Boiling Characteristics of Small Multitube Bundles

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. C. Chan ◽  
M. Shoukri
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Tube Bundle ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Nucleate Boiling ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Tube Surface ◽  
Heat Transfer Characteristics ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Lower Heat

Boiling characteristics of multitube bundles have been investigated experimentally. Small bundles of up to nine rows were used. Void fraction profiles in the test vessel, tube surface temperatures, power input to individual tubes, and critical heat fluxes were measured for different bundle arrangements and boiling conditions. The data were used to study the system hydrodynamics, bundle heat transfer coefficients, and bundle critical heat flux. The data showed that for lower heat fluxes, the heat transfer characteristics are affected by the system hydrodynamics resulting in higher heat transfer coefficients, whereas at higher heat fluxes nucleate boiling is the dominant mechanism. The data also showed that within a tube bundle, the vapor rising from lower tubes enhances the CHF characteristics of the upper tubes.

The Effects of Nucleate Boiling Versus Film Boiling on Heat Transfer in Power Boiler Tubes

1962 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Swenson ◽  
J. R. Carver ◽  
G. Szoeke
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Nucleate Boiling ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Inside Surface ◽  
Film Boiling ◽  
Stainless Steel Tube ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Steam Quality ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients

In large, subcritical pressure, once-through power boilers heat is transferred to steam and water mixtures ranging in steam quality from zero per cent at the bottom of the furnace to 100 per cent at the top. In order to provide design information for this type of boiler, heat-transfer coefficients for forced convection film boiling were determined for water at 3000 psia flowing upward in a vertical stainless-steel tube, AISI Type 304, having an inside diameter of 0.408 inches and a heated length of 6 feet. Heat fluxes ranged between 90,000 and 180,000 Btu/hr-sq ft and were obtained by electrical resistance heating of the tube. The operation of the experimental equipment was controlled so that nucleate boiling, transition boiling, and stable film boiling occurred simultaneously in different zones of the tube. The film boiling data were correlated with a modified form of the equation Nu = a a(Re)m(Pr)n using steam properties evaluated at inside surface temperature. Results of a second series of heat-transfer tests with tubes having a helical rib on the inside surface showed that nucleate boiling could be maintained to much higher steam qualities with that type of tube than with a smooth-bore tube.

Pool Boiling Heat Transfer Characteristics of HFO-1234yf With and Without Microporous-Enhanced Surfaces

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Moreno ◽  
Sreekant Narumanchi ◽  
Charles King
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Boiling Heat Transfer ◽  
Pool Boiling ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Fundamental Study ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Hfc 134A ◽  
Lower Heat

This fundamental study characterizes the pool boiling performance of a new refrigerant, HFO-1234yf (hydrofluoroolefin 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene). The similarities in thermophysical properties with HFC-134a and low global warming potential make HFO-1234yf the prospective next generation refrigerant in automotive air-conditioning systems. This study examines the possibility of using this refrigerant for two-phase cooling of hybrid and electric vehicle power electronic components. Pool boiling experiments were conducted with HFO-1234yf and HFC-134a at system pressures ranging from 0.7 to 1.7 MPa using horizontally oriented 1 cm2 heat sources. Results show that the boiling heat transfer coefficients of HFO-1234yf and HFC-134a are nearly identical at lower heat fluxes. HFO-1234yf yielded lower heat transfer coefficients at higher heat fluxes and lower critical heat flux (CHF) as compared with HFC-134a. To enhance boiling heat transfer, a copper microporous coating was applied to the test surfaces. The coating provided enhancement to both the boiling heat transfer coefficients and CHF, for both refrigerants, at all tested pressures. Increasing pressure decreases the level of heat transfer coefficient enhancements while increasing the level of CHF enhancements.

Subcooled-Boiling and Convective Heat Transfer to Heptane Flowing Inside an Annulus and Past a Coiled Wire: Part I—Experimental Results

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 922-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Mu¨ller-Steinhagen ◽  
A. P. Watkinson ◽  
N. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Convective Heat Transfer ◽  
Convective Heat ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Nucleate Boiling ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients

Heat transfer coefficients for subcooled heptane were measured in two flow geometries for different heat fluxes, flow rates, bulk temperatures, and system pressures. Regimes of convective heat transfer and of nucleate boiling were delineated for a concentric annular test section containing an internally heated rod, and for a resistance-heated coiled wire mounted in crossflow. Second-order effects such as flow direction, hysteresis, and method of pressurization were also investigated.

Flow Boiling of Coolant (HFE-7000) Inside Structured and Plain Wall Microchannels

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-J. Kuo ◽  
Y. Peles
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Flow Boiling ◽  
Nucleate Boiling ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Mass Fluxes ◽  
Side Walls ◽  
Parallel Microchannels ◽  
The Heat Transfer Coefficient

Flow boiling was experimentally studied using coolant HFE-7000 for two types of parallel microchannels: a plain-wall microchannel and a microchannel with structured reentrant cavities on the side walls. Flow morphologies, boiling inceptions, heat transfer coefficients, and critical heat fluxes were obtained and studied for mass fluxes ranging from G=164 kg/m2 s to G=3025 kg/m2 s and mass qualities (energy definition) ranging from x=−0.25 to x=1. Comparisons of the performance of the enhanced and plain-wall microchannels were carried out. It was found that reentrant cavities were effective in reducing the superheat at the onset of nucleate boiling and increasing the heat transfer coefficient. However, they did not seem to increase the critical heat flux.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of Nucleate Boiling of Flammable, Environmentally Friendly Refrigerants

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartosz Gil ◽  
Beata Fijałkowska
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Nucleate Boiling ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
New Correlation ◽  
Boiling Process ◽  
The Heat Transfer Coefficient

This paper investigates the nucleate boiling process of dimethyl ether and selected hydrocarbons. The main goal of this study is to measure the heat transfer coefficients of RE170, R600a, and R601, and to compare them with R134a. The experiments were carried out for heat fluxes up to 70 kW/m2. Experimental results have shown a typical trend that the heat transfer coefficient of flammable refrigerants increases as the heat flux increases. Among the tested fluids, the highest values of heat transfer coefficient were obtained for RE170. Available correlations describing this coefficient showed a deviation of up to 93%, as compared to the data obtained. The new correlation was developed by regression analysis taking into account dimensionless variables affecting the boiling process.

An Experimental Study on the Effects of Nozzle and Surface Geometry in FC-72 Jet Cooling

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
L.-H. Chien ◽  
T.-L. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Nucleate Boiling ◽  
Spray Cooling ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients

ABSTRACTIn this study, a spray cooling device for electronic components was investigated. Dielectric fuid (FC-72) was sprayed at 50°C through five nozzles (4.243mm spacing). The nozzles are of diameters 0.17, 0.23 or 0.41mm. Volume flow rate varied from 24.5 to 99.1ml/min. Two grooved surfaces and a smooth surface were tested, and the heated area was 12 × 12mm2. The larger nozzles yielded greater heat transfer coefficients at high heat fluxes (300 ∼ 600kW/m2). However, smaller nozzles result in greater dry-out heat fluxes and greater heat transfer coefficients at heat flux < 300kW/m2. The C4 surface, having parallel grooves of 0.4mm depth, improved the spray cooling performance by up to 80% as compared with the smooth suface. Its thermal resistance is 0.11 ∼ 0.12K/W at 99.1ml/min flow rate, in the range of 85 ∼ 130W heat input. A new correlation of spray cooling, accounting for the contributions of nucleate boiling and spray convection, is proposed. For data of FC-72 in the range of Re = 856 ∼ 6188, Bo = 0.19 ∼ 5.70, We = 25.2 ∼ 3541.3, the predicted h-values agree with experimental data of the smooth surface within ±25%.

Nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficients of halogenated refrigerants up to critical heat fluxes

2009 ◽  
Vol 223 (6) ◽  
pp. 1415-1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
K-J Park ◽  
D Jung ◽  
S E Shim
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Boiling Heat Transfer ◽  
Pool Boiling ◽  
Nucleate Boiling ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Nucleate Pool Boiling ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients

In this work, nucleate pool boiling heat transfer coefficients (HTCs) of five refrigerants of differing vapour pressures are measured on a horizontal, smooth copper surface of 9.53×9.53 mm. The tested refrigerants are R123, R152a, R134a, R22, and R32 and HTCs are taken from 10 kW/m2 to the critical heat flux (CHF) of each refrigerant. Wall and fluid temperatures are measured directly by thermocouples located underneath the test surface and in the liquid pool, respectively. Test results show that nucleate pool boiling HTCs of halogenated refrigerants increase as the heat flux and vapour pressure increase. This typical trend is maintained even at high heat fluxes above 200 kW/m2. Zuber's prediction equation for CHF is quite accurate showing a maximum deviation of 21 per cent for all refrigerants tested. For all refrigerants, Stephan and Abdelsalam's well-known correlation underpredicted nucleate boiling HTC data up to the CHF with an average deviation of 21.3 per cent, while Cooper's correlation overpredicted the data with an average deviation of 14.2 per cent. On the other hand, Gorenflo's and Jung et al.'s correlations showed 5.8 and 6.4 per cent deviations, respectively, in the entire nucleate boiling range up to the CHF.

A Parametric Study of Boiling Heat Transfer in a Horizontal Tube Bundle

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (4a) ◽  
pp. 976-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Jensen ◽  
J.-T. Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Boiling Heat Transfer ◽  
Tube Bundle ◽  
Local Heat Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Tube ◽  
Local Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients

Boiling heat transfer outside of a section of a uniformly heated horizontal tube bundle in an upward crossflow was investigated using R-113 as the working fluid. The inline tube bundle had five columns and 27 rows with a pitch-to-diameter ratio of 1.3. Heat transfer coefficients obtained from the 14 instrumented tubes are reported for a range of fluid and flow conditions; slightly subcooled liquid inlet conditions were used. At most heat fluxes there was no significant variation in the local heat transfer coefficients throughout the tube bundle. However, at low heat fluxes and mass velocities, the heat transfer coefficient increased at positions higher in the tube bundle. As pressure and mass velocity increased so did the heat transfer coefficients. For the local heat transfer coefficient, a Chen-type correlation is compared to the data; the data tend to be overpredicted by about 20 percent. Reasons for the overprediction are suggested.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF THE THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF REFRIGERANTS R134A, R245fa, R407C AND R600a DURING FLOW BOILING IN A MICROCHANNELS HEAT SINK

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
H. L. S. L. Leão ◽  
D. B. Marchetto ◽  
G. Ribatski
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Flow Boiling ◽  
Saturation Temperature ◽  
Nucleate Boiling ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients

A comparative study of the performance of of refrigerants R134a, R407C, R245fa and R600a during flow boiling was performed for a 123x494 µm2 heat sink composed of 50 parallel rectangular microchannels. Heat transfer experimental results for heat fluxes up to 310 kW/m2, mass velocities from 300 to 800 kg/(m2 s), liquid subcoolings of 5 and 10 °C and saturation temperature close to 30 ºC were obtained. Global heat transfer coefficients (footprint) up to 10 kW/(m2 °C) were found. The liquid superheating necessary for the onset of nucleate boiling (ONB) was also characterized, and the fluids R245fa and R407C presented the highest and lowest, respectively, superheating to trigger the boiling process. Moreover, for a fixed averaged vapor quality, the average effective heat transfer coefficient increases with increasing mass velocity and liquid subcooling. The refrigerants R600a and R407C presented the highest and the lowest heat transfer coefficients, respectively. Five heat transfer predictive methods from literature provided accurate predictions of the data for R134a, R245fa and R600a, capturing most of the data trends. No one method provided accurate predictions of the heat transfer coefficient data of R407C.

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