Crude Oil Burning Experience in MS5001P Gas Turbines

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 812-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Bunz ◽  
G. N. Ziady ◽  
H. vonE. Doering ◽  
R. J. Radice
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Wash Water ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Purification System ◽  
On Line ◽  
Cleaning Methods ◽  
The Impact

At Qaisumah, Saudi Arabia, there are four GE MS5001P Gas Turbines operated by the Saudi Consolidated Electric Company in the Eastern Province (SCECO East). The Power Plant is not connected to the main SCECO grid and experiences near-capacity peak load demands in the summer months. Its remoteness and proximity to the Trans-Arabian Pipeline (TAPLINE) dictates the burning of Light Saudi Arabian Crude Oil which is desalted by centrifugal purification without the addition of wash water. Eliminating the need for wash water is important because of the scarcity of water at this site. Power loss is controlled and shutdowns minimized during the critical summer months by removing the ash accumulation on the turbine components by on-line nutshell cleaning. This paper describes the first application of this waterless (dry centrifuge) fuel purification system and the impact of various turbine cleaning methods (particularly on-line nutshelling) on turbine performance, availability, and maintenance.

scholarly journals Industrial Gas Turbine Performance: Compressor Fouling and On-Line Washing

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uyioghosa Igie ◽  
Pericles Pilidis ◽  
Dimitrios Fouflias ◽  
Kenneth Ramsden ◽  
Panagiotis Laskaridis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Compressor Cascade ◽  
Compressor Blades ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Impact

Industrial gas turbines are susceptible to compressor fouling, which is the deposition and accretion of airborne particles or contaminants on the compressor blades. This paper demonstrates the blade aerodynamic effects of fouling through experimental compressor cascade tests and the accompanied engine performance degradation using turbomatch, an in-house gas turbine performance software. Similarly, on-line compressor washing is implemented taking into account typical operating conditions comparable with industry high pressure washing. The fouling study shows the changes in the individual stage maps of the compressor in this condition, the impact of degradation during part-load, influence of control variables, and the identification of key parameters to ascertain fouling levels. Applying demineralized water for 10 min, with a liquid-to-air ratio of 0.2%, the aerodynamic performance of the blade is shown to improve, however most of the cleaning effect occurred in the first 5 min. The most effectively washed part of the blade was the pressure side, in which most of the particles deposited during the accelerated fouling. The simulation of fouled and washed engine conditions indicates 30% recovery of the lost power due to washing.

The Impact of Atmospheric Conditions on Gas Turbine Performance

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. El Hadik
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Design Factor ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
The Impact

In a hot summer climate, as in Kuwait and other Arabian Gulf countries, the performance of a gas turbine deteriorates drastically during the high-temperature hours (up to 60°C in Kuwait). Power demand is the highest at these times. This necessitates an increase in installed gas turbine capacities to balance this deterioration. Gas turbines users are becoming aware of this problem as they depend more on gas turbines to satisfy their power needs and process heat for desalination due to the recent technical and economical development of gas turbines. This paper is devoted to studying the impact of atmospheric conditions, such as ambient temperature, pressure, and relative humidity on gas turbine performance. The reason for considering air pressures different from standard atmospheric pressure at the compressor inlet is the variation of this pressure with altitude. The results of this study can be generalized to include the cases of flights at high altitudes. A fully interactive computer program based on the derived governing equations is developed. The effects of typical variations of atmospheric conditions on power output and efficiency are considered. These include ambient temperature (range from −20 to 60°C), altitude (range from zero to 2000 m above sea level), and relative humidity (range from zero to 100 percent). The thermal efficiency and specific net work of a gas turbine were calculated at different values of maximum turbine inlet temperature (TIT) and variable environmental conditions. The value of TIT is a design factor that depends on the material specifications and the fuel/air ratio. Typical operating values of TIT in modern gas turbines were chosen for this study: 1000, 1200, 1400, and 1600 K. Both partial and full loads were considered in the analysis. Finally the calculated results were compared with actual gas turbine data supplied by manufacturers.

Thermo-Fluid Modelling for Gas Turbines—Part I: Theoretical Foundation and Uncertainty Analysis

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos G. Kyprianidis ◽  
Vishal Sethi ◽  
Stephen O. T. Ogaji ◽  
Pericles Pilidis ◽  
Riti Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
System Level ◽  
Fluid Models ◽  
Performance Simulation ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Aircraft System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

In this two-part publication, various aspects of thermo-fluid modelling for gas turbines are described and their impact on performance calculations and emissions predictions at aircraft system level is assessed. Accurate and reliable fluid modelling is essential for any gas turbine performance simulation software as it provides a robust foundation for building advanced multi-disciplinary modelling capabilities. Caloric properties for generic and semi-generic gas turbine performance simulation codes can be calculated at various levels of fidelity; selection of the fidelity level is dependent upon the objectives of the simulation and execution time constraints. However, rigorous fluid modelling may not necessarily improve performance simulation accuracy unless all modelling assumptions and sources of uncertainty are aligned to the same level. Certain modelling aspects such as the introduction of chemical kinetics, and dissociation effects, may reduce computational speed and this is of significant importance for radical space exploration and novel propulsion cycle assessment. This paper describes and compares fluid models, based on different levels of fidelity, which have been developed for an industry standard gas turbine performance simulation code and an environmental assessment tool for novel propulsion cycles. The latter comprises the following modules: engine performance, aircraft performance, emissions prediction, and environmental impact. The work presented aims to fill the current literature gap by: (i) investigating the common assumptions made in thermo-fluid modelling for gas turbines and their effect on caloric properties and (ii) assessing the impact of uncertainties on performance calculations and emissions predictions at aircraft system level. In Part I of this two-part publication, a comprehensive analysis of thermo-fluid modelling for gas turbines is presented and the fluid models developed are discussed in detail. Common technical models, used for calculating caloric properties, are compared while typical assumptions made in fluid modelling, and the uncertainties induced, are examined. Several analyses, which demonstrate the effects of composition, temperature and pressure on caloric properties of working mediums for gas turbines, are presented. The working mediums examined include dry air and combustion products for various fuels and H/C ratios. The errors induced by ignoring dissociation effects are also discussed.

Analysis of Compressor On-Line Washing to Optimize Gas Turbine Power Plant Performance

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernst Schneider ◽  
Saba Demircioglu Bussjaeger ◽  
Susana Franco ◽  
Dirk Therkorn
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Compressor Blade ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
On Line ◽  
Added Benefit ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

Due to compressor fouling, gas turbine efficiency decreases over time, resulting in decreased power output of the plant. To counteract the effects of compressor fouling, compressor on-line and off-line washing procedures are used. The effectiveness of compressor off-line washing is enhanced if combined with the cleaning of the VIGVs and the first compressor blade row by hand. This paper presents a thorough analysis of the effects of compressor on-line washing on the gas turbine performance. The analysis is based on the measured data of six gas turbines operated at two different plants. Different washing schedules and washing fluids are analyzed and compared. Furthermore, the effects of compressor on-line washing on the load distribution within the compressor are analyzed. The performance benefit of daily compressor on-line washing compared with weekly compressor on-line washing is quantified. As expected, daily compressor on-line washing yields the lowest power degradation caused by compressor fouling. Also, the effect of washing additives is analyzed. It is shown with long term data that compressor on-line washing cleans up to the first 11 compressor stages, as can be detected well in the compressor. With a view to gas turbine performance optimization, the recommendation is to perform compressor off-line washing at regular intervals and to take advantage of occasions such as inspections, when the gas turbine is cooled down anyhow. Especially for gas turbines with a high fouling rate, a daily compressor on-line washing schedule should be considered to reduce the power loss. For gas turbines operating with high fogging, compressor on-line washing has no added benefit. To determine the optimal compressor washing schedule, compressor blade erosion also has to be considered. A reasonable balance between compressor on-line washing and off-line washing improves the gas turbine performance and optimizes the gas turbine availability.

Gas Turbine Operation Offshore: On-Line Compressor Wash at Peak Load

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabet Syverud ◽  
Lars E. Bakken ◽  
Kyrre Langnes ◽  
Frode Bjo̸rna˚s
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Absolute Accuracy ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Performance Deterioration ◽  
On Line

On-line compressor wash is discussed for a RB211 compressor driver running at peak load at the Statoil Heidrun offshore platform. The oil field’s economy is directly linked to oil production; however, the production rate is limited by driver and gas compressor capacity. From this perspective, the power output and gas turbine uptime become decisive economic factors. The economic potentials related to successful on-line washing are given. This work is based on a series of trials with on-line compressor washing over a two-year period. Results include effect of different on-line washing procedures and washing fluids. The field test campaign has shown no significant improvements with on-line compressor washing at peak load. Understanding the gas turbine performance deterioration is of vital importance. Trending of its deviation from the engine baseline (datum maps) facilitates load-independent monitoring of the gas turbine’s condition. Peak load turbine response to compressor deterioration is analyzed. Instrument resolution and repeatability are key factors that sometimes are more important than absolute accuracy in condition trending. As a result of these analyses, a set of monitoring parameters is suggested for effective diagnostics of compressor degradation in peak load operation. Avenues for further research and development are suggested as our understanding of the deterioration mechanisms at peak load remains incomplete.

Uncertainty Reduction in Gas Turbine Performance Diagnostics by Accounting for Humidity Effects

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Mathioudakis ◽  
A. Tsalavoutas
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Performance Diagnostics ◽  
Health Parameters

The paper presents an analysis of the effect of ambient humidity on the performance of industrial gas turbines and examines the impact of humidity on methods used for engine condition assessment and fault diagnostics. First, the way of incorporating the effect of humidity into a computer model of gas turbine performance is described. The model is then used to derive parameters indicative of the “health” of a gas turbine and thus diagnose the presence of deterioration or faults. The impact of humidity magnitude on the values of these health parameters is studied and the uncertainty introduced, if humidity is not taken into account, is assessed. It is shown that the magnitude of the effect of humidity depends on ambient conditions and is more severe for higher ambient temperatures. Data from an industrial gas turbine are presented to demonstrate these effects and to show that if humidity is appropriately taken into account, the uncertainty in the estimation of health parameters is reduced

scholarly journals The analysis of the impact of environmental factors on turbine performance, develpoment of the models relating the periods between maintenances with selected maintenance factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Magdalena THIELMANN
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Reliability Models ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Maintenance Factors ◽  
Maintenance And Inspection ◽  
The Impact

There are currently around 18,000 commissioned Gas Turbines in use worldwide, with almost 7,500 long-term service agreements[1]. At the same time, orders for new units increase year by year, and after a decrease in production in 2020 from 353 to 328 new units, from 2022 onwards, the level is planned to rise to the previous level of growth. Gas turbines operate worldwide and are exposed to variations in environmental conditions, such as changes in humidity, temperature, and salinity, which can significantly affect the efficiency and faster degradation of individual components. Based on the unit's maintenance report, there are more than 1,940 event alerts annually. A need exists to create a more dynamic analytical and numerical model that determines the impact of environmental variables on gas turbine stability. It is necessary to analyze and improve existing reliability models, which vary due to configurations and the impact of working conditions. The first step should be an analysis of the impact of environmental factors on turbine performance. This paper describes how the maintenance and inspection model developed from an average value over time model to a model tracking the actual degradation of gas turbines. It includes a comparison ofthree models used in the research, considering the developed methodology for selecting input parameters, their correlation, and their appropriateness for use in further analyses.

Analysis of Compressor On-Line Washing to Optimize Gas Turbine Power Plant Performance

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernst Schneider ◽  
Saba Demircioglu ◽  
Susana Franco ◽  
Dirk Therkorn
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Compressor Blade ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
On Line ◽  
Added Benefit ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

Due to compressor fouling, gas turbine efficiency decreases over time, resulting in decreased power output of the plant. To counteract the effects of compressor fouling, compressor on-line and off-line washing procedures are used. The effectiveness of compressor off-line washing is enhanced if combined with the cleaning of the VIGVs and the first compressor blade row by hand. This paper presents a thorough analysis of the effects of compressor on-line washing on the gas turbine performance. The analysis is based on the measured data of six gas turbines operated at two different plants. Different washing schedules and washing fluids are analyzed and compared. Furthermore, the effects of compressor on-line washing on the load distribution within the compressor are analyzed. The performance benefit of daily compressor on-line washing compared to weekly compressor on-line washing is quantified. As expected, daily compressor on-line washing yields the lowest power degradation caused by compressor fouling. Also, the effect of washing additives is analyzed. It is shown with long term data that compressor on-line washing cleans up to the first 11 compressor stages, as can be detected well in the compressor. With a view to gas turbine performance optimization, the recommendation is to perform compressor off-line washing at regular intervals and to take advantage of occasions such as inspections, when the gas turbine is cooled down anyhow. Especially for gas turbines with a high fouling rate, a daily compressor on-line washing schedule should be considered to reduce the power loss. For gas turbines operating with high fogging, compressor on-line washing has no added benefit. To determine the optimal compressor washing schedule, compressor blade erosion also has to be considered. A reasonable balance between compressor on-line washing and off-line washing improves the gas turbine performance and optimizes the gas turbine availability.

A Method to Evaluate the Impact of Power Demand on HPT Blade Creep Life

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Mohamed ◽  
S. Eshati ◽  
P. Pilidis ◽  
S. Ogaji ◽  
P. Laskaridis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Creep Life ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
The Impact

Peak load operation requires gas turbines to operate at high firing temperature with consequence reduction in the useful lives of components. This paper studies the quantitative relationship between gas turbine power setting and the hot gas-path components’ life consumption. A 165MW gas turbine engine is modelled and investigated in this study. A comparative lifing model, which performs stress and thermal analyses, estimates the minimum creep life of components using the parametric Larson Miller method. This lifing model was integrated with in-house performance simulation software to simulate the engine performances at design point and off-design conditions. The results showed that the combined effect of the operating environment and the power demand could have significant impact on blade creep life. Predicting this impact will aid gas turbine users in the decision making processes associated with gas turbine operation.

Evaluation of the Impact on CGT Operation When Converting to Crude Oil Fuel

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Oil Fuel ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The present energy availability and pricing situation has caused many users to consider the use of less refined fuels for combustion gas turbines. The use of these fuels will have a definite impact on the cost of operation and unit availability. It is necessary that a user be aware of the extent of this impact prior to making the decision to convert to a lower quality fuel. This paper discusses the method employed by one user to evaluate this impact and presents the results that were obtained.

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