scholarly journals The MHTGR Gas Turbine: A Power Plant Ideally Suited to Meeting the Energy Needs of the Newly Industrializing Nations

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin F. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Living Will ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant

It has been estimated, that shortly after the year 2050, the energy use in the developing nations will exceed energy use in the industrialized countries. Utilization of the human resources in the newly industrializing nations will be a key factor to ensure global economic stability, and an important element towards an increase in their standard of living will be assurance of a secure and economic source of power. Lessons learned from the industrialized nations will include avoidance of fragility of their economy based on the dependence of fossil fuels, and the negative environmental consequences; simply stated the economic future of the newly industrializing nations is very dependent on the deployment of nuclear power. The Modular High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (MHTGR), with its unquestionable safety, must be viewed as a leading candidate to meet the aforementioned energy needs. Utilizing a helium turbine power conversion system, the basic module rating is around 200 MW(e). The modular approach permits incremental expansion as the electrical grid infrastructure expands. The nuclear gas turbine plant has many attributes, including the following: (1) complete factory fabrication and assembly; (2) minimum site construction work; (3) siting flexibility (cooling water not required since economic dry cooling can be realized with the Brayton cycle); (4) operation in a cogeneration mode without loss of electrical output (i.e., steam production, desalination); and (5) increasing local participation in module fabrication as the system matures. This paper highlights the advantages of the modular nuclear gas turbine plant, and emphasizes the fact that the major components are based on proven technology. With introduction of this inherently safe, high efficiency, nuclear power plant shortly after the turn of the century, the ever-increasing demand for power throughout the 21st century by the newly industrializing nations will be assured.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THERMODYNAMIC CYCLE OF GAS TURBINE PLANT OF NUCLEAR MODULAR POWER INSTALLATION WITH HELIUM REACTOR

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
A. A. Khalatov ◽  
S. D. Severin ◽  
T. V. Donyk
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Energy Conversion System ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

The analysis of energy conversion system thermodynamics cycle for perspective modular fourth-generation nuclear power plant with high temperature helium reactor with termal capacity 250MW is represented in the article. The analysis of working process parameters influence for gas-turbine power plant of complicated thermodynamics Briton cycle on the indexes of its efficiency is represented.  

scholarly journals Technical-economic evaluation of medium-power gas turbine plant with air bottoming cycle

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 07005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Mikheev ◽  
Yulia M. Potanina
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Technical And Economic Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant ◽  
Minimum Costs

A developed mathematical model of a gas turbine power plant with an additional air bottoming cycle to utilize heat of exhaust gases was used to carry out a technical and economic analysis. The approach used in the study is aimed at solving two types of optimization problems: (1) to determine the maximum net efficiency of the power plant and (2) to adjust the equipment and operating parameters for achieving minimum costs of electricity production. The study shows that the air bottoming cycle provides an increase in the net efficiency up to 44 - 48% and adds about 20% to the installed power capacity. The minimum costs of electric energy production estimated for different prices of fuel (natural gas) are competitive enough, so the gas turbine power plant with air bottoming cycle seems to be a promising technology for medium-power generation.

An Evaluation of Steam Injected Combustion Turbine Systems

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Brown ◽  
A. Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Capital Cost ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustor ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant ◽  
Distillate Fuel

Performance and economic evaluation results are presented for steam injected combustion turbine systems. The steam injected gas turbine plant shows a potential for low capital cost and high efficiency for sites where water consumption is not a deterrent. Steam produced in a heat recovery steam generator is injected into the gas turbine combustor section to the extent of 0.155 pounds steam per pound of air flow. Water consumption is estimated to be 2.5 pounds per kWh (1.13 kg/hWh). When burning distillate fuel at 2200°F (1204°C), the potential efficiency is 40 percent as compared to 38 percent for a simple cycle gas turbine, and the specific output per pound of air flow is increased by 30 percent. The estimated capital cost per kilowatt is 3 percent greater than that for the simple cycle gas turbine.

Very High Efficiency Small Nuclear Gas Turbine Power Plant Concept (HTGR-GT/BC) for Special Applications

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. McDonald ◽  
L. Cavallaro ◽  
D. Kapich ◽  
W. A. Medwid
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Conversion System ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Plant Efficiency

To meet the energy needs of special terrestrial defense installations, where a premium is placed on high plant efficiency, conceptual studies have been performed on an advanced closed-cycle gas turbine system with a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) as the heat source. Emphasis has been placed on system compactness and plant simplicity. A goal of plant operation for extended periods with no environmental contact had a strong influence on the design features. To realize a high plant efficiency (over 50%) for this mode of operation, a combined cycle was investigated. A primary helium Brayton power conversion system coupled with a Freon bottoming cycle was selected. The selection of a gas turbine power conversion system is very much related to applications where high efficiency is paramount and this can be realized with the utilization of a cold heat sink. Details are presented of the reactor arrangement, power conversion system, major components, installation, and performance for a compact nuclear power plant currently in a very early stage of concept definition.

Power Generation by Low Condition Heat Generator Combined With Advanced Oxy-Fuel Combustion LNG Gas Turbine Power Plant

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanji Oshima ◽  
Yohji Uchiyama
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Saturated Steam ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Heat Generator ◽  
Reference Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant

We propose a novel concept for power generation that involves the combination of a low-condition heat generator (LCHG), such as a light water nuclear reactor or a biomass combustion boiler, with an advanced closed-cycle oxy-fuel combustion gas turbine—a type of complex and efficient oxyfuel gas turbine plant, in accordance with our previous studies in combination with a simple oxy-fuel gas turbine plant. In this study, a LCHG is designed to heat water to saturated steam of a few MPa, to assist in the generation of the main working fluids, instead of a compressor used in the advanced oxy-fuel gas turbine. This saturated steam can have a lower pressure and temperature than those of an existing nuclear power plant or biomass-fired power plant. We estimated plant performances from a heat balance model based on a conceptual design of a plant for different gas turbine inlet pressures of 2.5–6.5 MPa and temperatures of 1300 and 1500°C, taking into account the work to produce O2 and capture CO2. While the net power generating efficiencies of a reference advanced oxy-fuel gas turbine plant are estimated to be about 52.0% and 56.0% at 1300 and 1500°C, respectively, and conventional steam power generation is assumed to have an efficiency of about 35% or less for pressures of 2.5–6.5 MPa, the proposed hybrid plant achieved 42.8–44.7% at 1300°C and 47.8–49.2% for 1500°C. In the proposed plant, the power output contributed by a LCHG may be obtained by subtracting the LNG contribution from the whole net power output. Even supposing that the generation efficiency of the LNG system in the proposed plant remains equal to that of the reference plant (56.0% at 1500°C), some components used in the reference plant are omitted by installation of the LCHG. The efficiency of LCHG system can be estimated 37.4% for 6.5 MPa and 33.2% for 2.5 MPa, even though the LHCG system may be regarded as consisting of fewer plant facilities than a conventional LCHG power plant.

Dynamic Modeling of a Cogenerating Nuclear Gas Turbine Plant—Part I: Modeling and Validation

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Kikstra ◽  
A. H. M. Verkooijen
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Dynamic Modeling ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
System A ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant ◽  
Phase Water

The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is a promising concept for inherently safe nuclear power generation. This article deals with dynamic modeling of a combined heat and power plant, based on a helium-cooled reactor in combination with a closed-cycle gas turbine system. A one-dimensional flow model describing the helium flow and the two-phase water flow is used through the whole plant, with different source terms in different pieces of equipment. A stage-by-stage model is produced for the radial compressor and axial turbine. Other models include the recuperator, water/helium heat exchangers, a natural convection evaporator, valves, etc. In Part II the model will be used to analyze the dynamic behavior and to design a control system.

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