Challenges and Opportunities in Geometric Modelling of Complex Bio-Inspired 3D Objects Designed for Additive Manufacturing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Nikita Letov ◽  
Pavan Tejaswi Velivela ◽  
Siyuan Sun ◽  
Yaoyao Fiona Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geometric Modelling ◽  
Survey Paper ◽  
Engineering Software ◽  
Modelling Method ◽  
Geometric Objects ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

Abstract Ever since its introduction over five decades ago, geometric solid modelling has been crucial for engineering design purposes and is used in engineering software packages such as computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), computer-aided engineering (CAE), etc. Solid models produced by CAD software have been used to transfer geometric information from designers to manufacturers. Since the emergence of additive manufacturing (AM), a CAD file can also be directly uploaded to a three-dimensional (3D) printer and used for production. AM techniques allow manufacturing of complex geometric objects such as bio-inspired structures and lattice structures. These structures are shapes inspired by nature and periodical geometric shapes consisting of struts interconnecting in nodes. Both structures have unique properties such as significantly reduced weight. However, geometric modelling of such structures has significant challenges due to the inability of current techniques to handle their geometric complexity. This calls for a novel modelling method that would allow engineers to design complex geometric objects. This survey paper reviews geometric modelling methods of complex structures to support bio-inspired design created for AM which includes discussing reasoning behind bio-inspired design, limitations of current modelling approaches applied to bio-inspired structures, challenges encountered with geometric modelling and opportunities that these challenges reveal. Based on the review, a need for a novel geometric modelling method for bio-inspired geometries produced by AM is identified. A framework for such bio-inspired geometric modelling method is proposed as a part of this work.

Laser Additive Manufacturing

3D Printing ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 154-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasheedat M. Mahamood ◽  
Esther T. Akinlabi
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cad Model ◽  
Laser Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Aided Design

Laser additive manufacturing is an advanced manufacturing process for making prototypes as well as functional parts directly from the three dimensional (3D) Computer-Aided Design (CAD) model of the part and the parts are built up adding materials layer after layer, until the part is competed. Of all the additive manufacturing process, laser additive manufacturing is more favoured because of the advantages that laser offers. Laser is characterized by collimated linear beam that can be accurately controlled. This chapter brings to light, the various laser additive manufacturing technologies such as: - selective laser sintering and melting, stereolithography and laser metal deposition. Each of these laser additive manufacturing technologies are described with their merits and demerits as well as their areas of applications. Properties of some of the parts produced through these processes are also reviewed in this chapter.

scholarly journals An interactive product customization framework for freeform shapes

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1136-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunbo Zhang ◽  
Tsz Ho Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Design System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish new computer-aided-design (CAD) framework to design custom product that is fabricated additive manufacturing (AM), which can produce complex three-dimensional (3D) object without additional tool or fixture. Additive manufacturing (AM) enables the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) objects with complex shapes without additional tools and refixturing. However, it is difficult for user to use traditional computer-aided design tools to design custom products. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors presented a design system to help user design custom 3D printable products based on some reference freeform shapes. The user can define and edit styling curves on the reference model using the interactive geometric operations for styling curve. Incorporating with the reference models, these curves can be converted into 3D printable models through the fabrication interface. Findings The authors tested their system with four design applications including a hollow patterned bicycle helmet, a T-rex with skin frame structure, a face mask with Voronoi patterns and an AM-specific night dress with hollow patterns. Originality/value The executable prototype of the presented design framework used in the customization process is publicly available.

Laser Additive Manufacturing

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasheedat Modupe Mahamood ◽  
Esther Titilayo Akinlabi
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cad Model ◽  
Laser Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Aided Design

Laser additive manufacturing is an advanced manufacturing process for making prototypes as well as functional parts directly from the three dimensional (3D) Computer-Aided Design (CAD) model of the part and the parts are built up adding materials layer after layer, until the part is competed. Of all the additive manufacturing process, laser additive manufacturing is more favoured because of the advantages that laser offers. Laser is characterized by collimated linear beam that can be accurately controlled. This chapter brings to light, the various laser additive manufacturing technologies such as: - selective laser sintering and melting, stereolithography and laser metal deposition. Each of these laser additive manufacturing technologies are described with their merits and demerits as well as their areas of applications. Properties of some of the parts produced through these processes are also reviewed in this chapter.

scholarly journals Discrete element simulation of the charge in the hopper of a blast furnace, calibrating the parameters through an optimization algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Degrassi ◽  
Lucia Parussini ◽  
Marco Boscolo ◽  
Nicola Petronelli ◽  
Vincenzo Dimastromatteo
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Discrete Element ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Engineering Software ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Proper Material

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to simulate the distribution of a coarse granular material discharged in a hopper via a conveyor belt. This simulation is intended to be a model calibration for an optimization that will be later performed to obtain a proper material distribution device. From the hopper, the material is discharged in a blast furnace. Hence, achieving an adequate distribution in the hopper is crucial, since that distribution is directly linked to how the material spreads in the blast furnace, and this heavily influences the efficiency of the whole steel-making process. The apparatus is modeled by online three dimensional Computer-Aided Design software Onshape. Rocky DEM, a Computer-Aided Engineering software based on Discrete Element Method, is used to simulate the charge. The parameters of the numerical model are calibrated through an optimization algorithm. This phase is realized thanks to the optimization platform modeFRONTIER, using an algorithm that exploits meta-models to reduce the computational time of the optimization. By comparing the simulated results with the visual data obtained from blast furnace plant, the goal is to validate the model and to better understand the behavior of the whole charging process.

scholarly journals CAD/CAM Technology Challenges in Prosthodontics

2021 ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Subtractive Manufacturing ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Aided Design

Computer-Aided-Design/Computer-Aided-Manufacture or in short CAD/CAM technology is a revolutionary method which was utilized in dentistry in order to achieve more efficient and precise work that not only reduce time but also produce more patient satisfaction on the short and long term. Computer-Aided-Design (CAD) can be done by utilizing a specially designed software and an intraoral scanners or laboratory scanners which can construct a three dimensional image of scanned mouth or impression. Computer-Aided-Manufacture (CAM) on the other hand, can be done by subtractive or additive manufacturing. Subtractive manufacturing is done either by spark erosion or by a milling machine. Additive manufacturing on the other hand is made by layering technique in a step by step vertical buildup of the object or restoration. This review illustrates the indications, advantages, and limitations of CAD/CAM technology in construction of different types of restorations and the possible future of this technology.

scholarly journals Automatized Evaluation of Students’ CAD Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Nenad Bojcetic ◽  
Filip Valjak ◽  
Dragan Zezelj ◽  
Tomislav Martinec
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Cad Model ◽  
Computer Solution ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Aided Design

The article describes an attempt to address the automatized evaluation of student three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided design (CAD) models. The driving idea was conceptualized under the restraints of the COVID pandemic, driven by the problem of evaluating a large number of student 3D CAD models. The described computer solution can be implemented using any CAD computer application that supports customization. Test cases showed that the proposed solution was valid and could be used to evaluate many students’ 3D CAD models. The computer solution can also be used to help students to better understand how to create a 3D CAD model, thereby complying with the requirements of particular teachers.

Determination of the Workspace of a Three-Degrees-of-Freedom Parallel Manipulator Using a Three-Dimensional Computer-Aided-Design Software Package and the Concept of Virtual Chains1

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Johnson ◽  
Xianwen Kong ◽  
James Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Parallel Manipulator ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Parallel Manipulators ◽  
Workspace Analysis ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

The determination of workspace is an essential step in the development of parallel manipulators. By extending the virtual-chain (VC) approach to the type synthesis of parallel manipulators, this technical brief proposes a VC approach to the workspace analysis of parallel manipulators. This method is first outlined before being illustrated by the production of a three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided-design (CAD) model of a 3-RPS parallel manipulator and evaluating it for the workspace of the manipulator. Here, R, P and S denote revolute, prismatic and spherical joints respectively. The VC represents the motion capability of moving platform of a manipulator and is shown to be very useful in the production of a graphical representation of the workspace. Using this approach, the link interferences and certain transmission indices can be easily taken into consideration in determining the workspace of a parallel manipulator.

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