Kinematic and Kinetic Analysis of the Human Wrist by Stereoscopic Instrumentation

1979 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Erdman ◽  
J. K. Mayfield ◽  
F. Dorman ◽  
M. Wallrich ◽  
W. Dahlof
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Force Transducer ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
Reconstructive Procedures ◽  
Computer Knowledge ◽  
Force Moment ◽  
Carpal Mechanics

A three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic analysis of the human wrist can lend useful data to understand carpal mechanics. This data would also be useful in implant design and evaluating surgical reconstructive procedures. A stereoscopic photographic technique using light-emitting diodes (LED’s) is described that records on film three-dimensional relative motion between two bone segments. The LED’s are inserted into the carpal bones at key ligamentous attachments. Kinetic data is generated by use of a force transducer. LED frames are mounted on both sides of the wrist joint and to the calibrated transducer so that the three-dimensional motion and force (moment) information is recorded at the same time. Wrist motion is generated both passively and dynamically by motors attached to the principle wrist tendons. The kinematic and kinetic data, recorded on film, is then digtized and analyzed by computer. Knowledge of the relative three-dimensional motion of the intercarpal and radiocarpal joints and the relative forces that are distributed through the various wrist ligaments will be produced by this instrumentation. Output computer graphics routines, including screw axis data, have been developed.

scholarly journals Experimental & FEM Analysis of Orthodontic Mini-Implant Design on Primary Stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5461
Author(s):  
Elmedin Mešić ◽  
Enis Muratović ◽  
Lejla Redžepagić-Vražalica ◽  
Nedim Pervan ◽  
Adis J. Muminović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Engineering System ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Computer Aided

The main objective of this research is to establish a connection between orthodontic mini-implant design, pull-out force and primary stability by comparing two commercial mini-implants or temporary anchorage devices, Tomas®-pin and Perfect Anchor. Mini-implant geometric analysis and quantification of bone characteristics are performed, whereupon experimental in vitro pull-out test is conducted. With the use of the CATIA (Computer Aided Three-dimensional Interactive Application) CAD (Computer Aided Design)/CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing)/CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) system, 3D (Three-dimensional) geometric models of mini-implants and bone segments are created. Afterwards, those same models are imported into Abaqus software, where finite element models are generated with a special focus on material properties, boundary conditions and interactions. FEM (Finite Element Method) analysis is used to simulate the pull-out test. Then, the results of the structural analysis are compared with the experimental results. The FEM analysis results contain information about maximum stresses on implant–bone system caused due to the pull-out force. It is determined that the core diameter of a screw thread and conicity are the main factors of the mini-implant design that have a direct impact on primary stability. Additionally, stresses generated on the Tomas®-pin model are lower than stresses on Perfect Anchor, even though Tomas®-pin endures greater pull-out forces, the implant system with implemented Tomas®-pin still represents a more stressed system due to the uniform distribution of stresses with bigger values.

Three-dimensional kinematics of the lunate, hamate, capitate and triquetrum with type 1 or 2 lunate morphology

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Abe ◽  
Hisao Moritomo ◽  
Kunihiro Oka ◽  
Kazuomi Sugamoto ◽  
Kenji Kasubuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Ulnar Deviation ◽  
Dart Throwing ◽  
Carpal Kinematics ◽  
Throwing Motion

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in three-dimensional carpal kinematics between type 1 and 2 lunates. We studied 15 instances of wrist flexion to extension (nine type 1, six type 2), 13 of radial to ulnar deviation (seven type 1, six type 2), and 12 of dart-throwing motion (six each of type 1 and 2) in 25 normal participants based on imaging with computerized tomography. Mean proximal translation of the distal articular midpoint of the triquetrum relative to type 2 lunates during wrist radioulnar deviation was 2.9 mm (standard deviation (SD) 0.7), which was significantly greater than for type 1 lunates, 1.6 mm (SD 0.6). The hamate contacted the lunate in ulnar deviation and ulnar flexion of wrists with type 2 lunates but not with type 1. We conclude that the four-corner kinematics of the wrist joint are different between type 1 and 2 lunates.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Technology Applications in Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery: Current Surgical Implications

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2523
Author(s):  
Yasmin Ghantous ◽  
Aysar Nashef ◽  
Aladdin Mohanna ◽  
Imad Abu-El-naaj
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
3D Technology ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Reconstructive Procedures ◽  
3D Printing Technology

Defects in the oral and maxillofacial (OMF) complex may lead to functional and esthetic impairment, aspiration, speech difficulty, and reduced quality of life. Reconstruction of such defects is considered one of the most challenging procedures in head and neck surgery. Transfer of different auto-grafts is still considered as the “gold standard” of regenerative and reconstructive procedures for OMF defects. However, harvesting of these grafts can lead to many complications including donor-site morbidity, extending of surgical time, incomplete healing of the donor site and others. Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is an innovative technique that allows the fabrication of personalized implants and scaffolds that fit the precise anatomy of an individual’s defect and, therefore, has attracted significant attention during the last few decades, especially among head and neck surgeons. Here we discuss the most relevant applications of the 3D printing technology in the oral and maxillofacial surgery field. We further show different clinical examples of patients who were treated at our institute using the 3D technology and discuss the indications, different technologies, complications, and their clinical outcomes. We demonstrate that 3D technology may provide a powerful tool used for reconstruction of various OMF defects, enabling optimal clinical results in the suitable cases.

Dedicated CT and MRI Techniques for the Evaluation of the Postoperative Knee

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 444-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Khodarahmi ◽  
Elliot Fishman ◽  
Jan Fritz
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
Orthopaedic Implant ◽  
Metal Artifact ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithms ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Metal Implants ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractAdvances in surgical techniques, orthopaedic implant design, and higher demands for improved functionality of the aging population have resulted in a high prevalence of patients with metallic implants about the knee. Total knee arthroplasty, knee-replacing tumor prostheses, and osteosynthesis implants create various imaging artifacts and pose special challenges for the imaging evaluation with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CT artifacts can be effectively mitigated with metal artifact reduction reconstruction algorithms, dual-energy data acquisition with virtual monoenergetic extrapolation, and three-dimensional postprocessing techniques, such as volume and cinematic rendering. Artifacts related to metal implants on MRI can be reduced via optimization of the scan parameters and using advanced techniques such as multi-acquisition variable-resonance image combination, and slice encoding for metal artifact correction.

Multibody Analysis and Control of a Full-Wrist Exoskeleton for Tremor Alleviation

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiamin Wang ◽  
Oumar R. Barry
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Light Power ◽  
Multibody Modeling ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Reliable Performance ◽  
Rotational Joint

Abstract Uncontrollable shaking in the human wrist, caused by pathological tremor, can significantly undermine the power and accuracy in object manipulation. In this paper, the design of a tremor alleviating wrist exoskeleton (TAWE) is introduced. Unlike the works in the literature that only consider the flexion/extension (FE) motion, in this paper, we model the wrist joint as a constrained three-dimensional (3D) rotational joint accounting for the coupled FE and radial/ulnar deviation (RUD) motions. Hence TAWE, which features a six degrees-of-freedom (DOF) rigid linkage structure, aims to accurately monitor, suppress tremors, and provide light-power augmentation in both FE and RUD wrist motions. The presented study focuses on providing a fundamental understanding of the feasibility of TAWE through theoretical analyses. The analytical multibody modeling of the forearm–TAWE assembly provides insight into the necessary conditions for control, which indicates that reliable control conditions in the desired workspace can be acquired by tuning the design parameters. Nonlinear regressions are then implemented to identify the information that is crucial to the controller design from the unknown wrist kinematics. The proposed analytical model is validated numerically with V-REP and the result shows good agreement. Simulations also demonstrate the reliable performance of TAWE under controllers designed for tremor suppression and movement assistance.

A Clipless Pedal-Sensor System for Three Dimensional Kinetic Analysis During Cycling

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 917-922
Author(s):  
Kai-Han Liang ◽  
Hong-Wen Wu ◽  
Li-Cheng Hsieh ◽  
Yi-Wen Chang
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sensor System

Three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic analysis of quadrupedal walking in the common marmoset ( Callithrix jacchus )

2017 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hikaru Shimada ◽  
Ryogo Kanai ◽  
Takahiro Kondo ◽  
Kimika Yoshino-Saito ◽  
Akito Uchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Common Marmoset ◽  
Callithrix Jacchus ◽  
The Common ◽  
Quadrupedal Walking

Application of a Three-Dimensional Computational Wrist Model to Proximal Row Carpectomy

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Wayne ◽  
Afsarul Q. Mir
Keyword(s):  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Proximal Row Carpectomy ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
Bony Anatomy ◽  
Muscle Loading ◽  
Functional Consequences ◽  
Triangular Fibrocartilage ◽  
Insight Into

A three-dimensional (3D) computational model of the wrist examined the biomechanical effects of the proximal row carpectomy (PRC), a surgical treatment of certain wrist degenerative conditions but with functional consequences. Model simulations, replicating the 3D bony anatomy, soft tissue restraints, muscle loading, and applied perturbations, demonstrated quantitatively accurate responses for the decreased motions subsequent to the surgical procedure. It also yielded some knowledge of alterations in radiocarpal contact force which likely increase contact pressure as well as additional insight into the importance of the triangular fibrocartilage complex and retinacular/capsular structures for stabilizing the deficient wrist. As better understanding of the wrist joint is achieved, this model could serve as a useful clinical tool.

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