Operating Experience in the Petro-Chemical Industry

1959 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

The industrial gas turbine has gained acceptance in the petro-chemical industry (with its multipurpose cycle) and is now finding increasing application in this field. The reliability of this prime mover has been of paramount importance in petro-chemical applications and it is the purpose of this paper to report operating experience establishing this phase together with the improvement in thermodynamic cycle performance.

scholarly journals Gas Turbines for the Chemical Industry

1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Stanley Stys
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Design Construction

Application of the gas turbine in nitric-acid plants appears attractive. Several of these units have been installed recently in this country and performance and operating experience already have been gained. Design, construction, and layout of “package” units for this particular process are described.

Operating Experience and Economic Benefit of a 3-MW Gas Turbine in an Industrial Peak Shaving Application

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Jones ◽  
L. M. (Matt) Nall
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Facility Management ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Peak Shaving ◽  
Operating Cycle ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
System Operating

In the late 1970’s, due to increasing electric energy costs and the potential for power interruption at Solar Turbines Incorporated’s Harbor Drive manufacturing facility, management evaluated several self-generating options available at the time. With large fluctuating loads and a very limited need for thermal energy, the appropriate solution was determined to be peak shaving. In 1980, a 2.5-MW dual fuel industrial gas turbine generator set was installed. Its intended operating cycle was during on-peak billing periods, 5 days a week throughout the year. Through August 31, 1993, the system has accumulated 22,743 hours of use and 3879 starts. Its overall start reliability has been 99.9% with an availability of 98.2%. Payback on the installation was in 4.2 years. It has continued to generate savings since installation, with net savings for 1992 alone exceeding $470,000. This paper highlights the key aspects of the economic methodology justifying installation of the peak shaving system, operating procedures, maintenance practices and system modifications put in place over the life of the installation.

Part-Load Versus Downrated Industrial Gas Turbine Performance

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleverson Bringhenti ◽  
Joa˜o R. Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Variable Geometry ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Distributed Power Generation ◽  
Development Costs ◽  
Base Engine ◽  
Variable Geometry Turbine ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

For distributed power generation, sometimes the available gas turbines cannot match the power demands. It has been usual to uprate an existing gas turbine in the lower power range by increasing the firing temperature and speeding it up. The development costs are high and the time to make it operational is large. In the other hand, de-rating an existing gas turbine in the upper power range may be more convenient since it is expected to cut significantly the time for development and costs. In addition, the experience achieved with this engine may be easily extrapolated to the new engine. This paper deals with the performance analysis of an existing gas turbine, in the range of 25 MW, de-rated to the range of 18 MW, concerning the compressor modifications that could be more easily implemented. Analysis is performed for the base engine, running at part-load of MW. A variable geometry compressor is derived from the existing one. Search for optimized performance is carried out for new firing temperatures. A variable geometry turbine analysis is performed for new NGV settings, aiming at better cycle performance.

scholarly journals Loss in Axial Compressor Bleed Systems

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Grimshaw ◽  
J. Brind ◽  
G. Pullan ◽  
R. Seki
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Axial Compressor ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Loss Coefficient ◽  
Dynamic Head ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Gas Turbine Compressor ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Loss Mechanisms

Abstract Loss in axial compressor bleed systems is quantified, and the loss mechanisms identified, in order to determine how efficiency can be improved. For a given bleed air pressure requirement, reducing bleed system loss allows air to be bled from further upstream in the compressor, with benefits for the thermodynamic cycle. A definition of isentropic efficiency which includes bleed flow is used to account for this. Two cases with similar bleed systems are studied: a low-speed, single-stage research compressor and a large industrial gas turbine high-pressure compressor. A new method for characterising bleed system loss is introduced, using research compressor test results as a demonstration case. A loss coefficient is defined for a control volume including only flow passing through the bleed system. The coefficient takes a measured value of 95% bleed system inlet dynamic head, and is shown to be a weak function of compressor operating point and bleed rate, varying by ±2.2% over all tested conditions. This loss coefficient is the correct non-dimensional metric for quantifying and comparing bleed system performance. Computations of the research compressor and industrial gas turbine compressor identify the loss mechanisms in the bleed system flow. In both cases, approximately two-thirds of total loss is due to shearing of a high-velocity jet at the rear face of the bleed slot, one quarter is due to mixing in the plenum chamber and the remainder occurs in the off-take duct. Therefore, the main objective of a designer should be to diffuse the flow within the bleed slot. A redesigned bleed slot geometry is presented that achieves this objective and reduces the loss coefficient by 31%.

Low BTU Fuels for Gas Turbines

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Schiefer ◽  
D. A. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Thermal Cycle ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
The Impact

The current shortage of conventional gas turbine fuels has created the need for new sources of “clean” fuel. One of the most promising new fuels is low Btu gaseous fuel, such as produced by air injected coal or oil gasifiers or other chemical processes. The various sources of low Btu fuels and their combustion characteristics are discussed. To burn many of the low Btu fuels in the 100–300 Btu/scf range necessitates certain design modifications to the gas turbine originally optimized for high energy fuels. The extent of the modification depends greatly on the low Btu fuel. The impact of low Btu fuels on the gas turbine thermodynamic cycle performance and environmental performance is very encouraging. From the environmental viewpoint, low Btu fuels promise to be “clean” fuels while providing increased output at higher thermal cycle efficiencies than achieved with conventional fuels.

U.S. Navy Rolls-Royce Allison 501-K34 Operating Experience

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis M. Russom ◽  
Robert L. Jernoske
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Prototype Experience ◽  
Generator Sets ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Future Plans

The Rolls-Royce Allison (RRA) 501-K34 serves as the prime mover for the Ship Service Gas Turbine Generator sets (SSGTGs) of the U.S. Navy’s DDG-51 Class ships. Navy experience with the 501-K34 began in 1988 with the testing of the first prototype. Experience to date includes over 700,000 fired hours on a growing fleet of engines. This paper explores that operating experience and discusses future plans to improve the engine’s operational availability while lowering life cycle costs.

Field Evaluation and Operating Experience of the Allison 501-KB5 Industrial Gas Turbine

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Latcovich ◽  
Charles S. Bach
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Technical Approach ◽  
And Performance ◽  
One Year ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

The Allison 501-KB5 3924 KW gas turbine was introduced to the industrial power generation market in 1982 as a low risk upgrade of the 501-KB engine. The aero-derivative and industrial background of the 501-KB engine is discussed along with the technical approach, engine features and performance (20% more power and 6% less fuel than the 501-KB) of the upgrade. The results of a one year field evaluation of an early 501-KB5 engine are presented, including performance testing and teardown inspections conducted after the evaluation. Since introduction in 1982, fifty-five production 501-KB5 engines have been delivered, and the operating experience of these engines, which now exceeds 230,000 hours is presented.

scholarly journals Development of the Taurus 70 Industrial Gas Turbine

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Rocha ◽  
Mohammad Saadatmand ◽  
Gary Bolander
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Basic Engine ◽  
Premix Combustion ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Product Development Strategy ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Cycle Efficiency

Solar Turbines Incorporated has developed the Taurus 70 gas turbine in response to growing market demands in the 7 MW size range. The simple cycle, two shaft engine is rated for 7.1 MW and 34% thermal efficiency at the ISO inlet condition. The product development strategy adopted for the Taurus 70 was to incorporate proven technology that has been demonstrated with the existing Taurus 60 and Mars engines. The final design configuration was influenced by the use of an uprated Taunts 60 compressor assembly to achieve thermodynamic cycle parameters similar to the Mars engines. The standard engine configuration also includes a dry, lean-premix, combustion system to provide a gas turbine with the lowest emission and highest simple cycle efficiency in its size class. This paper describes the proven product technology, basic engine configuration and development test strategy involved in the development of the new Taurus 70 gas Turbine.

scholarly journals 33,000 Hours on Marine Gas Turbines in Naval Service

1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. M. Fowden ◽  
J. W. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Strong Contender ◽  
Naval Service

After some 33,000 hr of operating experience on marine gas turbines in naval vessels, it is believed that this prime mover has well demonstrated its reliability, its long-range economy, ease of operation, and quick replacement. Based on this experience, naval applications of marine gas turbine are expected to show a further increase in the immediate future. The gas turbine is now a strong contender in many fields and is being selected on the basis that it is able to do a better job than its nearest competitor.

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