Power Heat Balance Considerations in Design and Operation of Industrial Plants

1959 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-336
Author(s):  
J. I. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Balance ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Costs ◽  
Industrial Plants

Relations between design of process equipment and power-service facilities for industrial plants and the effect of each on over-all investment and operating costs are shown by typical examples. A brief discussion is given of a method of controlling manufacturing costs by application of power-performance standards once a plant is in operation.

scholarly journals Implementation of Energy Harvesting System of Wastes of Compressed Air Wastes for Electrical Steel Cutting Line

2019 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Dominik Gryboś ◽  
Jacek S. Leszczyski
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Steel ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Manufacturing Plants ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Cutting Line ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Reducing Costs

The pneumatic systems are commonly used in industrial plants to power pneumatic machines and tools. However, since production of compressed air is quite expensive, manufacturing plants are trying to reduce the operating costs of pneumatic systems by improving their energy efficiency. There are three main methods of reducing costs in these systems: averting energy losses, limiting input energy and harvesting energy wastes of compressed air. In this article, the authors focus on the last method mentioned above - recovering energy wastes from cutting line of electrical steel in a production plant, by using their own invention. The maximum power Pe of the device is changing from 190 W to 60 W and it depends on the value of overpressure in the tank. In one hour, the device generates about 0.07 kWh energy and uses about 3.8 m3 of air in overpressure of 6 bar.

Considerations When Converting Industrial Plants to Coal Firing

1978 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 374-379
Author(s):  
W. F. Coles ◽  
J. T. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Industrial Plants

With fuel supplies changing and directives of policy being formulated, the use of coal for the industrial plant is of major concern for many owners. This paper discusses many of the questions which are asked on this subject for retrofitting existing plants and for designs of new coal-fired plants. One particular area for discussion is coal gasification for existing plants with package boilers. Estimated capital and operating costs are reviewed for various size ranges applicable to the industrial power plant.

scholarly journals Use of ozone for dіcrease of microbal load

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
M. Savcheniuk ◽  
B. Yarchuk ◽  
L. Korniienko ◽  
T. Tsarenko ◽  
D. Okhrimenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corona Discharge ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Main Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pulsed Mode ◽  
Impact On Survival ◽  
Test Cultures

Ozone enters into chemical reaction with many organic compounds. Ozone is a very strong oxidant. It oxidizes most of the elements to higher oxides. In the oxidation reaction by ozone activity second only to fluorine, its oxide and free radicals. It is formed from oxygen by absorbing heat in this case, and, conversely, when the expansion goes into oxygen, giving off heat. The main method of obtaining ozone for practical purposes is electrosynthesis. In industrial conditions for using ozone and corona discharge barrier. Ozonizers corona discharge can significantly increase the efficiency of ozone by reducing capital and operating costs for the process equipment and ozonation. Research shows that ozone air ozonator pulsed mode increases the resistance of animals to the action of microorganisms factor. In animals and poultry in industrial production often develop diseases caused by pathogens factor. These diseases mainly occurring symptom of lesions of the respiratory and digestive systems. In many countries today conducted research using ozone, and the results of these studies are published in the course of scientific-metric database. For normal growing animals, especially young animals, premises should be thoroughly disinfected. Disinfection is required for all technological facilities as livestock and poultry. Experimentally found that ozone has a bactericidal effect (for example, test cultures E. coli) on different surfaces (wood, Petri dish) considering its concentration and exposure. The results of influence of different concentrations of ozone in ozonair mixture is fed into the container of the Petri dish, and time impact on survival of microorganisms provides a fairly accurate prediction of the results of impact parameters ozonation. Key words: ozon, ozone therapy, Escherichia coli, disinfection.

Motorized Valves Control System Centralization: How Does it Impact on Reliability, Costs and Performance?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Moreira Fonseca ◽  
Fernando Henrique Fernandes ◽  
Valdivino José Lima ◽  
Vilmar Bento Souza
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Programmable Logic ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Supervisory System ◽  
Valve System ◽  
Protocol Conversion ◽  
Control Devices ◽  
And Performance

The master-slave topology, based on programmable logic controllers and their respective controlled equipment are often characterized by the use of intermediate devices called Master Stations that perform the interface between data processing and triggering unit, and are responsible for protocol conversion, data acquisition, priority setting, and management of slave devices. For the most part, these intermediate control devices are systems developed by manufacturers and process equipment suppliers themselves, more specifically in the control of large quantities of motorized valves in industrial plants. As a result, a project was implemented to implement control and supervision information exchange routines of the motorized valve system directly through the PLC / Supervisory System, eliminating the need for the use of intermediate control devices. The results show high simplification in the architecture by removing the Master Station and changing the network topology, attaining an overall cost reduction, and a great improvement on performance, by the higher communication speed levels, especially for decreasing the latency delays; lastly, control centralization into more robust equipment and network segregation of the valve system, turned it easier to diagnose failures, ensured operational continuity, reduced the statistic of failures and increased the reliability of the process.

scholarly journals Multiflux sedimentation process of industrial suspensions without addition of a flocculant

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 00119
Author(s):  
Tymoteusz Turlej
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Entire Process ◽  
Sedimentation Process ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Repeated Use

The development of a closed-circular economy is an opportunity to increase its competitiveness and reduce operating costs. Repeated use of water taken from the environment in industrial plants has been used for many years. An important aspect is to maintain the required physicochemical parameters throughout the entire process. The required physicochemical parameters should be maintained by applying appropriate purification processes. The use of a closed cycle of water circulation in production processes allows reducing the load of sewage affecting the environment. Mechanical treatment of wastewater, e.g. through the use of the sedimentation process, is slow and often requires the support of coagulation or flocculation processes, and thus the use of auxiliary chemistry. At the same time, to increase the efficiency of the sedimentation process, it is possible to use multiflux fillings to accelerate the sedimentation process without the use of chemicals. The article presents the results of the use of multiflux fillings in the sedimentation process on the example of selected industrial suspensions.

Use of digital microscopy in process control during the manufacture of rubber-modified thermoplastics

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 616-617
Author(s):  
M. T. Dineen
Keyword(s):  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Hard Copy ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Digital Microscopy ◽  
Nih Image ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Conventional Film ◽  
Product Loss ◽  
Image Collection

The production of rubber modified thermoplastics can exceed rates of 30,000 pounds per hour. If a production plant needs to equilibrate or has an upset, that means operating costs and lost revenue. Results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used for process adjustments to minimize product loss. Conventional TEM, however, is not a rapid turnaround technique. The TEM process was examined, and it was determined that 50% of the time it took to complete a polymer sample was related to film processing, even when using automated equipment. By replacing the conventional film portion of the process with a commercially available system to digitally acquire the TEM image, a production plant can have the same TEM image in the control room within 1.5 hours of sampling.A Hitachi H-600 TEM Operated at 100 kV with a tungsten filament was retrofitted with a SEMICAPS™ image collection and processing workstation and a KODAK MEGAPLUS™ charged coupled device (CCD) camera (Fig. 1). Media Cybernetics Image-Pro Plus software was included, and connections to a Phaser II SDX printer and the network were made. Network printers and other PC and Mac software (e.g. NIH Image) were available. By using digital acquisition and processing, the time it takes to produce a hard copy of a digital image is greatly reduced compared to the time it takes to process film.

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