Determining the Cost Benefit of High-Temperature Coatings for Concentrating Solar Power Thermal Storage Using Probabilistic Cost Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg C. Glatzmaier ◽  
Judith C. Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Inconel 625 ◽  
Concentrating Solar Power ◽  
310 Stainless Steel ◽  
The Cost

Probabilistic cost analysis determined the cost benefit for applying a protective coating to the wetted surfaces of stainless steel tank walls for concentrating solar power (CSP) thermal storage applications. The model estimated the total material cost of coated 347 or 310 stainless steel (347/310) and the cost of uncoated Inconel 625, which served as the reference tank wall cost. Model results showed that the cost of the coated 347/310 stainless steel was always statistically less than the cost of the bare Inconel 625 when these materials are used for tank walls at representative tank diameters and temperatures for CSP storage applications.

scholarly journals A Review of Conventional and Innovative- Sustainable Methods for Cleaning Reflectors in Concentrating Solar Power Plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Bouaddi ◽  
Aránzazu Fernández-García ◽  
Chris Sansom ◽  
Jon Sarasua ◽  
Fabian Wolfertstetter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Concentrating Solar Power ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Cleaning Methods ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Solar Field ◽  
High Reflectance

The severe soiling of reflectors deployed in arid and semi arid locations decreases their reflectance and drives down the yield of the concentrating solar power (CSP) plants. To alleviate this issue, various sets of methods are available. The operation and maintenance (O&M) staff should opt for sustainable cleaning methods that are safe and environmentally friendly. To restore high reflectance, the cleaning vehicles of CSP plants must adapt to the constraints of each technology and to the layout of reflectors in the solar field. Water based methods are currently the most commonly used in CSP plants but they are not sustainable due to water scarcity and high soiling rates. The recovery and reuse of washing water can compensate for these methods and make them a more reasonable option for mediterranean and desert environments. Dry methods, on the other hand, are gaining more attraction as they are more suitable for desert regions. Some of these methods rely on ultrasonic wave or vibration for detaching the dust bonding from the reflectors surface, while other methods, known as preventive methods, focus on reducing the soiling by modifying the reflectors surface and incorporating self cleaning features using special coatings. Since the CSP plants operators aim to achieve the highest profit by minimizing the cost of cleaning while maintaining a high reflectance, optimizing the cleaning parameters and strategies is of great interest. This work presents the conventional water-based methods that are currently used in CSP plants in addition to sustainable alternative methods for dust removal and soiling prevention. Also, the cleaning effectiveness, the environmental impacts and the economic aspects of each technology are discussed.

scholarly journals Economics of an Additive Manufactured Heat Exchanger for Concentrating Solar Power

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey Ziev ◽  
Erfan Rasouli ◽  
Ines Noelly-Tano ◽  
Ziheng Wu ◽  
Srujana Yarasi Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power ◽  
Future Technologies ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Alternative Current ◽  
The Impact

Developing low cost, high efficiency heat exchangers (HX) for application in concentrated solar power (CSP) is critical to reducing CSP costs. However, the extreme operating conditions in CSP systems present a challenge for typical high efficiency HX manufacturing processes. We describe a process-based cost model (PBCM) to estimate the cost of fabricating an HX for this application using additive manufacturing (AM). The PBCM is designed to assess the effectiveness of different designs, processes choices, and manufacturing innovations to reduce HX cost. We describe HX design and AM process modifications that reduce HX cost from a baseline of$780/kW-thto$570/kW-th. We further evaluate the impact of alternative current and potential future technologies on HX cost, and identify a pathway to further reduce HX cost to$270/kW-th.

scholarly journals Fire now, fire later: alarm-based systems for prescriptive process monitoring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan A. Fahrenkrog-Petersen ◽  
Niek Tax ◽  
Irene Teinemaa ◽  
Marlon Dumas ◽  
Massimiliano de Leoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Monitoring ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Event Logs ◽  
Future State ◽  
Process Instance ◽  
The Cost

AbstractPredictive process monitoring is a family of techniques to analyze events produced during the execution of a business process in order to predict the future state or the final outcome of running process instances. Existing techniques in this field are able to predict, at each step of a process instance, the likelihood that it will lead to an undesired outcome. These techniques, however, focus on generating predictions and do not prescribe when and how process workers should intervene to decrease the cost of undesired outcomes. This paper proposes a framework for prescriptive process monitoring, which extends predictive monitoring with the ability to generate alarms that trigger interventions to prevent an undesired outcome or mitigate its effect. The framework incorporates a parameterized cost model to assess the cost–benefit trade-off of generating alarms. We show how to optimize the generation of alarms given an event log of past process executions and a set of cost model parameters. The proposed approaches are empirically evaluated using a range of real-life event logs. The experimental results show that the net cost of undesired outcomes can be minimized by changing the threshold for generating alarms, as the process instance progresses. Moreover, introducing delays for triggering alarms, instead of triggering them as soon as the probability of an undesired outcome exceeds a threshold, leads to lower net costs.

scholarly journals Overview of predictive CSP spread prospects and its opportunities

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Timon Busse ◽  
Frank Dinter
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Concentrating Solar Power ◽  
Storage Technology ◽  
The Cost

An investigation was carried out to illustrate the prospects and challenges associated with implementation of concentrating solar power (CSP) with storage technology in South Africa. Various factors were examined that have an effect on the cost of CSP plants and offer an overall review of the opportunities CSP has for the country. This paper appeals the general idea that CSP is not cost effective enough and attempts to illustrate the feasibility of this technology in South Africa.

Predicated Partial Redundancy Elimination using a Cost Analysis

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 525-536
Author(s):  
Bernhard Scholz ◽  
Eduard Mehofer ◽  
Nigel Horspool
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Code Size ◽  
Redundancy Elimination ◽  
Key Technology ◽  
Flow Information ◽  
Partial Redundancy Elimination ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Partial Redundancy

Partial redundancy elimination (PRE) is a key technology for modern compilers. However traditional approaches are conservative and fail to exploit many opportunities for optimization. New PRE approaches which greatly increase the number of eliminated redundancies have been developed. However, they either cause the code size to explode or they cannot handle statements with side-effects. In this paper we describe a predicated partial redundancy elimination (PPRE) approach which can potentially remove all partial redundancies. To avoid performance overheads caused by predication, PPRE is applied selectively based on a cost model. The cost analysis presented in the paper utilizes probabilistic data-flow information to decide whether PPRE is profitable for each instance of a partially redundant computation. Refinements of the basic PPRE transformation are described in detail. In contrast to some other approaches our transformation is strictly semantics preserving.

scholarly journals Improved High Temperature Solar Absorbers for Use in Concentrating Solar Power Central Receiver Applications

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Ambrosini ◽  
Timothy N. Lambert ◽  
Marlene Bencomo ◽  
Aaron Hall ◽  
Kent vanEvery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Concentrating Solar Power ◽  
Solar Absorptance ◽  
Thermal Emittance ◽  
Solar Absorbers ◽  
Operating Temperatures ◽  
Stability Issues ◽  
The Cost

Concentrating solar power (CSP) systems use solar absorbers to convert the heat from sunlight to electric power. Increased operating temperatures are necessary to lower the cost of solar-generated electricity by improving efficiencies and reducing thermal energy storage costs. Durable new materials are needed to cope with operating temperatures < 600°C. The current coating technology (Pyromark High Temperature paint) has a solar absorptance in excess of 0.95 but a thermal emittance greater than 0.8, which results in large thermal losses at high temperatures. In addition, because solar receivers operate in air, these coatings have long term stability issues that add to the operating costs of CSP facilities. Ideal absorbers must have high solar absorptance (>0.95) and low thermal emittance (<0.3 at receiver surface operating temperatures), be stable in air, and be low-cost and readily manufacturable. Recent efforts at Sandia National Laboratories have begun to address the issue of more efficient solar selective coatings for tower applications. This paper will present an overview of these efforts which address the development of new coatings on several fronts.

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