Cogeneration and the Citrus Industry

Author(s):  
Edwin F. Coxe

The purpose of this presentation is to acquaint you with cogeneration, provide techniques for quickly assessing its possible application at your facility, and provide direction for implementation, if appropriate. Cogeneration is the sequential production of steam and electricity from the same energy source. It is sequential in that the energy first produces electricity and then useful thermal energy. This application is called a topping cycle because the power production precedes the thermal application. It is the one that should be of most interest in the citrus industry, and the one that will be addressed herein. The other configuration, the bottoming cycle, is where the energy source for power generation is from heat recovered from a high temperature thermal process application such as often exists in the metal processing industry. Paper published with permission.

Author(s):  
Inese Mārtiņsone ◽  
Mārīte-Ārija Baķe ◽  
Žanna Martinsone ◽  
Maija Eglīte

Possible hazards of work environment in metal processing industry in Latvia The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors in the work environment of Latvian metal processing industry using the database of the Laboratory of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases of the Institute of Occupational Safety and Environmental Health, Rīga Stradiņš University. During the period between 1996 and 2005, 703 measurements were made in metalworking enterprises. In Latvia, approximately 2.4% of the workforce is involved in the metal processing industry. Physical (noise, lighting, vibration) and chemical (abrasive dust, welding aerosol and contained metals) risk factors were analysed. In the assessed metalworking workplaces, the work environment was estimated to be of poor quality, because occupational exposure limits or recommended values were exceeded in 42% (n = 294) of cases. Noise, manganese and welding aerosols most often exceeded the occupational exposure limits or recommended values, the significance was P < 0.001, P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively.


Author(s):  
Nezih Kamil SALİHOĞLU ◽  
Zeinab AMIN ◽  
Çagla Celikli

Metal swarf is unavoidable material in metal processing industry, also metal swarf treatment lead to cost savings by metal waste reduction and removing the cutting fluid waste, that cause to increasing process stability and metal value. It is interested that in how to recycle metal swarf especially when swarf surrounded by cutting fluid, is considered because these waste are classified as hazardous waste. The aim of the study is to increase the process efficiency and environmental performance by metal waste reduction at source which are the first step of the waste hierarchy. The results of the experiments showed that 3391 tons of metal swarf coated with cutting fluids which contained 2.29% cutting fluid be produced annually. It has been found that if the total amount of cutting fluid on the swarf surface be reduced to less than 1% leads to a significant mass reduction in the amount of hazardous waste. In this research, it was considered, 107,922 USD profit at the end of first year and 205,278 USD at the end of second year would be obtained by reducing the cutting fluid content from 2.29% to 0.8% with using cutting fluid that surrounded metal swarf separation equipment in manufacturing location.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Jesa Kreiner ◽  
Milomir Stanković ◽  
Dragana Sajfert ◽  
Edit Terek ◽  
Zoran Škrinjarić

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joerg M. Hoffmann ◽  
Werner Trentmann ◽  
Elisaveta Kalashnikova

Many products or intermediate products in industry have to be cleaned with industrial washers. For example in the metal processing industry, especially in the automotive industry, parts have to be cleaned from drilling chips and oil. For this a lot of water and chemical add ons are used. It is in the economical as well as the ecological interest of companies to use the washer liquid in an optimal way. On the one hand the washer liquid should not be changed too early, on the other hand high quality requirements in concerning the cleanness of the products have to be fulfilled. In the past, the change of the washer liquid was conducted to more or less subjective criteria. The aim of this work is the development of a sensor system, which is able to detect the optimal point in time to change the washer liquid. Depending on the application the particle pollution or oil pollution are of a higher interest. Therefore, it is necessary to measure these two kinds of pollutions independent from each other. This is realised with the help of an artificial neural network.


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