scholarly journals Developmental Status of Hybrids

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbie Layne ◽  
Scott Samuelsen ◽  
Mark Williams ◽  
Patricia Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Distributed Power Generation ◽  
Power Generation Technology ◽  
Generation Technology

Fuel cells are emerging as a major new power generation technology that is particularly suitable for distributed power generation, high-efficiency, and low pollutant emission. An interesting combined cycle, the “HYBRID,” has recently been scoped “on paper” that portends the potential of ultra-high efficiency (approaching 80%) in which a gas turbine is synergistically combined with a fuel cell into a unique combined cycle. This paper introduces hybrid technology to the gas turbine community as a whole, and summarizes the current and projected activities associated with this emerging concept.

scholarly journals Exergy analysis of combined cycle of gas turbine and solid oxide fuel cell in different compression ratios

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Esmaeel Fatahian ◽  
Navid Tonekaboni ◽  
Hossein Fatahian
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Due to the growing trend of energy consumption in the world uses of methods and new energy production systems with high efficiency and low emissions have been prioritized. Today, with the development of different systems of energy production, different techniques such as the use of solar energy, wind energy, fuel cells, micro turbines and diesel generators in cogeneration have been considered, each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages. Having a reliable energy generation system, inexpensive and availability the use of fuel cells as a major candidate has been introduced. Fuel cells converting chemical energy to electrical energy that today are one as a new technology in energy production are considered. In this paper fuel cell compression ratios 4, 4.1 and 4.2 at an ambient temperature of 298 K have been simulated and ultimately optimum ratio 4.1 for modeling has been selected. All components of cycle, including the stack of fuel cell, combustion chamber, air compressors, recuperator and gas turbine was evaluated from the viewpoint of exergy and exergy destruction rate was calculated by EES software.

High Efficiency Gas Turbine Based Power Cycles—A Study of the Most Promising Solutions: Part 2—A Parametric Performance Evaluation

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh K. Bhargava ◽  
Michele Bianchi ◽  
Stefano Campanari ◽  
Andrea De Pascale ◽  
Giorgio Negri di Montenegro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Development Work ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Water Steam

In general, two approaches have been used in the gas turbine industry to improve Brayton cycle performance. One approach includes increasing Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) and cycle pressure ratio (β), but it is quite capital intensive requiring extensive research and development work, advancements in cooling (of turbine blades and hot gas path components) technologies, high temperature materials and NOx reducing methods. The second approach involves modifying the Brayton cycle. However, this approach did not become very popular because of the development of high efficiency gas turbine (GT) based combined cycle systems in spite of their high initial cost. This paper discusses another approach that has gained lot of momentum in recent years in which modified Brayton cycles are used with humidification or water/steam injection, termed “wet Cycles”, resulting in lower cost/kW power system, or with fuel cells, obtaining “hybrid Cycles”; the cycle efficiency can be comparable with a corresponding combined cycle system including better part-load operational characteristics. Such systems, that include advanced Steam Injected cycle and its variants (STIG, ISTIG, etc.), Recuperated Water Injection cycle (RWI), humidified air turbine cycle (HAT) and Cascaded Humidified Advanced Turbine (CHAT) cycle, Brayton cycle with high temperature fuel cell, Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MSFC) or Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) and combinations of these with the modified Brayton cycles, have not yet become commercially available as more development work is required. The main objective of this paper is to provide a detailed parametric thermodynamic cycle analysis of the above mentioned cycles and discussion of their comparative performance including advantages and limitations.

Enhancing Gas Turbine Operation With Heavy Fuel Oil

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Muralidharan ◽  
Matthieu Vierling
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Hydro Power

Power generation in south Asia has witnessed a steep fall due to the shortage of natural gas supplies for power plants and poor water storage in reservoirs for low hydro power generation. Due to the current economic scenario, there is worldwide pressure to secure and make more gas and oil available to support global power needs. With constrained fuel sources and increasing environmental focus, the quest for higher efficiency would be imminent. Natural gas combined cycle plants operate at a very high efficiency, increasing the demand for gas. At the same time, countries may continue to look for alternate fuels such as coal and liquid fuels, including crude and residual oil, to increase energy stability and security. In over the past few decades, the technology for refining crude oil has gone through a significant transformation. With the advanced refining process, there are additional lighter distillates produced from crude that could significantly change the quality of residual oil used for producing heavy fuel. Using poor quality residual fuel in a gas turbine to generate power could have many challenges with regards to availability and efficiency of a gas turbine. The fuel needs to be treated prior to combustion and needs a frequent turbine cleaning to recover the lost performance due to fouling. This paper will discuss GE’s recently developed gas turbine features, including automatic water wash, smart cooldown and model based control (MBC) firing temperature control. These features could significantly increase availability and improve the average performance of heavy fuel oil (HFO). The duration of the gas turbine offline water wash sequence and the rate of output degradation due to fouling can be considerably reduced.

Development of an 8MW-Class High-Efficiency Gas Turbine, M7A-03

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Tanimura ◽  
Naoki Murakami ◽  
Akinori Matsuoka ◽  
Katsuhiko Ishida ◽  
Hiroshi Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Turbine Cooling ◽  
Distributed Power Generation

The M7A-03 gas turbine, an 8 MW class, single shaft gas turbine, is the latest model of the Kawasaki M7A series. Because of the high thermal efficiency and the high exhaust gas temperature, it is particularly suitable for distributed power generation, cogeneration and combined-cycle applications. About the development of M7A-03 gas turbine, Kawasaki has taken the experience of the existing M7A-01 and M7A-02 series into consideration, as a baseline. Furthermore, the latest technology of aerodynamics and cooling design, already applied to the 18 MW class Kawasaki L20A, released in 2000, has been applied to the M7A-03. Kawasaki has adopted the design concept for achieving reliability within the shortest possible development period by selecting the same fundamental engine specifications of the existing M7A-02 – mass air flow rate, pressure ratio, TIT, etc. However, the M7A-03 has been attaining a thermal efficiency of greater than 2.5 points higher and an output increment of over 660 kW than the M7A-02, by the improvement in aerodynamic performance of the compressor, turbine and exhaust diffuser, improved turbine cooling, and newer seal technology. In addition, the NOx emission of the combustor is low and the M7A-03 has a long service life. These functions make long-term continuous operation possible under various environmental restraints. Lower life cycle costs are achieved by the engine high performance, and the high-reliability resulting from simple structure. The prototype M7A-03 gas-turbine development test started in the spring of 2006 and it has been confirmed that performance, mechanical characteristics, and emissions have achieved the initial design goals.

scholarly journals Parametric Study of Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Combined Cycle Performance

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn Stephenson ◽  
Ian Ritchey
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Combined Cycles

A number of cycles have been proposed in which a solid oxide fuel cell is used as the topping cycle to a gas turbine, including those recently described by Beve et al. (1996). Such proposals frequently focus on the combination of particular gas turbines with particular fuel cells. In this paper, the development of more general models for a number of alternative cycles is described. These models incorporate variations of component performance with key cycle parameters such as gas turbine pressure ratio, fuel cell operating temperature and air flow. Parametric studies are conducted using these models to produce performance maps, giving overall cycle performance in terms of both gas turbine and fuel cell design point operating conditions. The location of potential gas turbine and fuel cell combinations on these maps is then used to identify which of these combinations are most likely to be appropriate for optimum efficiency and power output. It is well known, for example, that the design point of a gas turbine optimised for simple cycle performance is not generally optimal for combined cycle gas turbine performance. The same phenomenon may be observed in combined fuel cell and gas turbine cycles, where both the fuel cell and the gas turbine are likely to differ from those which would be selected for peak simple cycle efficiency. The implications of this for practical fuel cell and gas turbine combined cycles and for development targets for solid oxide fuel cells are discussed. Finally, a brief comparison of the economics of simple cycle fuel cells, simple cycle gas turbines and fuel cell and gas turbine combined cycles is presented, illustrating the benefits which could result.

Ultralow Carbon Dioxide Emission MCFC Based Power Plant

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Chiappini ◽  
Luca Andreassi ◽  
Elio Jannelli ◽  
Stefano Ubertini
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Molten Carbonate

The application of high temperature fuel cells in stationary power generation seems to be one of the possible solutions to the problem related to the environment preservation and to the growing interest for distributed electric power generation. Great expectations have been placed on both simple and hybrid fuel cell plants, thus making necessary the evolution of analysis strategies to evaluate thermodynamic performance, design improvements, and acceleration of new developments. This paper investigates the thermodynamic potential of combining traditional internal combustion energy systems (i.e., gas turbine and internal combustion engine) with a molten carbonate fuel cell for medium- and low-scale electrical power productions with low CO2 emissions. The coupling is performed by placing the fuel cell at the exhaust of the thermal engine. As in molten carbonate fuel cells the oxygen-charge carrier in the electrolyte is the carbonate ion, part of the CO2 in the gas turbine flue gas is moved to the anode and then separated by steam condensation. Plant performance is evaluated in function of different parameters to identify optimal solutions. The results show that the proposed power system can be conveniently used as a source of power generation.

Research on Geothermal Power Generation Technology and its Development Trend

2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 413-417
Author(s):  
Yu Peng Zhang ◽  
Shu Zhong Wang ◽  
Ze Feng Jing ◽  
Ming Ming Lv ◽  
Zhen De Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Power Generation Technology ◽  
Geothermal Power ◽  
Cycle Efficiency ◽  
Generation Technology

More and more attention is paid to geothermal energy because of its cleanability and renewability. Geothermal power generation technology has quantities of advantages and the research is booming. There are three main types of geothermal power generation technologies namely dry stream, flashed stream and binary power generation. It is discussed that working principles, cycle efficiency, advantages and disadvantages, and application. Technology development trend is introduced. The technologies in the future are hot dry rock, magma, combined cycle and low temperature geothermal energy power generations. And they are all of great potential and application prospect.

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