml relative to baseline of spontaneous mutations. The blueberry extract does not have any mutagenic activity in the researched dose range in relation to TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 strains of Salmonella typhimurium.

scholarly journals STUDY OF MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY NANO- AND MICROPARTICLES IN THE AMES TEST (SALMONELLA / MICROSOME)

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-460
Author(s):  
Lyudmila V. Akhaltseva ◽  
V. S. Zhurkov ◽  
L. P. Sycheva ◽  
O. N. Savostikova ◽  
A. V. Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Substitution Mutations ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Introduction. One of the important steps in assessing the nanoparticles (NP) safety is the analysis of mutagenic activity, including the evaluation of gene, chromosomal, and genomic mutations. Material and methods. The purpose of this investigation is to study the ability of different NP aqueus suspensions and the same compounds in microforms to unduce gene mutations in Salmonella/microsome test (Ames test). Anatase titanium dioxide NP coated with simethicone (33.16 ± 16.7 nm, 5-50000 μg/ml), magnetite NP coated with silicate (10 nm, 0.92-575 μg/ml), silver NP coated with аrabian gum (14 ± 0.2 nm, 5-50000 μg/ml), aluminum hydroxide nanofibres (50-70 nm, 24-3000 μg/ml) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Taunit MWСNTs, outer diameter 15-40 nm, inner diameter 3-8 nm, length 2 and more microns, 5-50000 μg/ml). In parallel, the mutagenic activity of equivalent microparticles was evaluated in experiments. Ames test (Salmonella/microsomes) registers gene mutations induced by a different mechanism of action, in the variant with preincubation. A set of Salmonella typhimurium indicator strains: TA 100 (base pair substitution mutations), TA 98 and TA 97 (mutations of the frameshift type of the genetic code) were used. Using addition the S9 microsomal activating mixture during the experiment makes it is possible to determine the effect not only of the substances themselves, but also of their metabolites. Conclusion. The investigated nanomaterials as well as their micro analogs in the studied dose range did not induce gene mutations in the Ames test both in presence and absence microsomal activating mixture.

Phytochemical and Antibacterial Action of Taro (Colocasia esculenta, Araceaea) Aqueous-Ethanolic Leaf Extract against Selected Bacterial Strains

10.17158/232 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judee N. Nogodula ◽  
Jessa Marie D. Draug ◽  
Maryjane S. Jamero
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Taro (Colocasia esculenta) plant is commonly available and popularly used as food and alternative medicine. To prove its medicinal value, the study explored its secondary metabolites from aqueous-ethanolic leaf extract. Specifically, this investigation aimed to classify its acute dermal toxicity and antibacterial activity, determine its Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and identify the equipotency with the standard drug and mutagenic activity. Phytochemical screening of tannins, alkaloids, saponins, cardenolides and bufadienolides, flavonoids, polyphenol compounds and anthraquinones was performed. Five healthy female rabbits were used for toxicity test based on OECD guidelines 404. Kirby-Bauer method was employed for antibacterial activity (susceptibility and potency tests) using Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, Clinical Isolate Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. A two-fold agar dilution was applied for Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Ames test was employed for direct mutagenicity assay using Salmonella typhimurium TA98. Results showed that leaf extract has no anthraquinone and it is categorized as non toxic up to allowable dose of 5000 mg/kg. The findings showed a significant difference on the mean zones of inhibition between Vancomycin and plant extract against S. aureus and between tetracycline and the extract towards E.coli. The MRSA and P. aeruginosa showed no significant differences. The MIC of extract is effective to MRSA and S. aureus at 105.26 and 50 mg/mL respectively. However, E. coli and P. aeruginosa are resistant up to the 105.26 mg/mL. Potency test revealed a non-comparability in strength between the extract and Azithromycin using Gram-negative bacteria. However, the extract showed comparable strength with the standard drug using MRSA and S. aureus. Ames test revealed a mutagenic activity using Salmonella typhimurium TA98.

scholarly journals Mutagenic Tests Confirm That New Acetylacetonate Pt(II) Complexes Induce Apoptosis in Cancer Cells Interacting with Nongenomic Biological Targets

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Angelica De Pascali ◽  
Federica Lugoli ◽  
Antonella De Donno ◽  
Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Resistant Cell ◽  
Biological Targets ◽  
Selective Substitution ◽  
Apoptotic Pathways ◽  
Mutation Assay

New platinum(II) complexes [PtCl(O,O′-acac)(L)] (1) and [Pt(O,O′-acac)(-acac)(L)] (2) (, a; DMS, b) containing a single chelated (O,O′-acac) (1), or one chelated and one -bonded (-acac) acetylacetonate (2) have been synthesized. The new Pt(II) complexes exhibited high in vitro cytotoxicity on cisplatin sensitive and resistant cell lines and showed negligible reactivity with nucleobases (Guo and 5′-GMP) but selective substitution of DMSO/DMS with soft biological nucleophiles, such as L-methionine. In order to assess the ability of the new complexes with respect to cisplatin to induce apoptosis by interaction with nongenomic targets, the Ames' test, a standard reverse mutation assay, was carried out on two Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA98 and TA100). Interestingly, the new complexes did not show the well-known mutagenic activity exhibited by cisplatin and are, therefore, able to activate apoptotic pathways without interacting with DNA.

scholarly journals Evaluation of mutagenic activity of the pesticides: actara, sencor, mospilan, pencozeb, fastac in the Ames test

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazira S Karamova ◽  
Alexandra P Denisova ◽  
Zenon Stasevski
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Potato Plant ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Toxic Concentrations ◽  
S9 Fraction

The mutagenic activity of five pesticides actara, sencor, mospilan, pencozeb, fastac widely used for treatment of potato plant lands in Tatarstan was tested in the Ames test. The non toxic concentrations of the pesticides determined in preliminary cytotoxicty test were used in the Ames assay. Pesticides actara, mospilan, pencozeb, fastac did not show mutagenic effect in Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 without rat liver S9 fraction. The weak mutagenic effect of herbicide sencor was established at concentration 1 ug/plate. Metabolic activation in vitro using rat liver S9 fraction decreased the mutagenic activity of sencor and did not alter the mutagenicity rate of the pesticides actara, mospilan, pencozeb and fastac.

Genotoxicity Testing of Cooked Cured Meat Pigment (CCMP) and Meat Emulsion Coagulates Prepared with CCMP

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 945-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. STEVANOVIĆ ◽  
P. ČADEŽ ◽  
B. ŽLENDER ◽  
M. FILIPIČ
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Meat Emulsion ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Umu Test ◽  
Musculus Quadriceps ◽  
Cured Meat ◽  
Residual Nitrite

The preformed cooked cured meat pigment (CCMP) synthesized directly from bovine red blood cells or through a hemin intermediate was found to be a viable colorant for application to comminuted pork as a nitrite substitute. However the genotoxicity of CCMP and meat emulsion coagulates prepared with CCMP has not been evaluated. Therefore the objectives of this work were to investigate genotoxicity of CCMP and the influence of CCMP addition on genotoxicity and the content of residual nitrite in model meat emulsion coagulates. Meat emulsions were prepared from white (musculus longissimus dorsi) and red (musculus quadriceps femoris) pork muscles with two different amounts of synthesized pigment CCMP. Comparatively, emulsions with fixed addition of nitrite salt and emulsions without any addition for color development were made. Genotoxicity of CCMP and meat emulsion coagulates was tested with the SOS/umu test and the Ames test. Neither CCMP nor meat emulsion coagulates prepared with CCMP or nitrite salt were genotoxic in the SOS/umu test. In the Ames test using Salmonella Typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 samples of coagulates prepared with CCMP and with nitrite showed weak mutagenic activity in Salmonella Typhimurium strain TA100 but only in the absence of the metabolic activation, while CCMP was not mutagenic. Coagulates prepared with CCMP contained significantly less residual nitrite than coagulates prepared with nitrite salt. These results indicate that from the human health standpoint the substitution of nitrite salt with CCMP would be highly recommendable.

Synthesis and mutagenicity of 2-aryl-substitute (o-hydroxy-, m-bromo-, o-methoxy-, o-nitro-phenyl or 4-pyridyl) benzothiazole derivatives on Salmonella typhimurium and human lymphocytes exposed in vitro

Biologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Berrin Ayaz Tuylu ◽  
Hulya Zeytinoglu ◽  
Ilhan Isikdag
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Benzothiazole Derivatives ◽  
Replication Index ◽  
Derivatives Of

AbstractDerivatives of 2-aryl-substitute (o-hydroxy-, m-bromo-, o-methoxy-, o-nitro-phenyl or 4-pyridyl) benzothiazole were synthesized and tested for their mutagenicity in in vitro assays: (i) in the Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains; and (ii) in the sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in cultured human lymphocytes. The four of compounds (BT-11, B-12, BT-14 and BT-15) caused statistically significant increase in revertant colonies of TA98 and TA100. Treatment of lymphocytes with compounds also caused a significant increase in SCE/cell in association with high levels and long exposure (300 µg/mL and 48 h) of the four compounds. It can be concluded that benzothiazole derivatives showed mutagenic activity and were also able to exert a genotoxic effect reducing both the replication index and mitotic index.

scholarly journals Testing of the mutagenic potential of N-(γ-aminobuturyl)-1-aza-15-crown-5 hydrochloride in Ames test microplate modification

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
M. Ya. Golovenko ◽  
V. B. Larionov ◽  
S. S. Basok ◽  
A. S. Reder
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Anticonvulsant Activity ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Chemical Mutagenesis ◽  
Mutagenic Potential ◽  
Significant Development

In recent years, studies in the field of chemical mutagenesis have undergone significant development, due to the introduction of a large number of different chemicals and scientific advances in the creation and use of new test systems, allowing a complete assessment of both mutagens themselves and their metabolites. The aim of the work was to determine possible induction of gene mutations under influence of hydrochloride N-(γ-aminobuturil)-1-aza-4,7,10,13-tetraozacyclopentadecan (TOCPD), which has nootropic, anxiolytic and anticonvulsant activity. The ability of TOCPD to induce gene mutations was evaluated in Ames test on strains Salmonella typhimurium ТА 98 (frame shift mutations) and ТА 100 (substitution point mutations). The compound was used at concentrations of 10, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 μg/ml. Standard mutagens were 2-nitrofluoren for Salmonella typhimurium ТА 98 and sodium azide for Salmonella typhimurium ТА 100 in test without metabolic activation. In an activation variant a microsomal activating mixture was used (S9 mix). In tests with activation for both strains, 2-aminoantracene was used. The µAmes kit, Moltox (USA) and Muta-ChromoPlate kit (Canada) were used in the work. The results were evaluated by the number of wells with mutated cells with medium color changing from purple to yellow. The obtained data showed that in the control and according to the action of corresponding mutagens, the percentage of wells with mutated cells corresponded to the standard parameters determined by protocol of the microplate test. For the action of TOCPD compound, no gene mutations were detected in both S. typhimurium ТА 98 and ТА 100 strains within the concentrations used.

scholarly journals Efficacy of 5HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron antidepressant activity in physical induced albino mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 2028
Author(s):  
Janardhan Marupaka ◽  
Roopa B. ◽  
Naveen Kumar T.
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Test Drug ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Prior Permission

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate efficacy of 5HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron antidepressant activity in physical induced swiss albino mice.Methods: Study was placebo controlled, randomized laboratory based comparative study with prior permission of Institutional animal ethical committee. Experimental animals were divided in to seven groups as control (distilled water 10ml/kg), standard Fluoxetine two doses (10mg/kg and 20mg/kg) , test drug ondansetron three doses (0.5mg/kg, 1mg/kg and 2mg/kg) and combinations of test and standard (0.5mg/kg + 10mg/kg).The drugs were administered intraperitonium and antidepressant activity was recorded using physically induced depression models tail suspension test and despair swim test.Results: Ondansetron treated albino mice groups with dose dependent increase of 0.5mg/kg, 1.0mg/kg and 2.0mg/kg showed significant decrease in antidepressant activity and increase in catalepsy score when compared with fluoxetine 10mg/kg and 20mg/kg. Combination doses showed stastically significant antidepressant activity.Conclusions: The present study indicates ondansetron showed promising antidepressant activity due to its ability to modulate serotonergic system and has proved to be safe in the dose range of 0.5mg/kg, 1mg/kg and 2mg/kg in mice.

scholarly journals Mutagenic Potential of Artificial Athletic Field Crumb Rubber at Increased Temperatures

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Dorsey ◽  
Elizabeth Anderson ◽  
Oliva Ardo ◽  
Max Chou ◽  
Edward Farrow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mutagenic Potential ◽  
Athletic Fields ◽  
Athletic Field ◽  
Different Temperatures

Rubber tires contain several compounds that are known or suspected carcinogens.  Many carcinogens are mutagens, and fluctuation assays based on the Ames test can be used as an initial screen for mutagenic potential.  Granulated crumb rubber from recycled tires is commonly used in the creation of artificial athletic fields, and the surface temperature of these fields can reach levels far above the ambient temperature.  In this study, crumb rubber samples taken directly from four separate artificial athletic field surfaces were used to make leachates using water at different temperatures.  For each of these fields, leachates obtained in water at 70 ºC showed significant mutagenic potential (p ≤ .001) in Salmonella typhimurium fluctuation assays.  Leachates obtained in water at 40 ºC showed no mutagenic potential for any of the fields tested.  For one field, crumb rubber heated in water at temperatures as low as 50 ºC resulted in significant mutagenic potential (p ≤ 0.001).  Water used in an experiment designed to mimic the irrigation of an artificial athletic field also showed mutagenic potential (p ≤ 0.001) in a fluctuation assay.  These results suggest that at the higher temperatures that can exist on artificial athletic field surfaces, the crumb rubber infill on these artificial athletic fields can become the source of a water soluble agent with mutagenic potential in bacteria.

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