Evaluation on the Power-Generation Capacity of an Implantable Thermoelectric Generator Driven by Radioisotope Fuel

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Bioheat Transfer ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
Working Performance

Embedding a thermoelectric generator (TEG) in a biological body is a promising way to supply electronic power in the long term for an implantable medical device (IMD). The unique merit of such a method lies in its direct utilization of the temperature difference intrinsically existing throughout the whole biological body. Therefore, it can resolve the service life mismatch between the IMD and its battery. In order to promote the stability of the power-generation capacity of the implanted TEG, this paper is dedicated to study a low cost and highly safe practical pattern of implanting a TEG driven by the radioisotope fuel into a human body. Recurring to the thermal energy releasing during disintegration of the radioactive isotope, it can guarantee a marked promotion in the temperature difference across the implanted TEG, consequently supplying enough power for the IMDs. A bioheat transfer model with or without a large vessel is established to characterize the feasibility and working performance of the method. The numerical simulation and parametric studies on tissue status, device properties, and environmental conditions revealed that, no matter in what conditions, the implanted TEG driven by the radioisotope fuel can always offer a much higher energy output than that provided by body heat alone. Meanwhile, in vivo/surrounding environment, isotope conditions, and intentional skin surface cooling also exhibit a direct influence on the temperature distribution of the implantable TEG and thus affect the working performance. Coordinating with the intentionally imposed cooling on the skin surface, the maximum TEG power can reach several mW, which is strong enough to meet the power consumption of the IMDs. These results were expected to be a valuable reference for designing an implantable TEG, which may actually be used in future clinics.

Evaluation of the Power-Generation Capacity of Implantable Thermoelectric Power Generator Driven by Radioisotope Fuel

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Radioactive Isotope ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Power Generator ◽  
Thermoelectric Power Generator ◽  
Generation Capacity

The unique merit of the implantable thermoelectric generator lies in its direct utilization of the temperature difference intrinsically existing throughout the whole biological body. Therefore, it can resolve the service life mismatch between the IMD and its battery. In order to promoting the TEG maximum power, a piece of radioisotope fuel was fixed on the TEG hot junction. Recurring to the thermal energy released during disintegration of radioactive isotope, it can guarantee a marked promotion in the temperature difference across the implanted TEG; consequently apply enough power for the IMDs.

scholarly journals Research and design of grid connection and waste heat utilization of marine generating units

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 06003
Author(s):  
Anning Yi ◽  
Hongtao Guo
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Frequency Conversion ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Energy Unit

This work is based on the use of waste heat from the temperature difference semiconductor heat exchanger, which can effectively use the waste heat in the exhaust gas, and convert it into electrical energy output through the temperature difference semiconductor material, which can increase engine efficiency and reduce energy consumption; at the same time, it can reduce engine noise and vibration. Extended service life. Due to the strong electromagnetic interference and severe vibration of the generator, there are few remote control devices on the market for the generator. This project uses a 2.4G wireless communication module to control the frequency conversion and speed regulation of the generator. In order to save manpower, start remotely, stop as soon as possible, monitor the operating status of the waste heat temperature difference power generation, reasonably replace the power, start quickly, and reach the electromechanical Integrated product. The realization of intelligent frequency conversion technology can adjust the engine speed according to different electrical appliances, adapt to external loads, realize automatic voltage adjustment, and save fuel consumption. The grid-connected system solves the frequency and phase problems of generators of different models, generations, and manufacturers in parallel, and realizes the re-mixing of old generators, which greatly improves the service life of engines and the best power generation supply, and reduces power generation systems and storage. The configuration cost of the energy unit improves the comprehensive utilization rate of the equipment, has a higher working efficiency, has good economic benefits, and can achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.

A Novel Thermoelectric Generator for the Detection of Electrical Equipment

2013 ◽  
Vol 743-744 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Hong Tao Yu ◽  
Zhi Feng Zhang ◽  
Qing Quan Qiu ◽  
Qiang Sun ◽  
Guo Min Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Cold Side ◽  
Simulation And Experiment ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level

Semiconductor thermoelectric generators have a series of advantages, such as compact volume, high-level reliability, and effective power generation in the presence of temperature difference. In many occasions, as a result of high voltage, electrical equipments can't be measured by the way of direct contact. In order to avoid equipment faults caused by low-voltage contact, a thermoelectric generator which uses waste heat of electrical equipments in service was designed. Electrical equipments often operate below 400K, and in this condition Bi2Te3 shows an outstanding performance of power generation. In order to solve the problems of little temperature difference and output power on steady-state, two methods were introduced. On the one hand, the temperature difference can be increased by filling with thermal insulation padding between the p-n junctions and using a heat sink in the cold side, and on the other hand, the output voltage and power will be augmented by increasing the number of p-n junctions. These methods have been proved effectively by simulation and experiment with promising outcomes.

scholarly journals Research on Engine Exhaust Energy Recovery by a Heat Pipe Exchanger with a Semiconductor Thermoelectric Generator

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Fu ◽  
Yuan Tang ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Yi Ma ◽  
Zhiguo Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Working Performance ◽  
Exhaust Energy ◽  
Good Agreement

A heat pipe exchanger was adopted to recover the engine exhaust energy and its internal gas pressure. Velocity and temperature distribution were obtained with the computational fluid dynamics software called ‘FLUENT’. Based on the simulation results, the structure of the exchanger was improved, and its working performance was verified by experiments. The experiments showed that the pressure loss of the exchanger is only about 850 Pa, which has less influence on engine performance and is in good agreement with the simulation, as this is a more homogeneous internal air temperature distribution with better exchanger’s efficiency. And by measuring the output power under the temperatures 335 K, 355 K, 375 K and 395 K, respectively, at the cold end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator, it was found that it had the same cold end temperature and the temperature difference was over 100 K. The output power increases rapidly at first and then continues to grow but at a decreasing rate, and the largest output power is 75.6 W when the cold end temperature is 335 K with the temperature difference of 380 K, and in addition to this it was observed that under the same temperature difference, the lower cold end temperature is the larger the output power.

Validation and inter-rater reliability of inexpensive, mini, no-touch infrared surface thermometry devices as an assessment tool for prediction of wound-related deep and surrounding infection

WCET Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Hiske Smart ◽  
Eman Al Al Jahmi ◽  
Ebrahim Buhiji ◽  
Sally-Anne Smart
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Infrared Thermometry ◽  
Health Care Clinics ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Wound Assessment ◽  
The Times ◽  
Assessment Modality

Industrial infrared thermometry devices are large and, despite being less expensive than the current gold standard Exergen Dermatemp medical infrared thermometer, are still not affordable enough to ensure unrestricted and consistent use of this assessment modality in regular wound-related day-to-day practice. An increased skin surface temperature differentiation of 3°F associated with a wound has a positive predictive ability to detect deep or surrounding wound infection. This study hypothesised that inexpensive, pen- or pocket-sized, no-touch surface infrared thermometry devices will be equal in ability to detect a 3oF increased skin temperature compared to the Exergen Dermatemp infrared device and be reliable in the hands of any wound assessor. The odds of the control and other thermometers to detect a 3oF temperature difference, irrespective of the raters, were achieved in all five of the mini thermometers tested, with a correct temperature difference prediction that occurred in 90.933% of the times (odds determined 9/10). As a result of this study mini, no-touch infrared thermometry, to detect a 3oF temperature difference in wound assessment to determine tendency, could be implemented into primary health care clinics, rural clinics, day-to-day hospital practice and standard outpatients departments at a small financial cost, regardless of which thermometer is put to use.

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION TO ENHANCE THE POWER GENERATION FOR THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR UNIT

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-462
Author(s):  
Abhishek Khanchi ◽  
Mani Kanwar Singh ◽  
Harkirat Sandhu ◽  
Satbir Sehgal
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Generator Unit

scholarly journals A Study of Developing a Prediction Equation of Electricity Energy Output via Photovoltaic Modules

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1503
Author(s):  
Minsu Kim ◽  
Hongmyeong Kim ◽  
Jae Hak Jung
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Mean Error ◽  
Pv Module

Various equations are being developed and applied to predict photovoltaic (PV) module generation. Currently, quite diverse methods for predicting module generation are available, with most equations showing accuracy with ≤5% error. However, the accuracy can be determined only when the module temperature and the value of irradiation that reaches the module surface are precisely known. The prediction accuracy of outdoor generation is actually extremely low, as the method for predicting outdoor module temperature has extremely low accuracy. The change in module temperature cannot be predicted accurately because of the real-time change of irradiation and air temperature outdoors. Calculations using conventional equations from other studies show a mean error of temperature difference of 4.23 °C. In this study, an equation was developed and verified that can predict the precise module temperature up to 1.64 °C, based on the experimental data obtained after installing an actual outdoor module.

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