Thermal Simulations of Cancerous Breast Tumors and Cysts on a Realistic Female Torso
Abstract Thermography as a clinical imaging technique has been around for several decades, however it has not become a common diagnostic technique mainly due to its low specificity. The development of computational models of heat transfer in biological tissue can provide a deeper knowledge of healthy and non-healthy thermal patterns could increase the usefulness of thermography in clinical diagnosis. In this work the thermal pattern of cancerous and benign breast tumors are calculated through finite element computer simulations using a realistic female human torso. The simulation results show a thermal pattern which is consistent with infrared images of female subjects and it is not present in simulations performed using other approximate geometries of the breast. A parametric study using cancerous tumors and cysts as a function of size and depth show that the temperature over the skin closest to the tumor decreases for benign tumors while it increases for malignant tumors, also the temperature patterns show a 20% deviation from thermal simulations using a hemispherical breast model. This result indicates that there is a strong geometric component in the human temperature pattern. These results are a first step to understand benign and malignant thermal processes in the breast which might help increase the usefulness of infrared imaging in breast clinical diagnosis.