scholarly journals Study on the Effect of MRI in the Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Thoracic Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Yangli Sui ◽  
Mingyan Chi ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Lin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Breast Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Mediastinal Tumors ◽  
Chest Wall Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity

In order to investigate the effectiveness and accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of benign and malignant thoracic tumors, the research retrospectively selected 80 patients with thoracic tumors admitted from May 2019 to May 2020 as the study subject and all patients were underwent MRI detection. Using pathological diagnostic results as the gold standard, the research analyzed the detection of benign and malignant thoracic tumors by MRI, as well as the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. After pathological diagnosis, there were 35 malignant tumors and 45 benign tumors. 41 cases of malignant tumors and 39 cases of benign tumors were diagnosed by MRI, with a diagnostic sensitivity of 80.00%, a diagnostic specificity of 71.11%, and a diagnostic compliance rate of 75.00%. In the MRI diagnosis of tumors in different parts of the chest, the diagnostic sensitivity for lung tumors, mediastinal tumors, chest wall tumors, and esophageal tumors was 83.33%, 71.43%, 83.33%, 75.00%, and 87.50%, respectively, and the specificity was 66.67%, 77.78%, 57.14%, 50.00%, and 91.67% according to and breast tumors, respectively. And the accuracy was 73.33%, 75.00%, 69.23, 62.50%, and 90.00%, respectively, with the highest diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for breast tumors. MRI has a good effect on the diagnosis of benign and malignant thoracic tumors and has a high diagnostic value, which is helpful to identify the location, nature, source, and lesion scope of the tumor. It is safe and worthy of promotion.

scholarly journals Improved Immunodiagnosis of Cystic Hydatid Disease by Using a Synthetic Peptide with Higher Diagnostic Value Than That of Its Parent Protein, Echinococcus granulosus Antigen B

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 3979-3983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gualberto González-Sapienza ◽  
Carmen Lorenzo ◽  
Alberto Nieto
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Synthetic Peptides ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cystic Hydatid Disease ◽  
Antigen B ◽  
Parent Protein ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity

The assays are used for the diagnosis of hydatid disease are still imperfect. The reported diagnostic sensitivity and specificity vary greatly depending on the panel of sera used, the laboratory conducting the assay, and, more critically, the antigen used. To contribute to its standardization, we have recently ranked the diagnostic performances of the major parasite antigens and the available synthetic peptides using a large collection of serum samples. That work showed that antigen B (AgB) possesses the highest diagnostic value among these antigens. In the present work we further dissected its antigenicity by analyzing the reactivity of the same panel of sera against a set of synthetic peptides spanning the sequence of both AgB subunits. The N-terminal extension of these subunits appeared to be immunodominant in human infections. A 38-mer peptide (p176) delineated from the N-terminal extension of the AgB/1 subunit performed in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a higher diagnostic sensitivity (80%) and specificity (94%) than native AgB, Ag5, or any other peptide antigen tested against this collection of serum samples. In view of its high diagnostic value and its nature as a well-defined reproducible antigen, p176 could conveniently be used as a reference standard antigen in the diagnosis of hydatid disease.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Analysis of Na+/K+-ATPase and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Expressions in Both Parenchymal and Stromal Cells from Benign and Malignant Canine Mammary Tumors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ozlem ozmen
Keyword(s):  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Breast Tumors ◽  
Mammary Tumors ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Ion Pump ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Canine Mammary Tumors

Abstract Canine mammary tumors are the most common type of dog tumor, and they are similar to human breast tumors. Na+/K+-ATPase is a common plasma membrane ion pump with important physiological and pathophysiological functions. In mammary tumors, the tumor microenvironment was composed of a heterogeneous population of tumor cells and nearby endogenous stromal cells. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) regulate fetal development, tissue homeostasis and differentiation, and a variety of cellular functions. The purpose of this study is to examine the immunohistochemical expression of Na+/K+-ATPase and BMP-2 in tumoral and stromal cells from benign and malignant canine mammary tumors. In this study, ten benign and ten malignant mammary tumors from the archives of the Department of Pathology were used, with five normal breast tissues serving as controls. The results of the revealed that tumors had higher levels of Na+/K+-ATPase and BMP-2 expressions than normal mammary tissue. While both markers were expressed negatively or mildly in benign tumors, they increased significantly in malignant tumors. Both Na+/K+-ATPase and BMP-2 are expressed by tumoral and stromal cells in canine mammary tumors. When compared to compared to BMP-2, Na+/K+-ATPase expression was found to be more severe. This study found that Na+/K+-ATPase and BMP-2 can be used as markers of malignancy in canine mammary tumors and that stromal cells also play an important role in tumor progression. These findings also indicated that Na+/K+-ATPase and BMP-2 may be used for early diagnosis or as a potential target for treatment of canine and human breast tumors in the future.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF OPHTHALMOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION IN PATIENTS WITH BRAIN TUMORS

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Keneshbek Yrysov ◽  
Mitalip Mamytov ◽  
Eliza Alik kyzy
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Benign Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Visual Disorders ◽  
The Brain

The objective of the work was an accentuation of clinical appearances of pathogenesis of congestive optic disc as a basis for improving their diagnosis. Material and methods. This work based on the analysis of ophthalmological symptoms in 169 patients with brain tumors that underwent neurosurgical tumor surgery at Neurosurgical Clinic of National Hospital (Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic) from 2014 to 2019. Patient’s age varied from 14 years to 67 years old, medium age was 34 years. The number of male was 63, and the number of female was 106. All patients were examined by using neurological investigation, MRI of the brain before surgery and MRI/CT after surgery. Benign tumors have been identified in 56 patients and malignant tumors in 50 patients. Glial brain tumors identified in most cases (49 patients). Results. We could investigate visual function of 55 (93 %) patients out of 169 patients with congestive optic disc caused by large appearances in the brain. 46 (27.4 %) of patients out of 169 had reduced visual acuity caused by congestive optic disc. Meanwhile 22 (13.1 %) patients had acuity in both eyes by 1.0; 6 (3.3 %) patients had a blind or a partially blind eye, whereas the reduction of visual acuity was in another eye; additionally 7 (4 %) patients were blind or nearly blind in both eyes. Conclusion. The frequency and severity of visual disorders in congestive optic disc depend on the congestive optic disc stages. The stage of severe congestive optic disc and other already existing visual disorders are prognostically unfavorable for visual functions of patients with congestive optic disc. The terms of congestive optic disc regression depend on the methods of treatment. Congestive optic disc regression is occurring slowly (from 1 month to 3 years) when the medicamental therapy is used for patients with benign intracranial hypertension. Surgical or bypass removal of the large appearance of liquor system of congestive optic disc regression is much faster (1 to 1.5 months).

scholarly journals Adrenal wash-out CT: moderate diagnostic value in distinguishing benign from malignant adrenal masses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiebke Schlötelburg ◽  
Ines Ebert ◽  
Bernhard Petritsch ◽  
Andreas Max Weng ◽  
Ulrich Dischinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Expert Radiologist ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Adrenal Masses ◽  
Adrenocortical Carcinomas ◽  
Attenuation Values

Objective: Reliable results of wash-out CT in the diagnostic workup of adrenal incidentalomas are scarce. Thus, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of delayed wash-out CT and determined thresholds to accurately differentiate adrenal masses. Design: Retrospective, single-center cohort study including 216 patients with 252 adrenal lesions who underwent delayed wash-out CT. Definitive diagnoses based on histopathology (n=92) or comprehensive follow-up. Methods: Size, average attenuation values of the adrenal lesions in all CT scan phases, absolute and relative percentage washout (APW/RPW) were determined by an expert radiologist blinded for clinical data. Adrenal lesions with unenhanced attenuation values >10HU built a subgroup (n=142). Diagnostic accuracy were calculated. Results: The study group consisted of 171 adenomas, 32 other benign tumors, 11 pheochromocytomas, 9 adrenocortical carcinomas and 29 other malignant tumors. All (potentially) malignant and 46% of benign lesions showed unenhanced attenuation values >10HU. In this most relevant subgroup, the established thresholds of 60% for APW and 40% for RPW misclassified 35.9% and 35.2% of masses, respectively. When we applied optimized cutoffs (APW>83%; RPW>58%) and excluded pheochromocytomas, we missed only 1 malignant tumor by APW and none by RPW. However, only 11% and 15% of benign tumors were correctly identified. Conclusions: Washout CT with the established thresholds for APW und RPW is insufficient to reliably diagnose adrenal masses. Using the proposed cutoff of 58% for RPW, malignant tumors will be correctly identified, but the added value is limited, namely 15% of patients with benign tumors can be prevented from additional imaging or even unnecessary surgery.

Analysis of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound and Elastography in the Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Apocrine Breast Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1807-1816
Author(s):  
Qin Lu ◽  
Huihui Sun ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Dongdong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Breast Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽  
Quantitative Diagnosis ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

In the past thirty years, breast cancer in women has continued to rise. The age of onset for women has become lower. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can clearly show the blood perfusion and neovascularization of breast masses. Elastography provides information on the stiffness of tissues. The combination of them shows a good advantage in the various early diagnosis of breast cancer. The combined electrograph can distinguish benign and malignant apocrine breast tumors. The shear wave electrograph (SWE) combined with CEUS has the strongest consistency in the diagnosis and pathology of breast benign tumors. When they were diagnosed separately, it was found that SWE has higher diagnostic value than CEUS; the quantitative diagnosis of SWE is slightly higher than the qualitative diagnosis, and the qualitative diagnosis of CEUS is higher than the quantitative diagnosis. Both SWE and CEUS are valuable in the diagnosis of benign and malignant apocrine breast tumor when combined treatment is made.

APPLICATION OF 2D ULTRASOUND, ELASTOGRAPHY ARFI AND MAMMOGRAPHY FOR DIAGNOSIS OF SOLID TUMORS IN BREAST

2019 ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Thi Song Huong Tran ◽  
Hoang Minh Thi Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Breast Tumors ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Cut Points ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
2D Ultrasound ◽  
Parallel Axis

Objective: To study image characteristics and values of 2D ultrasound, elastography ARFI and Mammography in the diagnosis of solid tumors in the breast. Methods: 34 patients with breast tumors were examined for 2D ultrasound, elastography ARFI and Mammography imaging. Results of 2D ultrasound, elastography ARFI and mammography were classified according to BI-RADS ACR 2013. Comparison of image results with pathology to determine the diagnostic value of 2D ultrasound, 2D ultrasound combines with ARFI, and combine with Mammography. Results: 34 patients in which 14 benign tumors and 20 malignant tumors. On ultrasound 2D: Benign tumors have the main characteristics are oval, well - defined, parallel axis with skin, hypoechogen. Malignant tumors have the main features of spiculation, non-parallel axis with the skin, markedly hypoechoic with posterior acoustic shadowing, microcalcification, vascular proliferation and invasion. On ARFI, an average score of Ako Itoh of benign tumors and malignant tumors is 2.86 ± 0.36 and cut points between E3 and E4; SWVi, SWVb in benign tumors are smaller than malignant tumors with the cut points are: 7.13 m/s; 3.13m/s. 2D + ARFI: 100% Se, Sp 92.86%, PPV 95.24%, 100% higher than 2D ultrasound and 2D + ARFI combined mammography have the same value. Conclusion: 2D ultrasound combines with ARFI and mammography is valuable in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of breast tumors. Key words: 2D ultrasound, Elastography ARFI, Mammography

scholarly journals CONTENT OF STEM TUMOR CD133+ CELLS IN BRAIN NEOPLASMS OF DIFFERENT HISTOLOGICAL TYPE

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-223
Author(s):  
N I Lisyaniy ◽  
D N Stanetskaya ◽  
A N Lisyaniy ◽  
L N Belskaya
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Histological Type ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Cell Content ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Resistance To Chemotherapy

Today, there are conflicting data on the content of cancer stem cells responsible for recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy in tumors of human brain. The aim of the study was to analyze the content of CD133+ cells in different brain tumors by immunofluorescence assay and immunohistochemical method. Materials and Methods: The samples of different brain tumors removed during neurosurgical operations were studied for CD133 expression. Results: Immunofluorescence assay of tumor imprints revealed CD133+ cells in 40–85% of tumors regardless of histological type. In malignant tumors, the count of CD133+ cells was higher than in benign tumors. Immunohistochemical method used for detection of CD133+ cells was less sensitive than immunofluorescence technique. The number of CD133+ cells may vary even in tumors of the same histological type. In 20–30% of malignant tumors (glioblastomas, medulloblastomas), the content of CD133+ cells was very low or not detected at all. Conclusions: In tumors of the brain of different genesis and degree of anaplasia CD133+ cells are found out. In malignant tumors (glioblastomas and medulloblastomas), CD133+ cells are much more frequently detected than in benign brain tumors. The content of CD133+ cells in brain tumors is highly variable being small and some malignant tumors, indicating low predictive and diagnostic value of cancer stem cell content in clinical practice.

Thermal Simulations of Cancerous Breast Tumors and Cysts on a Realistic Female Torso

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Breast Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Temperature Pattern ◽  
Thermal Pattern ◽  
Thermal Simulations

Abstract Thermography as a clinical imaging technique has been around for several decades, however it has not become a common diagnostic technique mainly due to its low specificity. The development of computational models of heat transfer in biological tissue can provide a deeper knowledge of healthy and non-healthy thermal patterns could increase the usefulness of thermography in clinical diagnosis. In this work the thermal pattern of cancerous and benign breast tumors are calculated through finite element computer simulations using a realistic female human torso. The simulation results show a thermal pattern which is consistent with infrared images of female subjects and it is not present in simulations performed using other approximate geometries of the breast. A parametric study using cancerous tumors and cysts as a function of size and depth show that the temperature over the skin closest to the tumor decreases for benign tumors while it increases for malignant tumors, also the temperature patterns show a 20% deviation from thermal simulations using a hemispherical breast model. This result indicates that there is a strong geometric component in the human temperature pattern. These results are a first step to understand benign and malignant thermal processes in the breast which might help increase the usefulness of infrared imaging in breast clinical diagnosis.

scholarly journals A cytohistological study of p53 overexpression in ovarian neoplasms

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monisha Choudhury ◽  
Seema Goyal ◽  
Mukta Pujani ◽  
Meenu Pujani
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Neoplasms ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Imprint Cytology ◽  
P53 Overexpression ◽  
P53 Expression

Abstract Background: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of imprint cytology in ovarian neoplasms, investigate the biological significance of p53 expression in malignant ovarian tumors and correlate it with histological type, grade and stage of tumor. Material and Methods: A total of 50 cases including 25 prospective and 25 retrospective cases were studied. Imprint cytology was performed on 25 ovarian tumors and compared with histopathological diagnosis. p53 immunohistochemistry was performed on all 50 cases. Results: On immunohistochemistry, all the benign tumors were negative for p53 while 42% of primary ovarian malignant tumors were positive. p53 expression was found to have a diagnostic value in differentiating benign from malignant tumors. p53 overexpression did not show any significant correlation with prognostic factors as stage of disease, grade of differentiation and type of tumor. Conclusion: The present study confirms the importance of p53 tumor suppressor gene expression as documented by immunohistochemistry in the differentiation of malignant and benign ovarian tumors.

Retrospective study on parotid gland tumors

ORL ro ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-23
Author(s):  
Ibric Cioranu ◽  
Vlad Petrescu Seceleanu ◽  
Viorel Ibric Cioranu ◽  
Andreea Smarandache ◽  
Sorin Vasilescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Squamous Carcinoma ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Warthin Tumor ◽  
Parotid Tumors ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Adenoid Cystic ◽  
Modal Treatment ◽  
Surgery Department

During 2011-2012, 56 patients diagnosed with parotid tumors were admitted to the Maxillofacial Surgery Department of “Lucian Blaga” University and in Euroclinic Hospital. 72% were benign tumors and 28% malignant. All patients received surgical treatment (total or partial parotidectomy). For the malignant tumors, radiotherapy was added to the modal treatment (94% of the cases). Pleomorphic adenoma was encountered in 70% of the benign cases, followed by Warthin tumor in 15%. Adenoid cystic carcinoma was noticed in 31% of the malignant cases, mucoepidermoid carcinoma in 25% of the cases, and squamous carcinoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma on 12.5% of the malignant cases.  

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