Condensation Nucleation Dynamics on Lubricant-Infused Surfaces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianxing Sun ◽  
Vivek Manepalli ◽  
Patricia Weisensee
Keyword(s):  
Condensation Nucleation

scholarly journals A thermodynamic description for the hygroscopic growth of atmospheric aerosol particles

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 14939-14948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri Castarède ◽  
Erik S. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Thermodynamic Description ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Hygroscopic Growth ◽  
Salt Particle ◽  
Aerosol Radiative Forcing ◽  
Condensation Nucleation ◽  
Kohler Theory ◽  
Kelvin Effect ◽  
Brine Layer

Abstract. The phase state of atmospheric particulate is important to atmospheric processes, and aerosol radiative forcing remains a large uncertainty in climate predictions. That said, precise atmospheric phase behavior is difficult to quantify and observations have shown that “precondensation” of water below predicted saturation values can occur. We propose a revised approach to understanding the transition from solid soluble particles to liquid droplets, typically described as cloud condensation nucleation – a process that is traditionally captured by Köhler theory, which describes a modified equilibrium saturation vapor pressure due to (i) mixing entropy (Raoult's law) and (ii) droplet geometry (Kelvin effect). Given that observations of precondensation are not predicted by Köhler theory, we devise a more complete model that includes interfacial forces giving rise to predeliquescence, i.e., the formation of a brine layer wetting a salt particle at relative humidities well below the deliquescence point.

scholarly journals Liquid-liquid phase separation in particles containing secondary organic material free of inorganic salts

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mijung Song ◽  
Pengfei Liu ◽  
Scot T. Martin ◽  
Allan K. Bertram
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Photo Oxidation ◽  
Condensation Nucleation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

Abstract. Particles containing secondary organic material (SOM) are ubiquitous in the atmosphere and play a role in climate and air quality. Recently, research has shown that liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) occurs at high relative humidities (RH) (greater than ~ 95 %) in α-pinene-derived SOM particles free of inorganic salts while LLPS does not occur in isoprene-derived SOM particles free of inorganic salts. We expand on these findings by investigating LLPS in SOM particles free of inorganic salts produced from ozonolysis of β-caryophyllene, ozonolysis of limonene, and photo-oxidation of toluene. LLPS was observed at greater than ~ 95 % RH in the biogenic SOM particles derived from β-caryophyllene and limonene while LLPS was not observed in the anthropogenic SOM particles derived from toluene at 290 ± 1 K. This work combined with the earlier work on LLPS in SOM particles free of inorganic salts suggests that the occurrence of LLPS in SOM particles free of inorganic salts is related to the average oxygen-to-carbon elemental ratio (O : C) of the organic material. When the average O : C is between 0.25 and 0.60, LLPS was observed, but when the average O : C was between 0.52 and 1.3, LLPS was not observed. These results help explain the difference between the hygroscopic parameter k of SOM particles measured above and below water saturation in the laboratory and field, and have implications for predicting the cloud condensation nucleation properties of SOM particles.

Evaluation of a condensation nucleation light scattering detector for the analysis of synthetic polymer by supercritical fluid chromatography

2009 ◽  
Vol 1216 (51) ◽  
pp. 9008-9013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayori Takahashi ◽  
Shinichi Kinugasa ◽  
Ryo Yoshihara ◽  
Akira Nakanishi ◽  
Renee K. Mosing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Condensation Nucleation

Laboratory Measurements of the Size Distribution and Activation Ratio of Synthetic Ice Nuclei

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Delene ◽  
Eli Peske ◽  
Mascha Rauscher ◽  
Werner Lubitz
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Cloud Condensation Nuclei ◽  
Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer ◽  
Condensation Particle Counter ◽  
Ice Nuclei ◽  
Aerosol Generator ◽  
Condensation Nucleation ◽  
Activation Ratio ◽  
Particle Sizer ◽  
Measured Size Distribution

<p>Laboratory measurement of the particle size distribution and cloud condensation nucleation activation ratio are conducted using two types of synthetic ice nuclei (IN). New Engineered Organic Nuclei (NEON) are fabricated by fermentation and so-called E-lysis of Gram-negative bacteria, which are havested via centrifugation and resuspended in a NaHCO<sub>3</sub> buffer (pH of ~7.8) for final inactivation of lysis escape muntants. NEON is inactivated using 1.25 % (final concentration) glutaraldehyde (GA) and stored in a deep freezer. The NEON with GA solution is atomized using a Sparging Liquid Aerosol Generator (SLAG), which does not sheer or impact the aerosols. The measured size distribution is compared to aerosols produced by the TSI Atmomizer (Model 3076), which impacts generated droplets. The size distribution is measured using a TSI Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer Spectrometer (SMPS) and a TSI Aerodynamic Particle Sizer. A DMT Cloud Condensation Nuclei Counter (CCNC) operated at 0.6 % supersaturation and a TSI Condensation Particle Counter (CPC) is used to measure the activation ratio, which is important to determine effectiveness of the NEON as an immersion ice nuclei. The NEON results are compared to IN produced by burning silver iodine cloud seeding flares.</p>

scholarly journals Hygroscopicity of aerosol and its organic component at a coastal location

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 12525-12553
Author(s):  
J. D. Yakobi-Hancock ◽  
L. A. Ladino ◽  
R. H. Mason ◽  
A. K. Bertram ◽  
C. L. Schiller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Speciation ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Organic Component ◽  
Particle Size Distributions ◽  
Aerosol Composition ◽  
The West ◽  
Organic Species ◽  
Condensation Nucleation ◽  
Inorganic Components

Abstract. As one aspect of the NETwork on Climate and Aerosols: Addressing Key Uncertainties in Remote Canadian Environments (NETCARE), measurements of the cloud condensation nucleation properties of 50 and 100 nm aerosol particles were conducted at Ucluelet on the west coast of Vancouver Island in August 2013. Additionally, the size-resolved chemical speciation of two particle size ranges (42–75 nm and 78–141nm) was inferred using a combination of ion chromatography and particle size distributions. Together, this information was used to estimate the hygroscopicity parameter of the organic species contained within the ambient aerosol particles (κorg). The overall hygroscopicity parameter of the aerosol (κambient) exhibited a wide variation, ranging from 0.14 to 1.08, with the highest values arising when the organic to sulfate ratio of the aerosol composition was lowest and when the winds were from the west, i.e. off the ocean. Correspondingly, the aerosol's two-day average chemical speciation also showed variation but was consistently dominated by its organic (60 to 86% by mass) and sulfate (10 to 34% by mass) components. With derived values of κorg from 0.3 to 0.5, it is illustrated that the organic component of marine-influenced aerosol can be viewed as quite hygroscopic, somewhat more than typical continental organics but not as much as soluble inorganic components.

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