A Method for Creating Product Social Impact Models of Engineered Products

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip D. Stevenson ◽  
Christopher A. Mattson ◽  
Eric C. Dahlin
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Impact Categories ◽  
The Social ◽  
Impact Indicators ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Models

AbstractAll products impact the lives of their users, this is called social impact. Some social impacts are commonly recognized by the engineering community, such as impacts to a user’s health and safety, while other social impacts can be more difficult to recognize, such as impacts on families and gender roles. When engineers make design decisions, without considering social impacts, they can unknowingly cause negative social impacts. Even harming the user and/or society. Despite its challenges, measuring a program’s or policy’s social impact is a common practice in the field of social sciences. These measurements are made using social impact indicators, which are simply the things observed to verify that true progress is being made. While there are clear benefits to predicting the social impact of an engineered product, it is unclear how engineers should select indicators and build predictive social impact models that are functions of engineering parameters and decisions. This paper introduces a method for selecting social impact indicators and creating predictive social impact models that can help engineers predict and improve the social impact of their products. As a first step in the method, an engineer identifies the product’s users, objectives, and requirements. Then, the social impact categories that are related to the product are determined. From each of these categories, the engineer selects several social impact indicators. Finally, models are created for each indicator to predict how a product’s parameters will change these indicators. The impact categories and indicators can be translated into product requirements and performance measures that can be used in product development processes. This method is used to predict the social impact of the proposed, expanded U.S. Mexico border wall.

A Simple Starting Point for Designing for and/or Assessing the Social Impact of Products

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Ottosson ◽  
Emma Hirschi ◽  
Christopher A. Mattson ◽  
Eric Dahlin
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Impact Categories ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

In this paper we present a starting point for designing for and/or assessing the social impact of engineered products. The starting point is a set of tables comprising products, their general functional characteristics, and the accompanying social impacts. We have constructed these tables by first extracting a set of social impact categories from the literature, then 65 products were qualitatively reviewed to find their social impact. The resulting product impact tables can be used at either the beginning of the product development process to decide what social impact to design for and discover product functions that lead to it, or later to qualitatively assess the social impact of a product being designed and/or to assess the impact of an existing product.

Towards a Universal Social Impact Metric for Engineered Products That Alleviate Poverty

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip D. Stevenson ◽  
Christopher A. Mattson ◽  
Kenneth M. Bryden ◽  
Nordica A. MacCarty
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

More than ever before, engineers are creating products for developing countries. One of the purposes of these products is to improve the consumer’s quality of life. Currently, there is no established method of measuring the social impact of these types of products. As a result, engineers have used their own metrics to assess their product’s impact, if at all. Some of the common metrics used include products sold and revenue, which measure the financial success of a product without recognizing the social successes or failures it might have. In this paper we introduce a potential metric, the Product Impact Metric (PIM), which quantifies the impact a product has on impoverished individuals — especially those living in developing countries. It measures social impact broadly in five dimensions: health, education, standard of living, employment quality, and security. The PIM is inspired by the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) created by the United Nations Development Programme. The MPI measures how the depth of poverty within a nation changes year after year, and the PIM measures how an individual’s quality of life changes after being affected by an engineered product. The Product Impact Metric can be used to predict social impacts (using personas that represent real individuals) or measure social impacts (using specific data from products introduced into the market).

scholarly journals Analisis Dampak Sosial Akibat Pabrik Kertas Di Desa Parmaksian Tobasa Menggunakan Paradigma Ekofeminis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-70
Author(s):  
Ayu Indira Hasugian
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

AbstrakDesa Siruar Parmaksian Tobasa di salah satu desa yang berada di daerah Toba mengalami perubahan sosial akibat dampak negatif berdirinya PT TPL. Dampak yang diberikan mengarah kepada kaum perempuan/ibu sehingga mengakibatkan aktivitas sehari-hari perempuan/ibu menjadi terkendala. Dampak ini terjadi di setiap harinya, sehingga akan sangat berdampak buruk bagi hubungan antara perempuan dan alam. Melihat kasus tersebut peneliti ingin melakukan penelitian terhadap kondisi  yang dialami kaum perempuan/ibu tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisa dampak sosial akibat pabrik kertas di Desa Siruar Parmaksian Tobasa kepada para perempuan dengan menggunakan paradigma Ekofeminis yang di tawarkan oleh McFague dan Warren, dan dikaji dalam bentuk studi kasus. Metode penelitian yang peneliti pakai adalah Metode Studi Kasus dari Teori E.P Gintings. Ada beberapa isu yang muncul dari kasus atau masalah ini, diantaranya : dampak sosial, dampak kerusakan alam terhadap kehidupan para perempuan, dan paradigma baru relasi perempuan dan alam atau rekonstruksi paradigma. Hal ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui Bagaimana dampak sosial akibat pabrik kertas terhadap masyarakat yang berada di lingkungan  Industri Kertas di Desa Siruar Parmaksian Tobasa yang mengarah kepada perempuan yang terdampak dan Bagaimana upaya-upaya yang dilakukan kaum perempuan/ibu di desa siruar untuk mempertahankan tanah/wilayahnya yang telah di rusak oleh perusahaan tersebut?. Hasil Analisis menunjukkan bahwa  paradigma Ekofeminis sudah menerapkan paradigma dengan istilah “Konstruksionisme”, yang disebut dengan istilah metafora dunia sebagai tubuh Allah, artinya dunia harus dipahami sebagai satu kesatuan organik, tubuh Tuhan dan bisa menanamkan sikap yang menghargai dunia.Kata Kunci: dampak sosial, paradigma ekofeminis AbstractThe village of Siruar Parm testimony Tobasa in a village in the Toba area experienced social changes due to the negative impact of the establishment of PT TPL. The impact that is given is directed at women / mothers so that it causes the daily activities of women / mothers to be constrained. This impact occurs every day, so it will have a very bad impact on the relationship between women and nature. Seeing this case, the researchers wanted to conduct research on the conditions experienced by these women / mothers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the social impacts of the paper mill in Siruar Parm testimony Tobasa on women using the Ecofemist paradigm offered by McFague and Warren, and study it in the form of a case study. The research method that researchers use is the Case Study Method of E.P Gintings Theory. There are several issues that arise from this case or problem, including: social impacts, the impact of natural destruction on women's lives, and a new paradigm of relations between women and nature or paradigm reconstruction. This is done to find out how the social impact of the paper mill on the community living in the Paper Industry in Siruar Parm testimony Tobasa Village which leads to affected women and how the efforts made by women / mothers in Siruar Village to defend their has been damaged by the company ?. The results of the analysis show that the Ecofemist paradigm has applied a paradigm with the term "Constructionism", which is called the metaphor of the world as the body of God, meaning that the world must be understood as an organic unit, the body of God and can instill an attitude of respect for the world. Keywords: social impact, eco-feminist paradigm

scholarly journals Assessing Social Impacts in Current and Future Electricity Production in the European Union

2021 ◽  
pp. 257-273
Author(s):  
Nils Brown ◽  
David Lindén
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Future Scenarios ◽  
Impact Categories ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Life Cycle Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gas Supply

AbstractIn this chapter social impacts of European electricity production are compared between the current situation and the REFLEX scenarios for 2050 from a life cycle perspective using the SOCA tool. The analyses indicate that for a limited number of social impact categories the SOCA add-on tool can identify geographic locations where improvement in social performance may non-negligibly improve the social impacts for future energy systems. Results show that gas supply from Russia is a major cause of social impact for all future scenarios in the subcategory “fair salary” due to the fact that the minimum wage is below the living wage in the country. The specific process for electricity generation in Europe contributes to social impacts in the same category to a lesser extent.

FMEA-Inspired Analysis for Social Impact of Engineered Products

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Armstrong ◽  
Christopher A. Mattson ◽  
John L. Salmon ◽  
Eric C. Dahlin
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
New Method ◽  
Style Analysis ◽  
Engineering Community ◽  
The Social

Abstract Social Impact has been widely discussed by the engineering community, but studies show that there is currently little systematic consideration of the social impact of products in both academia and in industry beyond social impacts on health and safety. This paper illustrates how Failure Mode and Effect Analaysis (FMEA) style analysis can be applied to evaluating the social impact of products. The authors propose a new method titled Social Impact Effects Analysis (SIEA), describe how it is performed, and explain the benefits of performing SIEA.

Mega-event and urban sustainable development

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Wen Liang ◽  
Chih-Hung Wang ◽  
Sheng-Hshiung Tsaur ◽  
Chang-Hua Yen ◽  
Jin-Hua Tu
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Urban Sustainability ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Impact Measurement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Impact Indicators ◽  
Mega Event ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the impact indicators of the 2010 Taipei International Flora Exposition from the perspective of residents and to investigate the effects of these impacts on the urban sustainability through the perceptions of Taipei residents after the exposition. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a literature review and consulted experts to identify the impact indicators of the exposition. This process resulted in 17 indicators of economic impact, 12 indicators of environmental impact, and 13 indicators of social impact, and the authors developed a 12-dimension/42-indicator mega-event impact measurement scale. Using a survey of 1,628 host residents after the exposition, the authors performed regression analysis to investigate the effects of these impacts on the urban sustainability. Findings The results indicated that economic, environmental, and social impacts exerted significant positive effects on urban sustainability. All positive dimensions of economic, environmental, and social impact exerted significant positive effects on urban sustainability, and all negative dimensions exerted nonsignificant effects on urban sustainability. Originality/value This study identified the impact indicators of the 2010 Taipei International Flora Exposition and investigated the effects of these impacts on the urban sustainability. The findings of this study indicated that economic, environmental, and social impacts of the exposition exerted significant positive effects on urban sustainability.

scholarly journals Innovation Management, from Materiality Assessment to Sustainability Reporting, opening the Social Impact Black Box

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27
Author(s):  
Belen Suarez Lopez ◽  
Antonio Vargas Alcaide
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Sustainability Reporting ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
System Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

When the impossible becomes inevitable. The covid-19 has disrupted increasing the speed of changes in the Industry 4.0, highlighting the need to make a paradigm shift from ego-system to eco-system perspective, challenging organizations and citizens to react from their changemakers role. Two crucial needs arise: firstly, the need to innovate to address the tremendous and complex challenges we face and on the other hand, the need to assess and manage our social impacts. Most organizations should redesign their purpose to focus on measuring, monitoring, and reporting not only in financial terms but also taking into account the non-financial performance, especially in terms of sustainability. Some authors names this time, the era of “stakeholders capitalism”. This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific, standardization, and business discussion on understanding how organizations could measure their financial, environmental, and social impacts; how to increase the quality of the sustainability reporting, and deliver the most benefit for their stakeholders. The article analyzes the pathway of Innovating, Evaluating and Reporting the Impact, using the materiality assessment as a driver to create value thanks to disruptive technologies as Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain and the Internet of things. The result of the study can be practically valuable for many stakeholders: the Organizations Management and Boards, Chief Innovation Officers and Teams responsible for Sustainability reporting, Auditors assuring the reliability of sustainable reporting, the Scientifics researching on the topic of Innovation, Impact Assessment, and Sustainability; Public Administrations for addressing the economic, social and environmental challenges, and building trust by ensuring transparency and accountability; Investors and other stakeholders interested on understanding long-term value creation and the social and environmental risk assessment to incentivize sustainable growth.

Combining Direct and Indirect User Data for Calculating Social Impact Indicators of Products in Developing Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan J. Stringham ◽  
Daniel O. Smith ◽  
Christopher A. Mattson ◽  
Eric C. Dahlin
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Hand Pump ◽  
Remote Sensors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Impact Indicators ◽  
User Data ◽  
Motion Unit

Abstract Evaluating the social impacts of engineered products is critical to ensuring that products are having their intended positive impacts and learning how to improve product designs for a more positive social impact. Quantitative evaluation of product social impacts is made possible through the use of social impact indicators, which combine the user data in a meaningful way to give insight into the current social condition of an individual or population. Most existing methods for collecting these user data for social impact indicators require direct human interaction with users of a product (e.g., interviews, surveys, and observational studies). These interactions produce high-fidelity data that help indicate the product impact but only at a single snapshot in time and are typically infrequently collected due to the large human resources and cost associated with obtaining them. In this article, a framework is proposed that outlines how low-fidelity data often obtainable using remote sensors, satellites, or digital technology can be collected and correlated with high-fidelity, infrequently collected data to enable continuous, remote monitoring of engineered products via the user data. These user data are critical to determining current social impact indicators that can be used in a posteriori social impact evaluation. We illustrate an application of this framework by demonstrating how it can be used to collect data for calculating several social impact indicators related to water hand pumps in Uganda. Key to this example is the use of a deep learning model to correlate user type (man, woman, or child statured) with the raw hand pump data obtained via an integrated motion unit sensor for 1200 hand pump users.

Product Development Using Perceived Correlations Between the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and Social Impact Categories

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle E. Johnson ◽  
Marin J. Fisher ◽  
John L. Salmon ◽  
Christopher A. Mattson
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Impact Categories ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The United Nations

Abstract This paper discusses the perceived relations between the Social Impact Categories (SIC) and Social, Economic, and Environmental (SEE) Aspects derived from the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Surveys showed high correlations between Health and Safety and Population Change to the majority of SEE Aspects. There were also high correlations between the SICs and economic and environmental factors. Further research will survey perceived relations between all three SEE impact categories.

scholarly journals The Interference of Abandoned Mining Sites with the Surrounding Human Communities

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Ionce Anca ◽  
Ionce Ruxandra
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ownership Rights ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Use

Abstract The social, economic and environmental effects of the mining activities on the surrounding human communities, specifically after the cessation of such profile units without undertaking the necessary safety and greening measures, are rarely analysed in our country. The modifications in quality and capacity of economic use of the abandoned mining perimeters after the cessation of activity, corroborated with the pressure exercised by the citizens to re-establish the ownership rights, with the impact on the general state of health and security of the local population, are only some of the forms of social impact these areas have. In the Suceava County there are over 15 abandoned mining sites in populated areas. The present paper will address these issues in critical areas in the Suceava County and will present the forms of risk these areas pose on the health and safety of the surrounding human communities, most of which are due to the lack of measures meant to reduce the ecological impact of the mining sites after their abandonment.

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