Uniaxial Constitutive Equation of Ice From Beam Tests

A method is proposed to obtain ice uniaxial stress, strain, strain-rate relations from beam tests. The basic advantage of the proposed analytical technique is that it is a direct method of reducing beam test data. So, no assumption is made with regard to the ice constitutive behavior. The proposed method is an extension of Gillis and Kelly’s procedure to account for different ice response in tension and compression. It is also an extension of the procedure reported by Mayville and Finnie to account for ice response dependence on strain rate. Furthermore, it is shown that the expressions presented by Mayville and Finnie are only valid when the bending moment, with respect to the zero strain axis, is assumed independent of the centroidal extensional strain. A simple example of a linear elastic beam with a Young’s modulus that varies linearly with the beam depth is worked out to show that these earlier given expressions are not applicable in that case.

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On the Determination of Stress, Strain, Strain-Rate Relations From Dynamic Beam Tests

Journal of Applied Mechanics ◽

10.1115/1.3564730 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 632-634 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. P. Gillis ◽

J. M. Kelly

Keyword(s):

Strain Rate ◽

Dynamic Testing ◽

Direct Method ◽

Bending Moment ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Stress Strain ◽

Analytical Technique ◽

Flexural Response ◽

Flexural Tests

A direct method is proposed for the determination of stress, strain, strain-rate relations from dynamic flexural tests in which bending moment is given in terms of curvature and curvature rate, or any other suitable deformation parameter and deformation rate parameter. The method is demonstrated by application to published experimental results. It is found that the stress, strain, strain-rate relations that are derived from the flexural test data are in significantly better accord with uniaxial data on the same material, than moment, curvature, curvature-rate relations predicted from the uniaxial data correspond with the experimental results. It appears that the process of reducing flexural data to uniaxial relations by the method proposed is much less sensitive than that of predicting flexural response from uniaxial data. Since flexural tests have many experimental advantages over uniaxial tests this analytical technique seems to open up possibilities for improved dynamic testing methods.

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Nonlinear models for design of circular RC columns under ultimate and service states

IABSE Congress, Christchurch 2021: Resilient technologies for sustainable infrastructure ◽

10.2749/christchurch.2021.1118 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Helena Barros ◽

Carla Ferreira ◽

Joaquim Figueiras ◽

Mário Pimentel

Keyword(s):

Reinforced Concrete ◽

Nonlinear Models ◽

Bending Moment ◽

Constitutive Law ◽

Equilibrium Equations ◽

Linear Elastic ◽

Compressive Stresses ◽

Steel Bar ◽

Tension And Compression ◽

Definition Of

<p>The present paper is dedicated to the ultimate and to the service design of circular reinforced concrete sections under axial load and bending moment, according to Eurocode 2 [1].</p><p>The objective of the present work is to develop design equations for circular reinforced concrete sections, solving the equilibrium equations by mathematic symbolic software. The concrete only supports compressive stresses and the steel can hold both tension and compression. The nonlinear equation of EC2 [1] is used for compressed concrete in the ultimate design. The steel is considered to have a linear elastic constitutive law up to the yield stress, followed by a plastic behaviour. The ultimate design condition is posed in terms of maximum strains for the most compressed concrete fibre or for the tensioned steel bar, permitting the definition of interaction abacuses, shown in the present paper.</p>

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Stress Concentration in Nonlinear Creep of a Simple Shell

Journal of Applied Mechanics ◽

10.1115/1.3625044 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 322-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

C. R. Calladine

Keyword(s):

Cylindrical Shell ◽

Stress Concentration ◽

Strain Rate ◽

Circular Cylindrical Shell ◽

Bending Moment ◽

Elastic Problem ◽

Nonlinear Creep ◽

Linear Elastic ◽

Perfectly Plastic ◽

Plastic Analysis

A long, thin circular cylindrical shell is loaded at one edge by symmetrical radial shear Qx and bending moment Mx. (No interior pressure.) The shell is made of material which under applied stress creeps with a strain rate which is proportional to the rth power of the stress. Previous results are used to derive, approximately, the greatest stress in the shell for any Qx, Mx, and r. It is shown that for any load the greatest stress decreases as r increases, and is approximately a linear function of 1/r. The case r = 1 is exactly analogous to a linear elastic problem, and the case r → = ∞ corresponds exactly to a perfectly plastic problem. Results for any exponent r may thus be found approximately by simple interpolation between results obtained in linearelastic analysis and perfectly plastic analysis.

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High strain-rate effects from blast loads on laminated glass: An experimental investigation of the post-fracture bending moment capacity based on time–temperature mapping of interlayer yield stress

Construction and Building Materials ◽

10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121658 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 121658

Author(s):

S.C. Angelides ◽

J.P. Talbot ◽

M. Overend

Keyword(s):

Experimental Investigation ◽

High Strain Rate ◽

Strain Rate ◽

High Strain ◽

Bending Moment ◽

Laminated Glass ◽

Strain Rate Effects ◽

Moment Capacity ◽

Temperature Mapping ◽

Rate Effects

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Tension and Compression Behavior of Pre-Stressed Steel Strands at High Strain Rate

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.82.154 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 82 ◽

pp. 154-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anatoly M. Bragov ◽

Ezio Cadoni ◽

Alexandr Yu. Konstantinov ◽

Andrey K. Lomunov

Keyword(s):

High Strain Rate ◽

Strain Rate ◽

High Strain ◽

Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar ◽

High Strength ◽

Gauge Length ◽

Hopkinson Pressure Bar ◽

Dog Bone ◽

Tension And Compression ◽

Set Up

In this paper is described the mechanical characterization at high strain rate of the high strength steel usually adopted for strands. The experimental set-up used for high strain rates testing: in tension and compression was the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar installed in the Laboratory of Dynamic Investigation of Materials in Nizhny Novgorod. The high strain rate data in tension was obtained with dog-bone shaped specimens of 3mm in diameter and 5mm of gauge length. The specimens were screwed between incident and transmitter bars. The specimens used in compression was a cylinder of 3mm in diameter and 5mm in length. The enhancement of the mechanical properties is quite limited compared the usual reinforcing steels.

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Calculations for Uniaxial Stress and Strain Cycling in Plasticity

Journal of Applied Mechanics ◽

10.1115/1.3167662 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 487-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

P. M. Naghdi ◽

D. J. Nikkel

Keyword(s):

Type Theory ◽

Uniaxial Stress ◽

Mean Value ◽

Stress And Strain ◽

Material Response ◽

Tension And Compression ◽

Stress Cycling ◽

The Mean ◽

Rate Type ◽

Strain Cycling

Within the framework of an existing purely mechanical, rate-type theory of plasticity, detailed calculations are presented for certain types of material response during stress and strain cycling in a uniaxial homogeneous deformation. These features pertain specifically to material response in stress cycling between fixed values of stress in tension and compression (not necessarily equal in magnitude) resulting in ratcheting of strain, and a type of saturation hardening caused by strain cycling between any two fixed values of strain when the mean value of stress (in tension and compression) tends to zero.

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Load Regime Diagram of a Pipe With Cyclically Plastic Bending

10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering, Volume 1 ◽

10.1115/icone10-22100 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Yanping Yao ◽

Ming-Wan Lu

Keyword(s):

Axial Force ◽

Bending Moment ◽

Boundary Curve ◽

Plastic Behavior ◽

Cyclic Bending ◽

Elastic Plastic ◽

Linear Elastic ◽

Load Regime ◽

Reversed Cyclic ◽

Cyclic Bending Moment

The criteria of piping seismic design based on linear elastic analysis has been proved to be conservative, which is mainly because the influence of plastic deformation on piping dynamic response is neglected. In the present paper, a pipe under seismic excitation is simplified as an beam with tubular cross section subjected to steady axial force and fully reversed cyclic bending moment, and the elastic-plastic behavior of the pipe is studied. Various behavior of the pipe under different combinations of axial force and cyclic bending moment is discussed and the boundary curve equations between them are obtained. Also the load regime diagram for a pipe which is formed by the boundary curve equations in the loading plane is given, from which the elastic-plastic behavior of the pipe can be determined directly.

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Thermally Induced Instability of Laminated Beams and Plates

Journal of Applied Mechanics ◽

10.1115/1.2787243 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 884-890 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. Tylikowski ◽

R. B. Hetnarski

Keyword(s):

Stochastic Stability ◽

Direct Method ◽

Wide Band ◽

Temperature Fields ◽

Time And Space ◽

Thermally Induced ◽

Stability Problems ◽

Linear Elastic ◽

Liapunov Direct Method ◽

Short Time

A theoretical investigation of dynamic stability for linear elastic structures due to non-uniform, time and space-dependent stochastic temperature fields is presented. The study is based on the reformulation of stochastic stability problems as a stability of Itoˆ type equations in some appropriate Hilbert space and is adopted for stability problems of structures with time and space-dependent stochastic coefficients. Uniform stochastic stability criteria of the structure equilibrium are derived using the Liapunov direct method. The energy-like functional and the generalized ltoˆ lemma are used to derive the sufficient stability conditions of the equilibrium state. A symmetrically laminated crossply plate subjected to the wide-band Gaussian temperature distribution and a laminated beam subjected to local short-time heatings are analysed in detail.

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