scholarly journals Rolling Wear of Silicon Nitride Bearing Materials

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Lucek
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Bearing Materials

Rolling-contact fatigue test methods were used to measure the wear performance of several silicon nitride materials. Sintered, hot pressed and hot isostatically pressed materials exhibited wear rates ranging over three orders of magnitude. Hot isostatically pressed materials had the lowest wear rates. Despite the disparity in wear performance, all materials tested had useful rolling-contact fatigue lives compared to steel. Fatigue life estimates, failure modes, and rolling wear performance for theses ceramics are compared to M-50 steel. This work highlights the rapid contact stress reductions that occur due to conformal wear in rolling-contact fatigue testing. Candidate bearing materials with unacceptably high wear rates may exhibit useful fatigue lives. Rolling contact bearing materials must possess useful wear and fatigue resistance. Proper performance screening of candidate bearing materials must describe the failure mode, wear rate, and the fatigue life. Guidelines for fatigue testing methods are proposed.

Exploring the Potential for the Application of Ceramic Bearing Technology to the Wheel/Rail Interface

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald E. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Steel Wheel ◽  
Rolling Elements ◽  
The Right

Ball or roller bearings have much in common with a railway wheel running on a rail. Both have high Hertzian stresses and are subject to rolling contact fatigue. Silicone Nitride (Si3N4), a Technical Ceramic, has now firmly established itself in the engineering marketplace as part of a hybrid bearing, where the rolling elements are silicone nitride and the races are steel. The paper explores the possibility of a Silicon Nitride/steel wheel/rail combination and finds that, because Silicon Nitride has a higher Modulus of Elasticity, it is not suitable as a direct replacement on existing systems, because it would produce a smaller contact patch and greater contact stress. The low toughness of Silicon Nitride in comparison to steel could be an obstacle to its general railway use, however, it could made into a composite material in the same manner as Carbon Reinforced Silicon Carbide (C/SiC) is used in brake discs. There is a possibility that, under the right conditions, Silicon Nitride could return very low wear rates, because of its extreme hardness, and because it’s excellent resistance to rolling contact fatigue (noted in hybrid bearings). This could give a wheel high mileage, without the need to remove fatigued material by controlled wear or by turning. A promising future application for the material is a cable-hauled system, where the predicted lower adhesion between Silicon Nitride and a steel rail is not a problem and the wheels are not required to be conductive.

scholarly journals Hybrid Bearing Technology for Advanced Turbomachinery: Rolling Contact Fatigue Testing

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Dill
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Bearing Steels ◽  
Bearing Materials ◽  
Machining Characteristics

The purpose of this paper is to describe the basic structure and results to date of a major ARPA funded effort to provide a tribological performance database on ceramic bearing materials and their interaction with standard bearing steels. Program efforts include studies of material physical properties, machining characteristics and tribological performance. The majority of the testing completed to date focuses on rolling contact fatigue testing of the ceramic materials including efforts to arrive a optimum approaches to evaluating ceramic / steel hybrid combinations in rolling contact fatigue.

Hybrid Bearing Technology for Advanced Turbomachinery: Rolling Contact Fatigue Testing

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Dill
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Bearing Steels ◽  
Bearing Materials ◽  
Machining Characteristics

The purpose of this paper is to describe the basic structure and results to date of a major ARPA funded effort to provide a tribological performance database on ceramic bearing materials and their interaction with standard bearing steels. Program efforts include studies of material physical properties, machining characteristics, and tribological performance. The majority of the testing completed to date focuses on rolling contact fatigue testing of the ceramic materials, including efforts to arrive at optimum approaches to evaluating ceramic/steel hybrid combinations in rolling contact fatigue.

Rolling contact fatigue failure modes of lubricated silicon nitride in relation to ring crack defects

Wear ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 225-229 ◽  
pp. 1284-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Wang ◽  
M Hadfield
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Fatigue Failure ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Ring Crack

Rolling-Contact Fatigue Studies With Four Tool Steels and a Crystallized Glass Ceramic

1961 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin V. Zaretsky ◽  
William J. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Bearing Materials ◽  
Steel Balls

The rolling-contact fatigue properties of crystallized glass ceramic balls together with AISI M-1, AISI M-50, Halmo, and WB-49 alloy steel balls tempered to various hardness levels were determined in the NASA spin rig and in the five-ball fatigue tester. A continuous increase in fatigue life and load capacity for each steel was observed with increased ball hardness. These results correlate with resistance to plastic deformation as measured with spherical specimens in rolling contact but do not correlate with elastic limit and yield strength measured for bar specimens. These bar specimens showed optimum values at intermediate hardness levels. Extremely low scatter in fatigue life for the ceramic balls indicate that the degree of structural homogeneity may be an important factor in life scatter of bearing materials.

Rolling Contact Fatigue Life and Spall Propagation of AISI M50, M50NiL, and AISI 52100, Part I: Experimental Results

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis Rosado ◽  
Nelson H. Forster ◽  
Kevin L. Thompson ◽  
Jason W. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Aisi 52100 ◽  
Contact Fatigue Life ◽  
Spall Propagation

Effect of Grain Flow Orientation on Rolling Contact Fatigue Life of AISI M-50

1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Nahm
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Flow Line ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Type I ◽  
Grain Flow ◽  
Contact Fatigue Life

Accelerated rolling contact fatigue tests were conducted to study the effect of grain flow orientation on the rolling contact fatigue life of vacuum induction melted and vacuum arc remelted (VIM-VAR) AISI M-50. Cylindrical test bars were prepared from a billet with 0, 45, and 90 deg orientations relative to billet forging flow direction. Tests were run at a Hertzian stress of 4,826 MPa with a rolling speed of 12,500 rpm at room temperature, and lubricated with Type I (MIL-L-7808G) oil. It was observed that rolling contact fatigue life increased when grain flow line direction became more parallel to the rolling contact surface.

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