Synthesis and Characterization of Polyion Complex Membranes Made of Aminated Polyetherimide and Sulfonated Polyethersulfone for Fuel Cell Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Harsha ◽  
S. Kalyani ◽  
V. V. Basava Rao ◽  
S. Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Sulfonated Polyethersulfone ◽  
Sorption Time

Acid–base blends of sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES) with pristine and aminated polyetherimide (APEI) are synthesized. Three blends polyethersulfone (PES)/polyetherimide (PEI), SPES/PEI, and SPES/APEI are prepared and characterized to evaluate their structural, morphological, mechanical, and other properties. Ion exchange capacity (IEC) of SPES/APEI and SPES/PEI blend membranes was determined to be 3.0 and 2.7 meq g−1, which is a substantial improvement over the 1.0 meq g−1 exhibited by unmodified PES/PEI blend. The proton conductivity of 0.093 S cm−1 displayed by SPES/APEI blend is found to be comparable to that of commercial Nafion membrane (0.056 S cm−1) and far superior to conductivities of 0.091 and 0.082 S cm−1 shown by SPES/PEI and PES/PEI blends, respectively. Further, water sorption observed in case of SPES/APEI and SPES/PEI blends was in the range 17–18% over a soaking time period of 12 hrs, which is ideal for proton conduction accompanied by low-membrane swelling. The methanol permeabilities of SPES/APEI and SPES/PEI blends are found to be 2.5 × 10−7 and 3.47 × 10−7 cm2 s−1, respectively. Compared to unmodified PES/PEI blend which revealed a methanol sorption of 12.3%, the modified blends SPES/PEI (9.6%) and SPES/APEI (7.5%) exhibited much lower methanol uptake over a sorption time of 12 hrs, indicating their capacity for low fuel bypass. The results demonstrate the promising potential of polymer blends made by combining a sulfonated polymer with an aminated polymer, such as SPES/APEI for fuel cell (FC) applications.

scholarly journals Promising Potential of Eugenol (Clove) Based Organic Membrane for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

2021 ◽  
Vol 2117 (1) ◽  
pp. 012037
Author(s):  
E C Muliawati ◽  
A Budianto ◽  
A Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Proton Conductor ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Solvent Absorption

Abstract Fuel cell is one of alternative method to replace fossil fuel energy. The important component of fuel cell is a membrane that used for separating cathode and anode also as a proton conductor. The purpose of this research is to produce polymer electrolyte membrane from poly (eugenol sulfonate) (PES) as polymer matrix, characterize the resulting membrane analysis using ionic properties analysis by calculating ionic conductivity using impedance spectroscopy, ion exchange capacity (IEC), solvent absorption analysis by calculating water uptake and methanol permeability, and studying mechanism Proton transport that occurs on the membrane. This research was initiated by making polymer of PES, and then fabrication and characterization of electrolytic polymer membrane. The formed membrane has an optimal proton conductivity of 0.00095 S.cm-1 with PES composition of 22% (wt).

Preparation and Characterization of Novel Sulfonated Copolyimide Membranes

e-Polymers ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahram Mehdipour-Ataei ◽  
Ahmad Banihashemi ◽  
Hamid Yeganeh ◽  
Ahmad Rabiee
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Disulfonic Acid ◽  
Polycondensation Reaction ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Phenyl Sulfone ◽  
One Step ◽  
Tetracarboxylic Dianhydride

AbstractNucleophilic substitution reaction of 5-amino-1-naphthol with disodium- 3,3'-disulfonate-4,4'-dichlorodiphenylsulfone (SBCPS) in the presence of sodium hydroxide and subsequent acidification resulted in a new diamine monomer named as 3,3'-disulfonic acid-bis[4-(5-amino-1-naphthoxy)phenyl]sulfone (DANPS). This monomer containing ether, sulfone, and bulky naphthyl groups was used to prepare two series of new copolyimides via one step polycondensation reaction. This sulfonated diamine (DANPS) was polycondensed with two unsulfonated diamines, 4,4'-oxydianiline (ODA), and m-phenylenediamine (m-PDA) and 1,4,5,8- naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (NDA) to prepare copolyimides with controlled degrees of sulfonation. Monomers and polymers were fully characterized with common methods and the physical properties of the polymers including thermal behavior and stability, viscosity, and ion exchange capacity (IEC) as a criterion for evaluation of the performance in fuel cell membrane were investigated.

scholarly journals Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Based on Nafion and a Superacidic Inorganic Additive for Fuel Cell Applications

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Mazzapioda ◽  
Stefania Panero ◽  
Maria Assunta Navarra
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Thermal Transitions ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Electrolyte Membranes

Nafion composite membranes, containing different amounts of mesoporous sulfated titanium oxide (TiO2-SO4) were prepared by solvent-casting and tested in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), operating at very low humidification levels. The TiO2-SO4 additive was originally synthesized by a sol-gel method and characterized through x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and ion exchange capacity (IEC). Peculiar properties of the composite membranes, such as the thermal transitions and ion exchange capacity, were investigated and here discussed. When used as an electrolyte in the fuel cell, the composite membrane guaranteed an improvement with respect to bare Nafion systems at 30% relative humidity and 110 °C, exhibiting higher power and current densities.

Preparation and Characterization of Bipolar Membranes Modified by Adding Multi-Carboxylic Metallophthalocyanine Derivatives into the Cation Layer

2014 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 248-254
Author(s):  
Min Lu ◽  
Yan Yu Hu ◽  
Ri Yao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Central Metal ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Bipolar Membranes ◽  
Cation Layer

The multi-carboxylic metallophthalocyanine derivatives were added into carboxymethyl cellulose cation layer to prepare the modified carboxymethyl cellulose/chitosan bipolar membranes (CMC/CS BPMs), which were characterized using electric universal testing machine, contact angle measurer and so on. The results showed that the mechanical properties were increased after modification. Moreover, the ion exchange capacity, and the hydrophilicity of the modified CMC membrane dramatically rose. As the catalytic centers, the metallophthalocyanine derivatives sped up water splitting, decreased the membrane impedance and cell voltage. In comparison with the BPMs modified by mononuclear metallophthalocyanine derivatives, the catalytic ability for water splitting of the binuclear metallophthalocyanine derivatives (especially with different central metal ions) was enhanced. At the current density of 60 mA·cm-2, the cell voltage of the BPM modified by FeCoPc2(COOH)12 was only 5.3V.

scholarly journals MEMBRANES BASED ON ACID-DOPED TRIAZOLE POLYMERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-28
Author(s):  
Yuliya Verhozina ◽  
Yuriy Pozhidaev
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Conductivity Activation Energy ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ir And Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Base Method

The composition and structure of the membrane based on the acid-base method of elemental analysis, IR and NMR spectroscopy were studied. The ion-exchange capacity, proton conductivity, activation energy, and thermogravimetric analysis of the resulting membranes were studied.

Effect of Solution Casting Temperature on Characteristic of Nafion®-Mordenite Composite Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

2014 ◽  
Vol 666 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Theampetch Apichaya ◽  
Paweena Prapainainar ◽  
Chaiwat Prapainainar
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Solution Casting ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell

In this paper, proton conducting composite membranes of Nafion®-mordenite for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) were prepared using solution casting method. Mordenite, used as inorganic filler, was incorporated into Nafion polymer in order to improve membrane properties for DMFC application. Effect of solution casting temperature on resulting composite membranes was focused. The temperature of the membrane preparation was varied from 80 to 120°C. Properties and morphology of the resulting membranes including solubility, water uptake, ion – exchange capacity were investigated and reported. It was found that composite membrane prepared at 100°C gave the most alcohol resistance and mechanical stability membrane with 0.59% soluble. Furthermore, it gave highest ion – exchange capacity, 0.10 meq⋅g-1, which is 33% and 98% higher than the membranes prepared at 80°C and 120°C respectively.

A novel proton conducting polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deivanayagam Paradesi ◽  
Sivasubramanian Gandhimathi ◽  
Hariharasubramanian Krishnan ◽  
Ramaswamy Jeyalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Membrane Electrode Assembly ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Oxygen Fuel

A series of phenolphthalein-based sulfonated poly(ether ether sulfone) (SPEES) membranes were synthesized by aromatic nucleophilic polymerization reaction. The degree of sulfonation was controlled by direct synthesis of sulfonated polymer, which leads to high thermal stability. The physicochemical properties of the SPEES membranes were studied in order to evaluate the suitability of these membranes in fuel cell applications. The ion-exchange capacity of the synthesized SPEES membranes was found in the range between 2.19 mequiv. g−1 and 2.35 mequiv. g−1. The morphology of the membranes was investigated with high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and confirmed the presence of hydrophilic domains that impart good proton conductivity. The membrane electrode assembly of SPEES-30 and SPEES-50 membranes has been successfully fabricated, where SPEES-50 produced a maximum peak power density of 643 mW cm−2 while applying in hydrogen–oxygen fuel cell.

Preparation and Characterization of Sulfonated Imide-Grafted Poly(ethersulfone)s

2011 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Dong Wan Seo ◽  
Young Don Lim ◽  
Soon Ho Lee ◽  
Md. Monirul Islam ◽  
Hyun Mi Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Chlorosulfonic Acid ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Triethyl Amine ◽  
Ft Ir

Poly(ethersulfone)s carrying pendant sulfonated imide side group. The first step in the preparation involved nitration of poly(ethersulfone) (ultrason®-S6010), with ammonium nitrate and trifluoroacetic anhydride resulting in the nitrated poly(ethersulfone) (NO2-PES). In the second step, the nitro groups on polymer were reacted with tin(II)chloride and sodium iodide as reducing agents for creating the amino poly(ethersulfone) (NH2-PES). The imide-poly(ethersulfone)s (IPES) were obtained by reaction of phthalic anhydride and the amino-poly(ethersulfone) with triethyl amine. The sulfonated imide-poly(ethersulfone)s (SIPES) were prepared by chlorosulfonic acid. The different degrees of sulfonated imide units of poly(ethersulfone) were successfully synthesized by an optimized condition. The Sulfonated imide-poly(ethersulfone)s (SIPES) were studied by FT-IR,1H-NMR spectroscopy and thermo gravimetric analysis(TGA). Sorption experiments were conducted to observe the interaction of sulfonated polymers with water. The ion exchange capacity (IEC) and proton conductivity of SIPES membranes were evaluated with increase of degree of sulfonation. The water uptake of synthesized SIPES membranes exhibit 30 ~ 65 % compared with 28 % of Nafion 211®. The SIPES membranes exhibit proton conductivities (25 °C) of 1.21 ~ 2.62´10-3S/cm compared with 3.37´10-3S/cm of Nafion 211®.

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