The Assessment of Residual Stress Effects on Ductile Tearing Using Continuum Damage Mechanics

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Sherry ◽  
Mark A. Wilkes ◽  
John K. Sharples ◽  
Peter J. Budden
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Damage Mechanics ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Growth Behavior ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Crack Growth Behavior ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Ductile Tearing

This paper presents the results of a numerical study undertaken to assess the influence of residual stresses on the ductile tearing behavior of a high strength low toughness aluminum alloy. The Gurson–Tvergaard model was calibrated against conventional fracture toughness data using parameters relating to void nucleation, growth, and coalescence. The calibrated model was used to predict the load versus ductile tearing behavior of a series of full-scale and quarter-scale wide-plate tests. These center-cracked tension tests included specimens that contained a self-balancing residual stress field that was tensile in the region of the through-wall crack. Analyses of the full-scale wide-plate tests indicated that the model provides a good prediction of the load versus the ductile tearing behavior up to approximately 3mm of stable tearing. The influence of residual stress on the load versus the crack growth behavior was accurately simulated. Predictions of the load versus the crack growth behavior of full-scale wide-plate tests for crack extensions greater than 3mm and of the quarter-scale tests were low in terms of predicted load at a given amount of tearing. This was considered to result from (i) the “valid” calibration range in terms of specimen thickness and crack extension, (ii) the development of shear lips, and (iii) the differences in the micromechanism of ductile void formation under plane strain and under plane stress conditions.

The Assessment of Residual Stress Effects on Ductile Tearing Using Continuum Damage Mechanics

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Sherry ◽  
Mark A. Wilkes ◽  
John K. Sharples ◽  
Peter J. Budden
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Damage Mechanics ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Growth Behaviour ◽  
Crack Growth Behaviour ◽  
Ductile Tearing

This paper presents the results of a numerical study undertaken to assess the influence of residual stresses on the ductile tearing behaviour of a high strength, low toughness aluminium alloy. The Gurson-Tvergaard model [1, 2] was calibrated against conventional fracture toughness data using parameters relating to void nucleation, growth and coalescence. The calibrated model was used to predict the load versus ductile tearing behaviour of a series of full-scale and quarter-scale wide-plate tests. These centre-cracked tension tests included specimens that contained a self-balancing residual stress field that was tensile in the region of the through-wall crack. Analyses of the full-scale wide-plate tests indicated that the model provides a good prediction of the load versus ductile tearing behaviour up to approximately 3 mm of stable tearing. The influence of residual stress on the load versus crack growth behaviour was accurately simulated. Predictions of the load versus crack growth behaviour of full-scale wide-plate tests for crack extensions greater than 3 mm, and of the quarter-scale tests, were low in terms of predicted load at a given amount of tearing. This was considered to result from: (i) the ‘valid’ calibration range in terms of specimen thickness and crack extension, (ii) the development of shear lips and (iii) differences in the micro-mechanism of ductile void formation under plane strain and under plane stress conditions.

Influence of Weld Residual Stresses on Ductile Crack Behavior in AISI Type 316LN Stainless Steel Weld Joint

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai Deepak Namburu ◽  
Lakshmana Rao Chebolu ◽  
A. Krishnan Subramanian ◽  
Raghu Prakash ◽  
Sasikala Gomathy
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Weld Joint ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Growth Behavior ◽  
Welding Residual Stress ◽  
Crack Growth Behavior ◽  
Ductile Crack ◽  
Ductile Crack Growth

Welding residual stress is one of the main concerns in the process of fabrication and operation because of failures in welded steel joints due to its potential effect on structural integrity. This work focuses on the effect of welding residual stress on the ductile crack growth behavior in AISI 316LN welded CT specimens. Two-dimensional plane strain model has been used to simulate the CT specimen. X-ray diffraction technique is used to obtain residual stress value at the SS 316LN weld joint. The GTN model has been employed to estimate the ductile crack growth behavior in the CT-specimen. Results show that residual stresses influence the ductile crack growth behavior. The effect of residual stress has also been investigated for cases with different initial void volume fraction, crack lengths.

Crack Growth Analyses of SCC Under Various Residual Stress Distributions Near the Piping Butt-Welding

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinya Katsuyama ◽  
Wataru Asano ◽  
Kunio Onizawa ◽  
Masahito Mochizuki ◽  
Masao Toyoda
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Growth Behavior ◽  
Crack Growth Behavior ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Butt Welding ◽  
Type 316L ◽  
Growth Analyses ◽  
Reactor Internals

Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of core internals and/or recirculation pipes of austenite stainless steel (Type 316L) has been observed. When a SCC is detected at the reactor internals or pipes, it is necessary to calculate crack growth behavior of the crack for a certain operational period. The SCC initiates and grows near the welding zone because of high tensile residual stress by welding relative to the other contributing factors of material and environment. Therefore, the residual stress analysis due to welds of austenitic stainless piping is becoming important and has been already conducted by many researchers. In present work, the through-thickness residual stress distributions near multi-pass butt-welds of Type 316L pipes have been calculated by thermo-elastic-plastic analyses with the geometric and welding conditions changed and collected from literatures. Then crack growth simulations were performed using calculated and collected residual stress distributions. The effects of geometric and welding conditions on crack growth behavior were also discussed.

scholarly journals Crack Growth Behavior in a Residual Stress Field for Vessel Type Structures

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dong ◽  
G. Rawls
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Surface Crack ◽  
Growth Behavior ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Crack Growth Behavior ◽  
Butt Weld ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Longitudinal Residual Stress

Detailed residual stress analysis was performed for a multi-pass butt weld, representing the middle butt-girth weld of a storage tank. The analysis procedures addressed welding parameters, joint detail, weld pass deposition sequence, and temperature-dependent properties. The predicted residual stresses were then considered in stress intensity factor calculations using a three-dimensional finite element alternating model (FEAM) for investigating crack growth behavior for both small elliptical surface and through-wall cracks. Two crack orientations were considered: one is parallel to the vessel girth weld and the other is perpendicular to the girth weld. Since the longitudinal (parallel to weld) and transverse (perpendicular to weld) residual stresses exhibit drastically different distributions, a different crack growth behavior is predicted. For a small surface crack parallel to the weld, the crack tends to grow more quickly at the surface along the weld rather than into the thickness. The self-equilibrating nature of the transverse residual stress distribution suggests that a through-wall crack parallel to crack cannot be fully developed solely due to residual stress actions. For a crack that is perpendicular to the weld, a small surface crack exhibit a rapid increase in K at the deepest position, suggesting that a small surface crack has the propensity to become a through-wall crack. Once the through crack is fully developed, a significant re-distribution in longitudinal residual stress can be seen. As a result, in the absence of external loads there exists a limiting crack length beyond which further crack growth is deemed unlikely.

scholarly journals Investigation of Fatigue Crack Growth in Full-Scale Railway Axles Subjected to Service Load Spectra: Experiments and Predictive Models

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Amir Pourheidar ◽  
Luca Patriarca ◽  
Stefano Beretta ◽  
Daniele Regazzi
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Growth Behavior ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Residual Lifetime ◽  
Crack Growth Behavior ◽  
Load Spectra ◽  
Life Predictions

In this paper, a series of experimental investigations was performed on full-scale railway axles to analyze the fatigue crack growth behavior of EA4T steel under load spectrum derived from real operating conditions. The experimental results were compared to life predictions carried out adopting two models: (i) the conventional Nasgro equation and (ii) the cyclic R-curve concept implemented in the Modified Nasgro equation for describing the crack growth behavior of an arbitrary crack length. The results show that the life predictions performed by means of the Modified Nasgro equation coincide well with the experimental results with an underestimation of the residual lifetime less than 32%, while the traditional Nasgro equation leads to significant overestimation (≈120%) of the residual lifetime for load spectra close to the in service scenario.

scholarly journals Methodology for Evaluation of Residual Stress Effect on Small Corner-Crack Initiation and Growth

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 2904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janghwan Kim ◽  
Jun Won Kang ◽  
Dong-Eun Lee ◽  
Dae Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Field ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Growth Behavior ◽  
Crack Growth Behavior ◽  
Beam Specimen ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Residual Stress Field ◽  
Corner Crack

The growth behavior of a naturally initiated corner crack under a uniform residual stress field is investigated in this study. A convenient method is proposed to induce and evaluate the uniform residual stress field for a beam-type specimen. Fatigue tests are conducted with a rotary bending fatigue machine to investigate the growth of the corner crack. For this reason, a cylindrical specimen, which is typically used for rotating bending tests, is modified into a beam specimen. The corner crack growth behavior under residual stress is evaluated based on linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) and compared with long through crack data. The test results verify that the corner crack growth under residual stress can be effectively evaluated by LEFM and estimated using long crack data.

scholarly journals Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of the MIG Welded Joint of 06Cr19Ni10 Stainless Steel

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanqing Tang ◽  
Caifu Qian ◽  
Ayhan Ince ◽  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Huifang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Fracture Morphology ◽  
Cyclic Fatigue ◽  
Growth Behavior ◽  
Crack Growth Behavior ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior

In this paper, the fatigue crack growth behavior of the base metal (BM), the weld metal (WM) and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) in the metal-inert gas (MIG) welded joints of the 06Cr19Ni10 stainless steel are analyzed and studied. Results of the fatigue crack propagation tests show that a new fatigue crack initiates at the crack tip of a pre-existing crack, then propagates perpendicular to the direction of cyclic fatigue loads. This observation indicates that the original mixed-mode crack transforms into the mode I crack. The WM specimen has the largest fatigue crack growth rate, followed by the HAZ specimen and the BM specimen. To illustrate the differences in fatigue crack growth behavior of the three different types of specimens, metallographic structure, fracture morphology and residual stresses of the BM, HAZ and WM are investigated and discussed. The metallographic observations indicate that the mean grain size of the HAZ is relatively larger than that of the BM. The fractographic analysis shows that the WM has the largest fatigue striation width, followed by the HAZ and the BM. It is also found that the depth of dimple in the WM is relatively shallower than the one in the HAZ and BM, implying the poor plasticity behavior of the material. Analysis results of the residual stress analysis demonstrate a high level of tensile residual stress appearance in the WM and HAZ.

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